Theories of the Public Sector
... continue. In contrast to the basic developments models, Wagner’s analysis provided a theory rather then just a description and an economic justification for the predictions. The basis for the theory consisted of three distinct components. Firstly, it was observed that the growth of the economy resul ...
... continue. In contrast to the basic developments models, Wagner’s analysis provided a theory rather then just a description and an economic justification for the predictions. The basis for the theory consisted of three distinct components. Firstly, it was observed that the growth of the economy resul ...
the emerging world order and european change
... mid-1970s. Moreover, the role of London as a cosmopolitan world-city,the axis of the pax britannica is important here, and needs to be understood in Braudellian terms: London markets and their financial centrality were central to the spread and extension of world capitalism, at least since the late ...
... mid-1970s. Moreover, the role of London as a cosmopolitan world-city,the axis of the pax britannica is important here, and needs to be understood in Braudellian terms: London markets and their financial centrality were central to the spread and extension of world capitalism, at least since the late ...
Trade alone is not enough
... expansion of employment and improvement of labour productivity in the economy as a whole. But investment is low and inefficient in the LDCs, the latter because of (i) the weakness of the domestic entrepreneurial class and (ii) the central importance of aid for capital formation. During the period 19 ...
... expansion of employment and improvement of labour productivity in the economy as a whole. But investment is low and inefficient in the LDCs, the latter because of (i) the weakness of the domestic entrepreneurial class and (ii) the central importance of aid for capital formation. During the period 19 ...
![The Nature of Socialism [1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003728690_1-fad0bf8b1581713318fbeab520ab6293-300x300.png)
The Nature of Socialism [1]
... available in the C19th but by the early C20th the existence of very substantial differences in income and wealth both within and between countries were obvious for all to see and socialists argued in favour of a far more equal distribution of income and wealth although there were disputes among soci ...
... available in the C19th but by the early C20th the existence of very substantial differences in income and wealth both within and between countries were obvious for all to see and socialists argued in favour of a far more equal distribution of income and wealth although there were disputes among soci ...
CONFÉRENCE DES NATIONS UNIES SUR
... -2and better understood. Freight transport underpins trade and its competitiveness and is essential for access, connectivity and economic integration at all levels, including national, regional and global. However, there is an untapped potential in the sector, as more value could be derived from fr ...
... -2and better understood. Freight transport underpins trade and its competitiveness and is essential for access, connectivity and economic integration at all levels, including national, regional and global. However, there is an untapped potential in the sector, as more value could be derived from fr ...
Lecture-6
... Mercantilism, which emerged in England in the mid-16th century, asserted that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus, to export more than it imports. Mercantilism advocated government intervention to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade It viewed trade as a zero-sum ...
... Mercantilism, which emerged in England in the mid-16th century, asserted that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus, to export more than it imports. Mercantilism advocated government intervention to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade It viewed trade as a zero-sum ...
Emerging Forces in the Capital Markets
... their openness to the world, they'll continue to be successful in the region. There is confidence in that market." Futures in Brazil On May 22, Manoel Felix Cintra Neto, chairman of the Brazilian Mercantile & Futures Exchange (BM&F), rang the opening bell at the Nasdaq market site in New York's Time ...
... their openness to the world, they'll continue to be successful in the region. There is confidence in that market." Futures in Brazil On May 22, Manoel Felix Cintra Neto, chairman of the Brazilian Mercantile & Futures Exchange (BM&F), rang the opening bell at the Nasdaq market site in New York's Time ...
Real Capitalism: The Idea
... goals without the government getting involved. Capitalism's key early thinker, Scottish political economist Adam Smith, may have wanted economics separated from politics for its own good, but economics is nonetheless entwined with ideas about the individual's place in society. This connection has po ...
... goals without the government getting involved. Capitalism's key early thinker, Scottish political economist Adam Smith, may have wanted economics separated from politics for its own good, but economics is nonetheless entwined with ideas about the individual's place in society. This connection has po ...
Chapter 4
... bodies and/or institutions. Individuals are respected, not seen merely as a means to an end. If the results of the research are positive and beneficial, then taking a flexible approach to applying established guidelines or principles used to achieve them is ethically ...
... bodies and/or institutions. Individuals are respected, not seen merely as a means to an end. If the results of the research are positive and beneficial, then taking a flexible approach to applying established guidelines or principles used to achieve them is ethically ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... achieved through a new bout of wartime inflation. As a result, Brazil entered the postwar period with a virtually clean slate. It was not long before new entry of capital became necessary to finance an ambitious industrialization drive. Brazil, disappointed by the absence of expected large U.S. publ ...
... achieved through a new bout of wartime inflation. As a result, Brazil entered the postwar period with a virtually clean slate. It was not long before new entry of capital became necessary to finance an ambitious industrialization drive. Brazil, disappointed by the absence of expected large U.S. publ ...
CHAPTER 2: AN UNEQUAL WORLD - Indus Valley School of Art
... We have looked at GDP per person as summary measure of how to classify countries in their respective levels of economic development, but we should note that countries have great variations of living standards within them as well as between them. It is very important, especially in view of sustainabl ...
... We have looked at GDP per person as summary measure of how to classify countries in their respective levels of economic development, but we should note that countries have great variations of living standards within them as well as between them. It is very important, especially in view of sustainabl ...
7. Explaining Growth since the Industrial Revolution.
... people in rich and poor economies is seemingly much wider than in the pre-industrial world. In the pre-industrial era the areas with the most favorable demographic factors could attain incomes perhaps four times those with the least favorable demographic regimes. The gap between rich and poor in the ...
... people in rich and poor economies is seemingly much wider than in the pre-industrial world. In the pre-industrial era the areas with the most favorable demographic factors could attain incomes perhaps four times those with the least favorable demographic regimes. The gap between rich and poor in the ...
