Love thy neighbor? reciprocal impacts between plant community
... 2009), but plant species can also compensate for, or tolerate, damage by herbivores (Trumble et al. 1993). Furthermore, impacts of herbivory often involve complex indirect effects, such as changes in the susceptibility to subsequent herbivory or pathogens (Karban and Baldwin 1997, Daleo et al. 2009) ...
... 2009), but plant species can also compensate for, or tolerate, damage by herbivores (Trumble et al. 1993). Furthermore, impacts of herbivory often involve complex indirect effects, such as changes in the susceptibility to subsequent herbivory or pathogens (Karban and Baldwin 1997, Daleo et al. 2009) ...
Spatial pattern in Anthyllis cytisoides shrubland on abandoned land
... Determination of the demography and patterns of sparse vegetation and the prediction of their development and possible change can therefore improve estimates of the hydrological balance of ecosystems (Wallace et al. 1990). In practice, however, such changes in the vegetative cover are rarely conside ...
... Determination of the demography and patterns of sparse vegetation and the prediction of their development and possible change can therefore improve estimates of the hydrological balance of ecosystems (Wallace et al. 1990). In practice, however, such changes in the vegetative cover are rarely conside ...
Maritime Ringlet (Coenonympha nipisiquit)
... Population sizes and trends The Maritime Ringlet generally occurs in dense populations in relatively small areas. It is found in an area of only 76km2 (64km2 when introduced populations are removed from the calculations). It has a total of 27,000 to 37,000 adults in four populations, comprising one ...
... Population sizes and trends The Maritime Ringlet generally occurs in dense populations in relatively small areas. It is found in an area of only 76km2 (64km2 when introduced populations are removed from the calculations). It has a total of 27,000 to 37,000 adults in four populations, comprising one ...
Predators and Livestock Farming - Environmental Information Service
... manual have been piloted and implemented in various areas and have proved resoundingly successful. There are examples of failures, as with all dynamic systems, but many of these failures have been the result poor application and not the method. The consumer demands will increasingly insist on the im ...
... manual have been piloted and implemented in various areas and have proved resoundingly successful. There are examples of failures, as with all dynamic systems, but many of these failures have been the result poor application and not the method. The consumer demands will increasingly insist on the im ...
Cheetah - Convention on Migratory Species
... make the cheetah the unique animal that it is today. Cheetahs hunted prey in the open plains as grasslands replaced forests during this time period. The sleek characteristics of the modern cheetahs became more prominent. This was especially evident in reduced body size and elongated limbs. The moder ...
... make the cheetah the unique animal that it is today. Cheetahs hunted prey in the open plains as grasslands replaced forests during this time period. The sleek characteristics of the modern cheetahs became more prominent. This was especially evident in reduced body size and elongated limbs. The moder ...
Density-dependent facilitation cascades determine
... density. Oysters, by contrast, were highly over-dispersed and correlated with the presence/ absence of pneumatophores. Epifaunal abundance and species richness were positively correlated with algal and oyster abundance, but their effects were independent. The positive effect of pneumatophore density ...
... density. Oysters, by contrast, were highly over-dispersed and correlated with the presence/ absence of pneumatophores. Epifaunal abundance and species richness were positively correlated with algal and oyster abundance, but their effects were independent. The positive effect of pneumatophore density ...
DIETS OF SEABIRDS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHANGES IN
... fishery can be harmed by competition or other trophic interactions. As these questions and issues are addressed, both experimental approaches within the North Sea and comparisons with fisheries experience elsewhere in the world will be required. ...
... fishery can be harmed by competition or other trophic interactions. As these questions and issues are addressed, both experimental approaches within the North Sea and comparisons with fisheries experience elsewhere in the world will be required. ...
The peppered moth: a black and white story after all
... JBS Haldane calculated long ago that the melanics must have had about 50% higher survival than typical mottled forms to explain the rapid rise in melanic gene frequency. In the last half of the last century, field experiments at 35 sites were performed by a number of scientists. These experiments di ...
... JBS Haldane calculated long ago that the melanics must have had about 50% higher survival than typical mottled forms to explain the rapid rise in melanic gene frequency. In the last half of the last century, field experiments at 35 sites were performed by a number of scientists. These experiments di ...
Chemical mediation of interactions among marine organisms
... Research emphasis has shifted from the isolation and testing of specific algal metabolites to demonstrate that they function as defensive agents to studies of spatial and temporal patterns in the production of algal defensive compounds. Studies of intraspecific variation, inducible defenses, and cha ...
... Research emphasis has shifted from the isolation and testing of specific algal metabolites to demonstrate that they function as defensive agents to studies of spatial and temporal patterns in the production of algal defensive compounds. Studies of intraspecific variation, inducible defenses, and cha ...
Legal Limits and Adaptive Management of Wildlife
... founds that the legal instruments mainly are concerned with the rational use or protection of a certain species rather than dealing with inter-relations and the sustainability of ecosystems. E.g. the motive for legal protection is based on a definition of a sustainable population which is determined ...
... founds that the legal instruments mainly are concerned with the rational use or protection of a certain species rather than dealing with inter-relations and the sustainability of ecosystems. E.g. the motive for legal protection is based on a definition of a sustainable population which is determined ...
