Figure 1 - ePrints Soton - University of Southampton
... material above the oceanic Moho is commonly referred to as the crust, it does not necessarily comprise solely products of partial melting. The remarkable consistency of seismic velocities in layer 3, the lower oceanic crust, was apparent in early compilations of results from seismic refraction profi ...
... material above the oceanic Moho is commonly referred to as the crust, it does not necessarily comprise solely products of partial melting. The remarkable consistency of seismic velocities in layer 3, the lower oceanic crust, was apparent in early compilations of results from seismic refraction profi ...
seismic performance of double eps geofoam buffer systems
... double EPS geofoam buffer system involves two vertical EPS panels, i.e., one EPS panel placed against the rigid wall face and another EPS panel installed at a specific distance away from the first panel in the backfill soil. Sensitivity analyses of the seismic performance of the double EPS geofoam b ...
... double EPS geofoam buffer system involves two vertical EPS panels, i.e., one EPS panel placed against the rigid wall face and another EPS panel installed at a specific distance away from the first panel in the backfill soil. Sensitivity analyses of the seismic performance of the double EPS geofoam b ...
Melt Generation at Very Slow-Spreading Oceanic Ridges
... as much as 25% of the melt may be trapped down to depths of 10–20 km in the upper mantle under very slowspreading ridges. However, if almost all the melt is extracted efficiently from the mantle under a spreading centre, eventually to freeze to form the crust, then if the seismic thickness is found to ...
... as much as 25% of the melt may be trapped down to depths of 10–20 km in the upper mantle under very slowspreading ridges. However, if almost all the melt is extracted efficiently from the mantle under a spreading centre, eventually to freeze to form the crust, then if the seismic thickness is found to ...
Global scale models of the mantle flow field predicted by synthetic
... consensus on how to apply a pressure-dependence to the relationship over the depth of the mantle (e.g., Chopelas, 1992; Karato, 1993; Karato and Karki, 2001; Cammarano et al., 2003). Accordingly, most studies use constant values of the velocity–density relationship as a function of depth. One key is ...
... consensus on how to apply a pressure-dependence to the relationship over the depth of the mantle (e.g., Chopelas, 1992; Karato, 1993; Karato and Karki, 2001; Cammarano et al., 2003). Accordingly, most studies use constant values of the velocity–density relationship as a function of depth. One key is ...
Characterizing the Main Himalayan Thrust in the Garhwal Himalaya
... (velocity decreasing downward) for the upper flat, located beneath the Lower Himalaya, and a positive impedance contrast (velocity increasing downward) for the ramp, located beneath the surface trace of the Munsiari Thrust (or MCT-I). At the lower flat, located beneath the Higher Himalaya, spatially c ...
... (velocity decreasing downward) for the upper flat, located beneath the Lower Himalaya, and a positive impedance contrast (velocity increasing downward) for the ramp, located beneath the surface trace of the Munsiari Thrust (or MCT-I). At the lower flat, located beneath the Higher Himalaya, spatially c ...
The Moho - EarthByte
... (A. Goncharov), [email protected] (R.D. Müller). 0040-1951/$ – see front matter © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.03.001 ...
... (A. Goncharov), [email protected] (R.D. Müller). 0040-1951/$ – see front matter © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.03.001 ...
Seimic analysis of Carboniferous rift basin and Triassic growth
... Trough in Sassenfjorden-Tempelfjorden and from Reindalen, focus on the rift infill with associated wedge and lenticular shaped depocenter geometries. The two fundamental geometries are identified by either variable fault truncation of the wedge-shaped basin fill (fault onlap relationship) or fault-t ...
... Trough in Sassenfjorden-Tempelfjorden and from Reindalen, focus on the rift infill with associated wedge and lenticular shaped depocenter geometries. The two fundamental geometries are identified by either variable fault truncation of the wedge-shaped basin fill (fault onlap relationship) or fault-t ...
Geophysical Constraints on Mantle Composition
... inferred for particular regions within the Earth to the values measured in the laboratory for particular minerals or mineral assemblages, with such comparisons being made under comparable regimes of pressure (P) and temperature (T). The primary parameters of interest, then, are the compressional (or ...
... inferred for particular regions within the Earth to the values measured in the laboratory for particular minerals or mineral assemblages, with such comparisons being made under comparable regimes of pressure (P) and temperature (T). The primary parameters of interest, then, are the compressional (or ...
Seismic Anisotropy of Subduction Zone Minerals–Contribution of
... the Earth’s interior and release it with dramatic local consequences, triggering earthquakes and melting. The seismological detection of these hydrous phases and geodynamic interpretation of flow in the hydrous mantle depend on knowledge of the anisotropic elastic properties and the characteristics ...
... the Earth’s interior and release it with dramatic local consequences, triggering earthquakes and melting. The seismological detection of these hydrous phases and geodynamic interpretation of flow in the hydrous mantle depend on knowledge of the anisotropic elastic properties and the characteristics ...
