
Human-modified ecosystems and future evolution
... most ancient and persistent signature. Great Lakes fishery and New Brunswick forestry practices, for example, select large species because of their high price per unit mass. Overharvested species of trees and fish are further stressed by pesticides, acid rain, chemicals, and introduced species, caus ...
... most ancient and persistent signature. Great Lakes fishery and New Brunswick forestry practices, for example, select large species because of their high price per unit mass. Overharvested species of trees and fish are further stressed by pesticides, acid rain, chemicals, and introduced species, caus ...
File - Nevada Challenger
... highlighting the connections between organisms and networks that range from microscopic to global in scale. The show takes less than an hour, and during that time, you will explore systems ranging from the microscopic process of fungal hyphae exchanging nutrients with a tree’s roots to the global mi ...
... highlighting the connections between organisms and networks that range from microscopic to global in scale. The show takes less than an hour, and during that time, you will explore systems ranging from the microscopic process of fungal hyphae exchanging nutrients with a tree’s roots to the global mi ...
Skabelon
... - To assess the biological and economic effects of an age-structure model approach, compared to a “traditional” approach. ...
... - To assess the biological and economic effects of an age-structure model approach, compared to a “traditional” approach. ...
Biological Stoichiometry: A Chemical Bridge between Ecosystem
... landscape is now shifting away from a tense stand-off between ecosystem and evolutionary perspectives. Ecosystems are no longer seen as distinct “quasi-organismal” entities but instead are viewed more as complex adaptive systems composed of a multitude of independent but interacting entities, both l ...
... landscape is now shifting away from a tense stand-off between ecosystem and evolutionary perspectives. Ecosystems are no longer seen as distinct “quasi-organismal” entities but instead are viewed more as complex adaptive systems composed of a multitude of independent but interacting entities, both l ...
Population size
... areas they inhabit • Ecosystem = communities and the nonliving material and forces they interact with • Community = interacting species that live in the same area ...
... areas they inhabit • Ecosystem = communities and the nonliving material and forces they interact with • Community = interacting species that live in the same area ...
Ecology and ecosystems: the here and now Feedback loops
... • Organisms die, this leads to high bacterial populations (decomposers) which deplete oxygen • This leads to more death • Stratification and oxygen depletion on the bottom • Can affect all trophic levels, but it takes time ...
... • Organisms die, this leads to high bacterial populations (decomposers) which deplete oxygen • This leads to more death • Stratification and oxygen depletion on the bottom • Can affect all trophic levels, but it takes time ...
Community Ecology Community - a group of species that live and
... species live together in an area? Why don’t other species live among them? How do species interact? What are the results of their interactions? Properties of individual species determine where each species can live. Interactions between species may restrict where each species is found. The full rang ...
... species live together in an area? Why don’t other species live among them? How do species interact? What are the results of their interactions? Properties of individual species determine where each species can live. Interactions between species may restrict where each species is found. The full rang ...
Developing Ecological Criteria for Sustainable Water Management
... which can be difficult to manage directly, to streamflow conditions, which can be managed through water-use strategies and policies. In practice these relationships are framed as hypotheses backed by quantitative data and/or qualitative information from relevant experts. Concurrent hydrologic, ecolo ...
... which can be difficult to manage directly, to streamflow conditions, which can be managed through water-use strategies and policies. In practice these relationships are framed as hypotheses backed by quantitative data and/or qualitative information from relevant experts. Concurrent hydrologic, ecolo ...
paper - Jordi Bascompte
... been shown theoretically30,31 that interaction plasticity increases persistence. We do not know, however, if interaction plasticity is constant across sites. Therefore, we decided not to consider diet shifts and to use a model that is more grounded in the food web modelling tradition. Also, although ...
... been shown theoretically30,31 that interaction plasticity increases persistence. We do not know, however, if interaction plasticity is constant across sites. Therefore, we decided not to consider diet shifts and to use a model that is more grounded in the food web modelling tradition. Also, although ...
ecosystem pres
... • This will put it in competition with other species for their niches. – This competition can affect the stability of an ecosystem. ...
... • This will put it in competition with other species for their niches. – This competition can affect the stability of an ecosystem. ...
