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AP Biology Syllabus
AP Biology Syllabus

... Exploring life from the microscopic to the global scale across its great diversity of species, we find that biological systems are much more than the sum of their parts. Relying on a set of themes that connect the concepts of biology, we will use various forms of inquiry in our exploration. Evolutio ...
Aquatic Food Web Interactions - Association for Biology Laboratory
Aquatic Food Web Interactions - Association for Biology Laboratory

... production may even reach levels set by the availability of resources for photosynthesis (Figure 15.1a) if herbivore levels are reduced enough by predators. In the 3-trophic level community, predator biomass is determined by the abundance of herbivores as prey. Note that the HSS view of the world re ...
Barred galaxias
Barred galaxias

... is the major threat to the Barred galaxias. Following the invasion of trout, the species has been eliminated from streams where it was formerly abundant. It has been recorded in gut samples of trout captured in Barred galaxias habitat, and juvenile galaxias are the most severely impacted by predatio ...
chapter 9
chapter 9

... a. Forest fires or deforestation, for example, can convert a particular stage of succession to an earlier stage. b. Changes in vegetation during secondary succession also change the numbers and types of animals and decomposers. B. The classic view of ecological succession is that it is an orderly se ...
Revista de Biologia Tropical
Revista de Biologia Tropical

Casyopée
Casyopée

... • Compatibility with institutional demand • Process of learning designed through a careful choice of mathematical tasks, with an adidactical potential • But the teacher's actions and role escapes the PP’s design ...
Climate Change Paper, Eng102 Spring `16, Zachery Berry
Climate Change Paper, Eng102 Spring `16, Zachery Berry

... When all is said and done, the home is what one runs to. What if the home that has always been known, for years, is entirely different than remembered? Kalokol, Kenya, is one such a place. Once known as the “cradle of mankind”, it is suffering from increasing heat and a lengthening drought. For thos ...
variety of life, adaptation and competition
variety of life, adaptation and competition

... As the concentration of sewage pollution rises, the population of bacteria rises.  This is because the bacteria feed off the sewage which provides raw materials and energy for growth and reproduction.  At the same time the concentration of oxygen falls.  This is because the bacteria use up the ...
Physalia physalis (Portuguese Man o`War)
Physalia physalis (Portuguese Man o`War)

... Generally, colonies are prevalent in warm subtropical and tropical waters of the Gulf Stream, Gulf of Mexico, Indian Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic coast, the Sargasso Sea and other regions of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. HABITAT AND ACTIVITY. Physalia physalis is a pelagic organism with no mean ...
The BBVA Foundation Award for Scientific Research in Ecology and
The BBVA Foundation Award for Scientific Research in Ecology and

... of invasive species, along with their invaluable work in the search for strategies to halt this loss. In the last 50 years, human beings have transformed their environment with greater speed and intensity than at any other time in history. Scientists estimate that 60% of the services supplied by eco ...
Biology 103 - Radford University
Biology 103 - Radford University

... Assessing Biological Diversity An Exercise in Community Ecology Note: A calculator will be needed for this lab exercise. ...
5.1.1 Relationships
5.1.1 Relationships

... benefit from the association are mutualistic. Reef-building corals have symbiotic algae within their tissues which provide the yellow-brown pigments that give the coral its colour. The algae live, reproduce and photosynthesise in the host and use the waste products of the host. In turn, the coral us ...
5.1.1 Relationships
5.1.1 Relationships

... benefit from the association are mutualistic. Reef-building corals have symbiotic algae within their tissues which provide the yellow-brown pigments that give the coral its colour. The algae live, reproduce and photosynthesise in the host and use the waste products of the host. In turn, the coral us ...
concepts-of-biology
concepts-of-biology

... happen to fall in favorable environments. A clumped distribution, may be seen in plants that drop their seeds straight to the ground, such as oak trees; it can also be seen in animals that live in social groups (schools of fish or herds of elephants). Uniform distribution is observed in plants that ...
Invasive species - Chris Elphick
Invasive species - Chris Elphick

... For example, invasive species can affect other species by preying upon them, by out-competing them, by causing disease, etc. They also can have effects indirectly, e.g., by altering the way in which the ecosystem functions. For example, beavers have been introduced into southern Chile – what kind of ...
Life History Analyses
Life History Analyses

... Even in organisms without abrupt shifts between life stages, different sized and aged individuals may have very different ecological roles. A size- or stage-specific ecological role has been called an ontogenetic niche (個體發育區位) by Werner and Gilliam ...
Food chain and food web
Food chain and food web

... Many will eat eggs from other animals. ...
Ecology Introduction
Ecology Introduction

Research line: Discovery and characterization of new
Research line: Discovery and characterization of new

... Discovery and characterization of new bioactive compounds produced by cyanobacteria and planctomycetes with ecological, pharmaceutical or other industrial applications i) Ecological impact of bioactive substances produced by cyanobacteria. Potential use of cyanobacteria metabolites on the evolution ...
A2314 - ICES
A2314 - ICES

... molecular analysis of fish gut contents and predation experiments using Sparus aurata. The results of this study show that the dynamics of the species is mainly shaped by temperature, while the benthic phase further benefits from habitat modification. In situ, Sarpa salpa was confirmed as a predator ...
Chapter 5 Populations
Chapter 5 Populations

... • When populations become crowded, organisms compete for food, water space, sunlight and other essentials. • Competition among members of the same species is a density-dependent limiting factor. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Scale and species numbers
Scale and species numbers

... authors have explored models of species diversity that incorporate a minimum number of biological processes. For example, global biota was constructed by randomly choosing the latitudinal midpoints and ranges of a set of simulated distributions, subject to the constraint that there is a hard latitud ...
ica 3 predation group
ica 3 predation group

... Increases distance predator first seen; lowers probability of being attacked. 4. Figure 2A. How can the ‘induced defense hypothesis’ be tested? Compare thickness of shell when mussels are grown in sea water with and without their predator, the crab. Figure 2B. What is the independent variable? prese ...
Godfrey SCJ, Lawton JH, 2001. Scale and species
Godfrey SCJ, Lawton JH, 2001. Scale and species

... authors have explored models of species diversity that incorporate a minimum number of biological processes. For example, global biota was constructed by randomly choosing the latitudinal midpoints and ranges of a set of simulated distributions, subject to the constraint that there is a hard latitud ...
Forage Panel Discussion - Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council
Forage Panel Discussion - Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council

... 1. Forage/low trophic level species considerations 2. Species interactions (predation, competition) and their effects on sustainable harvest policy 3. Incorporation of social and economic considerations in OY specifications/EAFM ...
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Theoretical ecology



Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.
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