PDF
... intermediate ones. In general, there is a lack of clarity in both economic and social writings about the hierarchy of objectives, and a lack of distinction between intermediate and final objectives, or rather, too easy an identification of intermediate objectives with final ones on the basis of an i ...
... intermediate ones. In general, there is a lack of clarity in both economic and social writings about the hierarchy of objectives, and a lack of distinction between intermediate and final objectives, or rather, too easy an identification of intermediate objectives with final ones on the basis of an i ...
Utility, Time Preference and Myopia
... These issues are consigned to the realm of the political decision makers. In practice, compensations, other than those entailed in the compulsory purchases of properties, are made very rarely; and the reason for this may be that substantial costs would be involved in making such payments. The Hicks– ...
... These issues are consigned to the realm of the political decision makers. In practice, compensations, other than those entailed in the compulsory purchases of properties, are made very rarely; and the reason for this may be that substantial costs would be involved in making such payments. The Hicks– ...
Binary Economics: The Economic Theory that Gave Rise
... or with borrowed money that is repaid with the earnings of the capital acquired. Because most employees need their current labor earnings to provide for their families' current living expenses, Kelso proposed an approach to capital acquisition that does not require workers to use their current labor ...
... or with borrowed money that is repaid with the earnings of the capital acquired. Because most employees need their current labor earnings to provide for their families' current living expenses, Kelso proposed an approach to capital acquisition that does not require workers to use their current labor ...
Multiple Choice Tutorial Chapter 33 International Trade
... 32. Which of the following is not used as an argument for trade restrictions? a. emerging domestic industries, especially those with economies of scale, could not gain entry in some world markets without protection during the early years b. trade restrictions are required to prevent some countries ...
... 32. Which of the following is not used as an argument for trade restrictions? a. emerging domestic industries, especially those with economies of scale, could not gain entry in some world markets without protection during the early years b. trade restrictions are required to prevent some countries ...
Agricultural Negotiations at the WTO: First, Do No Harm
... succeed in selling (by the amount of the tariff cut). That reduction might or might not be offset by changing world prices. For any crop, there may be many countries, both developed and developing, that can produce at lower costs than those of subsistence farmers elsewhere, due to economies of scale ...
... succeed in selling (by the amount of the tariff cut). That reduction might or might not be offset by changing world prices. For any crop, there may be many countries, both developed and developing, that can produce at lower costs than those of subsistence farmers elsewhere, due to economies of scale ...
- Caribbean Centre for Money and Finance
... diffusion, found that Mexico’s trade with its NAFTA partners had a very large and favourable impact on Mexico’s total factor productivity, whilst trade by Mexico with the OECD economies did not. Schiff and Wang attributed this to both a superior R&D trading relationship and also to the benefits from ...
... diffusion, found that Mexico’s trade with its NAFTA partners had a very large and favourable impact on Mexico’s total factor productivity, whilst trade by Mexico with the OECD economies did not. Schiff and Wang attributed this to both a superior R&D trading relationship and also to the benefits from ...
Emerging Themes in Economic Geography: Outcomes of the
... Variegated markets. We argue for a more nuanced treatment of markets and marketization processes. Since economic sociologists rediscovered the market in the early 1980s, heterodox scholars in economic geography and beyond have focused primarily on product markets. However, there are a variety of mar ...
... Variegated markets. We argue for a more nuanced treatment of markets and marketization processes. Since economic sociologists rediscovered the market in the early 1980s, heterodox scholars in economic geography and beyond have focused primarily on product markets. However, there are a variety of mar ...
Small, So Simple? Complexity in Small Island Developing
... and institutional costs; and d) a wide range of economic challenges. These shared economic characteristics may include the following challenges: limited capacities in the public and private sectors; high volatility in national incomes, high costs of tertiary education and limited opportunities for h ...
... and institutional costs; and d) a wide range of economic challenges. These shared economic characteristics may include the following challenges: limited capacities in the public and private sectors; high volatility in national incomes, high costs of tertiary education and limited opportunities for h ...
Thesis - Amherst College
... can then support through subsidies, licenses, and other policies that reward capital outlays and research aimed at the discovery process. The information effect lies at the core of the current paper. As noted above, much of the economic literature on the topic of interest groups has displayed mixed ...
... can then support through subsidies, licenses, and other policies that reward capital outlays and research aimed at the discovery process. The information effect lies at the core of the current paper. As noted above, much of the economic literature on the topic of interest groups has displayed mixed ...
LINKAGES BETWEEN TRADE, FDI, JOBS, PRODUCTIVITY AND EQUALITY: MYTHS AND EVIDENCE
... internationally competitive sectors). • Social safety nets, conditional cash transfer programs and the like, must be in place. • Over the longer term, policies to support growth have positive interaction (in terms of job creation) in the presence of open trade regimes. These include investments in e ...
... internationally competitive sectors). • Social safety nets, conditional cash transfer programs and the like, must be in place. • Over the longer term, policies to support growth have positive interaction (in terms of job creation) in the presence of open trade regimes. These include investments in e ...
Development economics
Development economics is a branch of economics which deals with economic aspects of the development process in low-income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health and education and workplace conditions, whether through public or private channels.Development economics involves the creation of theories and methods that aid in the determination of policies and practices and can be implemented at either the domestic or international level. This may involve restructuring market incentives or using mathematical methods such as inter-temporal optimization for project analysis, or it may involve a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods.Unlike in many other fields of economics, approaches in development economics may incorporate social and political factors to devise particular plans. Also unlike many other fields of economics, there is no consensus on what students should know. Different approaches may consider the factors that contribute to economic convergence or non-convergence across households, regions, and countries.