Chapter 7 Body Systems
... Glucose can be burned and used immediately as fuel for energy, stored as glycogen ( primarily in the liver and skeletal muscle), and burned as fuel at a later time, or stored as fat and burned as fuel at a later time. Glucose can be catabolized anaerobically and aerobically. Anaerobically, glucose i ...
... Glucose can be burned and used immediately as fuel for energy, stored as glycogen ( primarily in the liver and skeletal muscle), and burned as fuel at a later time, or stored as fat and burned as fuel at a later time. Glucose can be catabolized anaerobically and aerobically. Anaerobically, glucose i ...
Lecture content: How do amino acids differ from carbohydrates and
... 1. How is the NH3-group separated from the carbon ”skeleton” of the amino acid? 2. How is ammonia converted to urea? 3. What happens with the carbon ”skeleton”? ...
... 1. How is the NH3-group separated from the carbon ”skeleton” of the amino acid? 2. How is ammonia converted to urea? 3. What happens with the carbon ”skeleton”? ...
Slide 1
... • Amphipathic cpds in aqueous soln. • Fatty acids have very long hydrophobic alkyl chains that are surrounded by a layer of water molecules. • By clustering together as micelles the FA expose smallest possible hydrophobic surface area to water. ...
... • Amphipathic cpds in aqueous soln. • Fatty acids have very long hydrophobic alkyl chains that are surrounded by a layer of water molecules. • By clustering together as micelles the FA expose smallest possible hydrophobic surface area to water. ...
Answer Set 2
... GG16-13. Energy (or work) = force x distance; rearranging, force = energy/distance. If one ATP is hydrolyzed per step and the available energy of hydrolysis, ΔG’ is assumed to be -50 kJ/mol (= 50,000/6 x 1023 = 8.3 x 10-20 J/molecule), then available force = 8.3 x 10-20 J/step size. Note that 1 J = ...
... GG16-13. Energy (or work) = force x distance; rearranging, force = energy/distance. If one ATP is hydrolyzed per step and the available energy of hydrolysis, ΔG’ is assumed to be -50 kJ/mol (= 50,000/6 x 1023 = 8.3 x 10-20 J/molecule), then available force = 8.3 x 10-20 J/step size. Note that 1 J = ...
NME2.29 - Fat and Carbohydrate Metabolism 2
... Pyruvate carboxylase is a crucial enzymes in gluconeogenesis Defects in fatty acid oxidation may reduce production of acetyl-CoA and hence inhibit gluconeogenesis If the body cannot synthesise glucose ‘on demand’ during fasting then hypoglycaemia ensues ...
... Pyruvate carboxylase is a crucial enzymes in gluconeogenesis Defects in fatty acid oxidation may reduce production of acetyl-CoA and hence inhibit gluconeogenesis If the body cannot synthesise glucose ‘on demand’ during fasting then hypoglycaemia ensues ...
1-2.02 test study guide
... 13.What is the main source of energy for all living things? 14.What are the functions of proteins? 15.Who was the first person to see the cell? 16.What did schleiden and Schwann tell us? 17.What are the 3 principals of the cell theory 18.What does the cell theory apply to? 19.What is the difference ...
... 13.What is the main source of energy for all living things? 14.What are the functions of proteins? 15.Who was the first person to see the cell? 16.What did schleiden and Schwann tell us? 17.What are the 3 principals of the cell theory 18.What does the cell theory apply to? 19.What is the difference ...
CHAPTERS 19 AND 20
... – Proteins are too large to pass through cell membranes and are contained inside the normal cells, when trauma or disease damage the cell membrane the proteins leak out, when protein is found in the urine, this indicates kidney damage ...
... – Proteins are too large to pass through cell membranes and are contained inside the normal cells, when trauma or disease damage the cell membrane the proteins leak out, when protein is found in the urine, this indicates kidney damage ...
скачати - ua
... Under anaerobic conditions, the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid can be routed by the organism into one of three pathways: lactic acid fermentation, alcohol fermentation, or cellular (anaerobic) respiration. Humans cannot ferment alcohol in their own bodies, we lack the genetic information to do so. ...
... Under anaerobic conditions, the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid can be routed by the organism into one of three pathways: lactic acid fermentation, alcohol fermentation, or cellular (anaerobic) respiration. Humans cannot ferment alcohol in their own bodies, we lack the genetic information to do so. ...
Cell Metabolism - Florida International University
... Reactions take place at a certain rate. The body carefully controls the rate of metabolic reactions. Rate of reactions can be changed by using catalysts. 1) Catalysts speed up the rate of metabolic reactions. 2) Enzymes are catalysts for the body. ...
... Reactions take place at a certain rate. The body carefully controls the rate of metabolic reactions. Rate of reactions can be changed by using catalysts. 1) Catalysts speed up the rate of metabolic reactions. 2) Enzymes are catalysts for the body. ...
Levels of Organization
... The cornerstone of modern biology is evolutionary theory For example, it predicts and explains… ...
... The cornerstone of modern biology is evolutionary theory For example, it predicts and explains… ...