Diversity, Rainforests and extinctions
... rates and low natural mortality Fast-reproducing species that have many young at frequent intervals and high natural mortality rates tend to be more resilient to population losses and recover quickly if their habitat has not been destroyed. Not all vertebrates fall easily into these categories, but ...
... rates and low natural mortality Fast-reproducing species that have many young at frequent intervals and high natural mortality rates tend to be more resilient to population losses and recover quickly if their habitat has not been destroyed. Not all vertebrates fall easily into these categories, but ...
The interaction between predation and competition
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
... Vol 456 | 13 November 2008 | doi:10.1038/nature07248 ...
Natural Selection - Ms Williams
... - Water temperature, salinity, prey • Species survival depends on having suitable habitat © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... - Water temperature, salinity, prey • Species survival depends on having suitable habitat © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
The Ecological Footprint of Mauritius
... increasing more than six-fold over the last 40 years. One qualification, however, is that not all countries in the world are living beyond their share of the Earth’s natural capital. The main culprits have been the developed countries, since there is a positive relationship between economic activity ...
... increasing more than six-fold over the last 40 years. One qualification, however, is that not all countries in the world are living beyond their share of the Earth’s natural capital. The main culprits have been the developed countries, since there is a positive relationship between economic activity ...
Study Guide - KSU Web Home
... - Water temperature, salinity, prey • Species survival depends on having suitable habitat © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... - Water temperature, salinity, prey • Species survival depends on having suitable habitat © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
ecology power point presentation
... Natural systems have been upset because humans have not realized that they not only influence other individuals, other species, and their nonliving world, but are, in turn, influenced by them. Although most ecosystems are capable of recovering from impact of minor disruptions, human activities have ...
... Natural systems have been upset because humans have not realized that they not only influence other individuals, other species, and their nonliving world, but are, in turn, influenced by them. Although most ecosystems are capable of recovering from impact of minor disruptions, human activities have ...
A review of important concepts in the trophic organization of pelagic
... carnivore. Changes in the size composition of the plankton from a Pseudocalanus dominated system to one dominated by Calanus have also markedly affected growth and recruitment in the North Sea herring fishery (Cushing, 1975). Clearly, not all fish selectively feed on the largest of all available pre ...
... carnivore. Changes in the size composition of the plankton from a Pseudocalanus dominated system to one dominated by Calanus have also markedly affected growth and recruitment in the North Sea herring fishery (Cushing, 1975). Clearly, not all fish selectively feed on the largest of all available pre ...
Advective supply and loss of
... horizontal freshwater fluxes modify the onset of stratification and subsequent primary production in the GOM and SF? • What is the relationship between stratification and the strength and timing of copepod food limitation? • How does the timing and location of the winter bloom over the GOM affect th ...
... horizontal freshwater fluxes modify the onset of stratification and subsequent primary production in the GOM and SF? • What is the relationship between stratification and the strength and timing of copepod food limitation? • How does the timing and location of the winter bloom over the GOM affect th ...
INTERNATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR THE Species name
... impacts on a biogeographical population level (e.g. in Europe). National experts will be required to think about how correctly the problem tree reflects the specific situation for the species in their own country. They should bear in mind that there might be differences between regions and countries ...
... impacts on a biogeographical population level (e.g. in Europe). National experts will be required to think about how correctly the problem tree reflects the specific situation for the species in their own country. They should bear in mind that there might be differences between regions and countries ...
Sandwich Terns - Deltares Public Wiki
... consists almost entirely of fish. In the Netherlands this is mainly Clupeidae (herring Clupea harengus and sprat Sprattus sprattus) and Ammodytidae (sandeel, Ammodytes tobianus and greater sandeel, Hyperoplus lanceolatus) (Veen, 1977; Stienen & Brenninkmeijer, 1998; Stienen et al., 2000). This restr ...
... consists almost entirely of fish. In the Netherlands this is mainly Clupeidae (herring Clupea harengus and sprat Sprattus sprattus) and Ammodytidae (sandeel, Ammodytes tobianus and greater sandeel, Hyperoplus lanceolatus) (Veen, 1977; Stienen & Brenninkmeijer, 1998; Stienen et al., 2000). This restr ...
Theoretical ecology

Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.