Principles of Macroeconomics - Webarchiv ETHZ / Webarchive ETH
... People choose to hold money instead of other assets that offer higher rates of return because money can be used to buy goods and services. The opportunity cost of holding money is the interest that could be earned on interest-earning assets. An increase in the interest rate raises the opportun ...
... People choose to hold money instead of other assets that offer higher rates of return because money can be used to buy goods and services. The opportunity cost of holding money is the interest that could be earned on interest-earning assets. An increase in the interest rate raises the opportun ...
Chapter 33: Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Principles of
... (b) Financial institutions cut back on lending. xi. In The News: What Have We Learned?, P. 734. The Effects of a Shift in Aggregate Supply i. Please note that they keep the LRAS curve constant here although the increase in costs--if long term--could also shift it. ii. A temporary increase in product ...
... (b) Financial institutions cut back on lending. xi. In The News: What Have We Learned?, P. 734. The Effects of a Shift in Aggregate Supply i. Please note that they keep the LRAS curve constant here although the increase in costs--if long term--could also shift it. ii. A temporary increase in product ...
Paper
... even in peripheral countries like Brazil and Argentina arms production and pacific nuclear technology were developed as part of security and development strategy. ...
... even in peripheral countries like Brazil and Argentina arms production and pacific nuclear technology were developed as part of security and development strategy. ...
3. Extension of Meade`s Model and Endogenous Dynamics
... the General Theory in dynamic terms4. Discussions naturally centred on the stability properties of Keynes’s macroeconomic equilibrium. It was quite clear that assuming stable stationary equilibrium implied to admit, because the economy has a natural tendency to reach its equilibrium state, damped cy ...
... the General Theory in dynamic terms4. Discussions naturally centred on the stability properties of Keynes’s macroeconomic equilibrium. It was quite clear that assuming stable stationary equilibrium implied to admit, because the economy has a natural tendency to reach its equilibrium state, damped cy ...
Recent Changes in Europe`s Competitive Landscape. How the
... Tables 3a and 3b show that most differences in growth performance across sectors come from TFP. In the goods sector, TFP growth was positive (except for Italy) during the 2001-2005 period, but weakened during the 2006-2010 period. The biggest decline in goods sector TFP growth occurred in the United ...
... Tables 3a and 3b show that most differences in growth performance across sectors come from TFP. In the goods sector, TFP growth was positive (except for Italy) during the 2001-2005 period, but weakened during the 2006-2010 period. The biggest decline in goods sector TFP growth occurred in the United ...
Setting meaningful investment targets in agricultural R D: Challenges, opportunities, and fiscal realities
... is higher than social rate of return on capital or other opportunities for public investment ‐ more investments will result in more social gains than social costs ■ Failure to maintain on‐farm productivity growth at its historical trends – lost potential is sign of underinvestment ■ Insufficien ...
... is higher than social rate of return on capital or other opportunities for public investment ‐ more investments will result in more social gains than social costs ■ Failure to maintain on‐farm productivity growth at its historical trends – lost potential is sign of underinvestment ■ Insufficien ...
Power Point: Aggregate Supply
... Firms increase both production and prices (to cover increase in costs). ...
... Firms increase both production and prices (to cover increase in costs). ...
File
... 8. In an economy, the government wants to increase aggregate demand by $50 billion at each price level to increase real GDP and reduce unemployment. If the MPS is .4, then it could increase government spending by: A) $10 billion. B) $20 billion. C) $31.25 billion. D) $40.50 billion. 9. In an economy ...
... 8. In an economy, the government wants to increase aggregate demand by $50 billion at each price level to increase real GDP and reduce unemployment. If the MPS is .4, then it could increase government spending by: A) $10 billion. B) $20 billion. C) $31.25 billion. D) $40.50 billion. 9. In an economy ...
Chapter 9 - Patrick M. Crowley
... the introduction of a new product is good for consumers but often bad for incumbent producers, who may be forced out of the market. ...
... the introduction of a new product is good for consumers but often bad for incumbent producers, who may be forced out of the market. ...
TOURISM POLICY AND PLANNING CHAPTER 4
... public, tourist activity has risen from 25 million to around 800 million arrivals (or more) in 2005. International tourism receipts have risen from US $2.1 billion to US $623 billion in 2005’. Indeed, for the most part, shorter working hours, greater individual prosperity, faster and less expensive ...
... public, tourist activity has risen from 25 million to around 800 million arrivals (or more) in 2005. International tourism receipts have risen from US $2.1 billion to US $623 billion in 2005’. Indeed, for the most part, shorter working hours, greater individual prosperity, faster and less expensive ...
Functional Independence Economics Extended High School Content Expectations GRADE 11 (January 2014)
... Generally, suppliers want to sell at a high price and buyers want to buy at a low price. It is this interaction between suppliers and buyers that sets prices. S ...
... Generally, suppliers want to sell at a high price and buyers want to buy at a low price. It is this interaction between suppliers and buyers that sets prices. S ...
Relative growth of the service sector vis a vis the commodity
... The present paper looks at the Indian scenario over three decades up to 2003-04 for which year we had had the last published input-output transactions table (IOTT) for the Indian economy until very recently when the IOTT for the year 2006-07 came to be published by the CSO. Obviously, when we look a ...
... The present paper looks at the Indian scenario over three decades up to 2003-04 for which year we had had the last published input-output transactions table (IOTT) for the Indian economy until very recently when the IOTT for the year 2006-07 came to be published by the CSO. Obviously, when we look a ...
Strategy
... years ago. Nonetheless, local labor productivity remains to be extremely lower than that in Tokyo, which is twice that in some local areas. If this situation continues, they may fall into a vicious cycle of accelerating economic shrinkage. Without the vitalization of local areas, there will be no gr ...