Bio150 Practice Exam 2 Name
... B) Kinetic energy; potential energy 9. ATP contains A) one phosphate group B) two phosphate groups C) three phosphate groups D) four phosphate groups 10. Most of a cell's enzymes are A) lipids. B) proteins. C) amino acids. D) nucleic acids. E) carbohydrates. 11. In cellular respiration, _________ is ...
... B) Kinetic energy; potential energy 9. ATP contains A) one phosphate group B) two phosphate groups C) three phosphate groups D) four phosphate groups 10. Most of a cell's enzymes are A) lipids. B) proteins. C) amino acids. D) nucleic acids. E) carbohydrates. 11. In cellular respiration, _________ is ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... to keep glycolysis going under these conditions. 5. In microorganisms, pyruvate is converted to ethanol during anaerobic conditions for the same reasons lactate is made in animals - because it creates NAD+ needed to keep glycolysis going when oxygen concentration is low. 6. Conversion of pyruvate to ...
... to keep glycolysis going under these conditions. 5. In microorganisms, pyruvate is converted to ethanol during anaerobic conditions for the same reasons lactate is made in animals - because it creates NAD+ needed to keep glycolysis going when oxygen concentration is low. 6. Conversion of pyruvate to ...
Test # 1
... Concerning the biosynthesis of urea by mammalian liver, each of the following statements is correct EXCEPT A. The first nitrogen atom entering the urea cycle does so in the form of carbamoyl phosphate. B. The second nitrogen atom entering the urea cycle is supplied by the amino group of aspartate. C ...
... Concerning the biosynthesis of urea by mammalian liver, each of the following statements is correct EXCEPT A. The first nitrogen atom entering the urea cycle does so in the form of carbamoyl phosphate. B. The second nitrogen atom entering the urea cycle is supplied by the amino group of aspartate. C ...
AP Biology Study Guide
... Chemistry Types of macromolecules, their structures, and functions: lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins Water and its unique properties Types of bonds Enzyme structure and function; different types of enzymes, factors that affect enzyme function Metabolism: catabolic vs. anaboli ...
... Chemistry Types of macromolecules, their structures, and functions: lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins Water and its unique properties Types of bonds Enzyme structure and function; different types of enzymes, factors that affect enzyme function Metabolism: catabolic vs. anaboli ...
7.013 Problem Set 1 - MIT OpenCourseWare
... a) With the exception of germ cells, the nucleus of all somatic cells in your body carries two copies of each DNA segment or chromosome, which together make your genome. To fit the entire DNA into a tiny nucleus, the chromosomes are highly compacted through a variety of mechanisms. If however, they ...
... a) With the exception of germ cells, the nucleus of all somatic cells in your body carries two copies of each DNA segment or chromosome, which together make your genome. To fit the entire DNA into a tiny nucleus, the chromosomes are highly compacted through a variety of mechanisms. If however, they ...
Biological Molecules Concept Map
... Map reads smoothly and Map reads smoothly and logically in all places and logically most of the it reads from general to time and it reads from more specific. The map general to more specific. ...
... Map reads smoothly and Map reads smoothly and logically in all places and logically most of the it reads from general to time and it reads from more specific. The map general to more specific. ...
secret codon
... Proteins are long chains of individual amino acid subunits. The order of the amino acids in the chain is determined by the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes for it. DNA is a long chain of four different nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine), often abbreviated A, G, C, and T. Thes ...
... Proteins are long chains of individual amino acid subunits. The order of the amino acids in the chain is determined by the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes for it. DNA is a long chain of four different nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine), often abbreviated A, G, C, and T. Thes ...
Protein Synthesis Bead Activity
... mRNA strand are called a ______________. A codon codes for one ____________________. We need these monomers because we are making _____________________. Now that we have the place to build the protein and the copied instructions on how to make the protein, the parts (amino acids) need to be brought ...
... mRNA strand are called a ______________. A codon codes for one ____________________. We need these monomers because we are making _____________________. Now that we have the place to build the protein and the copied instructions on how to make the protein, the parts (amino acids) need to be brought ...
Classification of Enzymes - Lectures For UG-5
... • Every enzyme code consists of the letters "EC" followed by four numbers separated by periods. Those numbers represent a progressively finer classification of the enzyme. • For example, the tripeptide aminopeptidases have the code "EC 3.4.11.4", whose components indicate the following groups of enz ...
... • Every enzyme code consists of the letters "EC" followed by four numbers separated by periods. Those numbers represent a progressively finer classification of the enzyme. • For example, the tripeptide aminopeptidases have the code "EC 3.4.11.4", whose components indicate the following groups of enz ...
146/18 = 8.1 ATP/carbon Atom. For Lauric acid
... The globins are hydrolyzed to free amino acids that are recycled and the iron is removed from the porphyrin ring and saved in the iron-storage protein, ferritin, for later use. 28.42 Functional groups in biliverdin that are from oxidation: two carbon atoms at the top are oxidized from hydrocarbons t ...
... The globins are hydrolyzed to free amino acids that are recycled and the iron is removed from the porphyrin ring and saved in the iron-storage protein, ferritin, for later use. 28.42 Functional groups in biliverdin that are from oxidation: two carbon atoms at the top are oxidized from hydrocarbons t ...
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.