Target-oriented full waveform inversion of seismic data
... Imaging does a good job at using seismic data to learn about the subsurface, but doesn’t use all the information that is contained in the seismic data. The amplitude of reflected sound in the subsurface is a function of contrasts in material properties; propagation speed of pressure waves (vp ), prop ...
... Imaging does a good job at using seismic data to learn about the subsurface, but doesn’t use all the information that is contained in the seismic data. The amplitude of reflected sound in the subsurface is a function of contrasts in material properties; propagation speed of pressure waves (vp ), prop ...
S-Velocity Structure of the Upper Mantle
... the energy at the mini-array. Local phase-velocity results from all events for a single station are averaged to produce the map shown in figure 1a. Our second method is based on the difference in phase anomaly between two stations that record the same event and lie roughly along the same great-circl ...
... the energy at the mini-array. Local phase-velocity results from all events for a single station are averaged to produce the map shown in figure 1a. Our second method is based on the difference in phase anomaly between two stations that record the same event and lie roughly along the same great-circl ...
Elastic Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Media: Migration
... Next, we derive analytical expressions for the traveltime-offset curves for multilayered, weakly azimuthally isotropic and anisotropic media in terms of the elastic properties of each layer. This method is based upon an approximate skewed hyperbolic moveout formula involving three measured bulk vel ...
... Next, we derive analytical expressions for the traveltime-offset curves for multilayered, weakly azimuthally isotropic and anisotropic media in terms of the elastic properties of each layer. This method is based upon an approximate skewed hyperbolic moveout formula involving three measured bulk vel ...
Upper mantle structure of the Saharan Metacraton
... to a depth of 150 km, but this disappears at 200 km depth where much of the Saharan Metacraton is shown as been underlain by velocities equal to PREM. Additionally, the Saharan Metacraton was imaged as underlain by a slightly higher velocity relative to PREM at 100–175 km in Deen et al. (2006) using ...
... to a depth of 150 km, but this disappears at 200 km depth where much of the Saharan Metacraton is shown as been underlain by velocities equal to PREM. Additionally, the Saharan Metacraton was imaged as underlain by a slightly higher velocity relative to PREM at 100–175 km in Deen et al. (2006) using ...
Spatial variation of lithospheric heterogeneity on the globe as revealed... P Mungiya Kubanza, Takeshi Nishimura, and Haruo Sato
... a depth of less than 200 km) determined by Gung and Romanowicz (2004) from surface waveform analyses is also consistent with our results. Since the normalized transverse amplitudes determined by applying a long (30 s) time window indicate spatial variations quite similar to the results obtained with ...
... a depth of less than 200 km) determined by Gung and Romanowicz (2004) from surface waveform analyses is also consistent with our results. Since the normalized transverse amplitudes determined by applying a long (30 s) time window indicate spatial variations quite similar to the results obtained with ...
Crustal structure of the French Guiana margin
... Geophysical data from the Amazon Cone Experiment are used to determine the structure and evolution of the French Guiana and Northeast Brazil continental margin, and to better understand the origin and development of along-margin segmentation. A 427-km-long combined multichannel reflection and wide-a ...
... Geophysical data from the Amazon Cone Experiment are used to determine the structure and evolution of the French Guiana and Northeast Brazil continental margin, and to better understand the origin and development of along-margin segmentation. A 427-km-long combined multichannel reflection and wide-a ...
Depth-varying rupture properties of subduction zone megathrust faults
... motions with spatially varying sliding behavior. The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman (Mw 9.2), 2010 Chile (Mw 8.8), and 2011 Tohoku (Mw 9.0) great earthquakes had similar depth variations in seismic wave radiation across their wide rupture zones – coherent teleseismic short-period radiation preferentially eman ...
... motions with spatially varying sliding behavior. The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman (Mw 9.2), 2010 Chile (Mw 8.8), and 2011 Tohoku (Mw 9.0) great earthquakes had similar depth variations in seismic wave radiation across their wide rupture zones – coherent teleseismic short-period radiation preferentially eman ...
Upper mantle deformation beneath the North American–Pacific plate
... ization on the transverse component, the linear pattern of the particle motion in the horizontal plane after correction, and the size of the 95% confidence region. As SplitLab provides measurements performed with both the rotation‐correlation (RC) method [Bowman and Ando, 1987] and the minimum energ ...
... ization on the transverse component, the linear pattern of the particle motion in the horizontal plane after correction, and the size of the 95% confidence region. As SplitLab provides measurements performed with both the rotation‐correlation (RC) method [Bowman and Ando, 1987] and the minimum energ ...
A glassy Lowermost Outer Core
... The accumulation of seismic data recorded in the Global Seismographic Network (GSN) makes it possible for many discoveries to be made related to the Earth’s inner core. One of these discoveries in recent years is the localized temporal change of the Earth’s inner core surface. The discovery is made ...