2009 Ripples continental shelf
... 0278-4343/$ - see front matter & 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2009.08.020 ...
... 0278-4343/$ - see front matter & 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2009.08.020 ...
pdf - Michigan State University
... remain questionable (as is true of all forms of geographic races) until reliable tests indicate whether they will fuse or coexist in sympatry. Adaptation to different hosts may conceivably lead to the development of sexual isolation by a divergence in courtship behavior, but the conditions necessary ...
... remain questionable (as is true of all forms of geographic races) until reliable tests indicate whether they will fuse or coexist in sympatry. Adaptation to different hosts may conceivably lead to the development of sexual isolation by a divergence in courtship behavior, but the conditions necessary ...
Scientific Canadian
... Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences. “Historically, jellyfish have slipped through the cracks,” says Brotz. “They were perceived as an unimportant nuisance to fisheries scientists, yet they are too big to be studied by planktologists. But we now know that they’re very important in the marine ecos ...
... Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences. “Historically, jellyfish have slipped through the cracks,” says Brotz. “They were perceived as an unimportant nuisance to fisheries scientists, yet they are too big to be studied by planktologists. But we now know that they’re very important in the marine ecos ...
Molecular identification and feeding ecology of arthropod generalist predators present in
... lettuce crops. Their biological control is mainly based on the use of generalist predators. Detailed knowledge about generalist predator diets is fundamental in the development of conservation biological control (CBC) programs. The general goal of this Doctoral Thesis is to study the trophic interac ...
... lettuce crops. Their biological control is mainly based on the use of generalist predators. Detailed knowledge about generalist predator diets is fundamental in the development of conservation biological control (CBC) programs. The general goal of this Doctoral Thesis is to study the trophic interac ...
BIODIVERSITY AND LITTER DECOMPOSITION IN
... and 1780 days) and in experimental protocols (leaf litter exposed under artificial laboratory conditions, litterbags, or field microcosms), an average relative-mixing effect appears ecologically rather meaningless. Third, most experiments done to date have included only two or three species and comp ...
... and 1780 days) and in experimental protocols (leaf litter exposed under artificial laboratory conditions, litterbags, or field microcosms), an average relative-mixing effect appears ecologically rather meaningless. Third, most experiments done to date have included only two or three species and comp ...
Download appendices
... Population Reference Site (PopRefSite) The Population Reference Site (PopRefSite) is the primary data table in establishing plant or animal population sites. The PopRefSite identifies the Population Name, whether it is In situ, Ex situ or Reintro, and provides directions to the site, etc. The PopRef ...
... Population Reference Site (PopRefSite) The Population Reference Site (PopRefSite) is the primary data table in establishing plant or animal population sites. The PopRefSite identifies the Population Name, whether it is In situ, Ex situ or Reintro, and provides directions to the site, etc. The PopRef ...
Document
... discussions among the concerned stakeholders than techniques which propose a single ...
... discussions among the concerned stakeholders than techniques which propose a single ...
Lady beetles as predators of insects other than Hemiptera
... olive trees had recently consumed (i.e., tested positive for proteins of) the pyralid Euzophera pinguis Haworth. PCR methods also can document coccinellid consumption of non-hemipteran insect prey such as eggs (Hoogendoorn and Heimpel, 2001; Greenstone et al., 2007; Weber and Lundgren, in press) tha ...
... olive trees had recently consumed (i.e., tested positive for proteins of) the pyralid Euzophera pinguis Haworth. PCR methods also can document coccinellid consumption of non-hemipteran insect prey such as eggs (Hoogendoorn and Heimpel, 2001; Greenstone et al., 2007; Weber and Lundgren, in press) tha ...
Communities - UNAM Sisal
... hours to many years. This book provides an overview of community patterns and the processes that create them. Like many fields of modern biology, community ecology began as a descriptive science. Early community ecology was preoccupied with identifying and listing the species found in particular loc ...
... hours to many years. This book provides an overview of community patterns and the processes that create them. Like many fields of modern biology, community ecology began as a descriptive science. Early community ecology was preoccupied with identifying and listing the species found in particular loc ...
Cougar Prey Selection in a White-Tailed Deer and Mule
... USA. We hypothesized that cougars select for and disproportionately prey on mule deer in such multiple-prey communities. We estimated relative annual and seasonal prey abundance (prey availability) and documented 60 cougar kills (prey usage) from 2002 to 2004. White-tailed deer and mule deer compris ...
... USA. We hypothesized that cougars select for and disproportionately prey on mule deer in such multiple-prey communities. We estimated relative annual and seasonal prey abundance (prey availability) and documented 60 cougar kills (prey usage) from 2002 to 2004. White-tailed deer and mule deer compris ...
(2007). Targets for ecosystem repair in riparian ecosystems
... In all biomes, riparian ecosystems were generally found to have high ecological resilience to invasion by alien plants, except in some situations of closed alien stands (75-100% canopy cover). This means that where alien invasion is the only (or major) disturbance at a site, and invasion intensity i ...
... In all biomes, riparian ecosystems were generally found to have high ecological resilience to invasion by alien plants, except in some situations of closed alien stands (75-100% canopy cover). This means that where alien invasion is the only (or major) disturbance at a site, and invasion intensity i ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.