... The accumulation of seismic data recorded in the Global Seismographic Network (GSN) makes it possible for many discoveries to be made related to the Earth’s inner core. One of these discoveries in recent years is the localized temporal change of the Earth’s inner core surface. The discovery is made ...
Moho: 100years after Andrija Mohorovi?
... Moho depth is typically 32–45 km depth in the interior of the Arabian plate and more than 50 km below the Zagros mountains. The Dead Sea Transform marks a decrease in Moho depth from almost 40 km beneath the highlands in the east to about 21–23 km under the southeastern Mediterranean Sea with a poss ...
... Moho depth is typically 32–45 km depth in the interior of the Arabian plate and more than 50 km below the Zagros mountains. The Dead Sea Transform marks a decrease in Moho depth from almost 40 km beneath the highlands in the east to about 21–23 km under the southeastern Mediterranean Sea with a poss ...
Directional Variations in Travel-Time Residuals of Teleseismic P
... Qc (S coda waves) in the ⬃east–west direction (Az ⳱ 118⬚) and anisotropy of 4.8 Ⳳ 0.8%. The interpretation is that the preferred orientation of the impedance (qVs) perturbation in the lower crust and most upper mantle is a fracture-related anisotropy and not related to mantle flow. In this article, w ...
... Qc (S coda waves) in the ⬃east–west direction (Az ⳱ 118⬚) and anisotropy of 4.8 Ⳳ 0.8%. The interpretation is that the preferred orientation of the impedance (qVs) perturbation in the lower crust and most upper mantle is a fracture-related anisotropy and not related to mantle flow. In this article, w ...
The Promise of Elastic Anisotropy
... sound waves or acoustic waves, and shear waves are sometimes called S waves.5 The two are recognized as elastic waves. In a given material, compressional waves nearly always travel faster than shear waves. When waves travel in an anisotropic material, they generally travel fastest when their particl ...
... sound waves or acoustic waves, and shear waves are sometimes called S waves.5 The two are recognized as elastic waves. In a given material, compressional waves nearly always travel faster than shear waves. When waves travel in an anisotropic material, they generally travel fastest when their particl ...
Upper mantle and lithospheric heterogeneities in central
... 67◦ (slowness: 6.4 s deg–1 ). This means stretching (or compressing) waveforms for events at larger (or shorter) distances, respectively. In this way, primary P-to-S converted phases are aligned parallel to the P phase and multiple phases can be identified by their slowness difference (not parallel ...
... 67◦ (slowness: 6.4 s deg–1 ). This means stretching (or compressing) waveforms for events at larger (or shorter) distances, respectively. In this way, primary P-to-S converted phases are aligned parallel to the P phase and multiple phases can be identified by their slowness difference (not parallel ...
Seismic-array constraints on a possible plume in the mid
... studies all agree that the north Atlantic at the latitude of Iceland is underlain by a major low-wave-speed anomaly with a strength of a few per cent in the upper mantle. Structure in the lower mantle beneath is radically different, however, and wave speeds there are everywhere within y0.5 per cent ...
... studies all agree that the north Atlantic at the latitude of Iceland is underlain by a major low-wave-speed anomaly with a strength of a few per cent in the upper mantle. Structure in the lower mantle beneath is radically different, however, and wave speeds there are everywhere within y0.5 per cent ...
Modeling and Simulation of Vibration Isolation System for Large
... LIGO, Virgo) have performed scientific observations. However, they had a detection probability of only a few percent per year at best and gravitational waves have not been detected by them yet. More sensitive detectors which are capable of detecting many events per year are necessary. Based on the ex ...
... LIGO, Virgo) have performed scientific observations. However, they had a detection probability of only a few percent per year at best and gravitational waves have not been detected by them yet. More sensitive detectors which are capable of detecting many events per year are necessary. Based on the ex ...
Seismic characterization of kerogen maturity: An example from Bakken shale
... transform to liquid oil. When this transformation happens in a relatively fixed pore space, excess pore pressure is generated. This excess pore pressure also generates microcracks which will act as conduits for the fluids to migrate. The depth of Bakken shale varies from 3000 to 3400m in the study a ...
... transform to liquid oil. When this transformation happens in a relatively fixed pore space, excess pore pressure is generated. This excess pore pressure also generates microcracks which will act as conduits for the fluids to migrate. The depth of Bakken shale varies from 3000 to 3400m in the study a ...
Reflection seismology
Reflection seismology (or seismic reflection) is a method of exploration geophysics that uses the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves. The method requires a controlled seismic source of energy, such as dynamite/Tovex, a specialized air gun or a seismic vibrator, commonly known by the trademark name Vibroseis. Reflection seismology is similar to sonar and echolocation. This article is about surface seismic surveys; for vertical seismic profiles, see VSP.