... years ago. Nonetheless, local labor productivity remains to be extremely lower than that in Tokyo, which is twice that in some local areas. If this situation continues, they may fall into a vicious cycle of accelerating economic shrinkage. Without the vitalization of local areas, there will be no gr ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... The economic recovery is gaining ground but challenges remain. Imbalances built up over more than a decade and it will require continued policy action to ensure that Europe returns to stronger but sustainable growth rates and steadily reduces unemployment. A number of imbalances are common to severa ...
... The economic recovery is gaining ground but challenges remain. Imbalances built up over more than a decade and it will require continued policy action to ensure that Europe returns to stronger but sustainable growth rates and steadily reduces unemployment. A number of imbalances are common to severa ...
Rio de Janeiro, March 29, 2004 - Economic Growth and Distribution
... autonomous expenditures under the assumption that potential output itself may be demanddriven. The basic idea is that effective demand may determine the growth rate of potential output through its effects on the capital stock and multifactor productivity.1 If income growth is mainly demand-driven, t ...
... autonomous expenditures under the assumption that potential output itself may be demanddriven. The basic idea is that effective demand may determine the growth rate of potential output through its effects on the capital stock and multifactor productivity.1 If income growth is mainly demand-driven, t ...
Document
... Chapter 17: Unemployment, Inflation, and Growth Problem 1 Productivity is defined as output per worker hour. As can be seen from Box 17.1 in the text, although there is a strong positive trend in productivity, its growth is not constant. Notably, productivity growth slowed between 1974-1994, but spe ...
... Chapter 17: Unemployment, Inflation, and Growth Problem 1 Productivity is defined as output per worker hour. As can be seen from Box 17.1 in the text, although there is a strong positive trend in productivity, its growth is not constant. Notably, productivity growth slowed between 1974-1994, but spe ...
imperatives for caribbean economic growth
... accessing market for new goods and services via EPA Units. Supply and market access constraints should be removed— trading and marketing strategy Strengthen the educational system at the tertiary level to create a pool of skill persons in technical and vocational areas ( the missing middle problem ...
... accessing market for new goods and services via EPA Units. Supply and market access constraints should be removed— trading and marketing strategy Strengthen the educational system at the tertiary level to create a pool of skill persons in technical and vocational areas ( the missing middle problem ...
The goods market Screen 1 In this presentation we take a closer
... Investment or real investment is spending by firms on additions to capital stock (machinery, structures, inventories, etc) with a view to future profits. This is an important definition that should not be confused with financial investment in existing shares and other financial instruments. When peo ...
... Investment or real investment is spending by firms on additions to capital stock (machinery, structures, inventories, etc) with a view to future profits. This is an important definition that should not be confused with financial investment in existing shares and other financial instruments. When peo ...
Corruption's Reflection: Iraq's Shadow Economy; Strategic Insights, v. 6, issue 3
... by the informal economy[16], (b) the difference between actual and expected holding of currency[17], or (c) linkages with the use of physical inputs such as electricity[18]. Data on the Shadow Economy At the present time, the dearth of Iraqi data in each area rules out the use of these methods. In t ...
... by the informal economy[16], (b) the difference between actual and expected holding of currency[17], or (c) linkages with the use of physical inputs such as electricity[18]. Data on the Shadow Economy At the present time, the dearth of Iraqi data in each area rules out the use of these methods. In t ...
A record current account deficit: Causes and implications
... debt. Thus, the current account deficit, representing the shortfall of domestic savings, will be financed by the net importation of foreign savings.6 To better understand this point, consider that when a countrys aggregate demand for goods and services exceeds the aggregate domestic supply, it runs ...
... debt. Thus, the current account deficit, representing the shortfall of domestic savings, will be financed by the net importation of foreign savings.6 To better understand this point, consider that when a countrys aggregate demand for goods and services exceeds the aggregate domestic supply, it runs ...
Document
... Reducing consumption = increasing saving. This extra saving funds the production of investment goods. (More details in the next chapter.) ...
... Reducing consumption = increasing saving. This extra saving funds the production of investment goods. (More details in the next chapter.) ...
1996-36
... simulation. For example, a value of 0.5 implies that Singapore has some influence on world price level and may act as a price setter in world markets. On the other hand, a value of 94.5 is meant to reflect the fact that Singapore is a small country and has no control over world price level. Export p ...
... simulation. For example, a value of 0.5 implies that Singapore has some influence on world price level and may act as a price setter in world markets. On the other hand, a value of 94.5 is meant to reflect the fact that Singapore is a small country and has no control over world price level. Export p ...
Ragnar Nurkse's balanced growth theory
The balanced growth theory is an economic theory pioneered by the economist Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959). The theory hypothesises that the government of any underdeveloped country needs to make large investments in a number of industries simultaneously. This will enlarge the market size, increase productivity, and provide an incentive for the private sector to invest.Nurkse was in favour of attaining balanced growth in both the industrial and agricultural sectors of the economy. He recognised that the expansion and inter-sectoral balance between agriculture and manufacturing is necessary so that each of these sectors provides a market for the products of the other and in turn, supplies the necessary raw materials for the development and growth of the other.Nurkse and Paul Rosenstein-Rodan were the pioneers of balanced growth theory and much of how it is understood today dates back to their work.Nurkse's theory discusses how the poor size of the market in underdeveloped countries perpetuates its underdeveloped state. Nurkse has also clarified the various determinants of the market size and puts primary focus on productivity. According to him, if the productivity levels rise in a less developed country, its market size will expand and thus it can eventually become a developed economy. Apart from this, Nurkse has been nicknamed an export pessimist, as he feels that the finances to make investments in underdeveloped countries must arise from their own domestic territory. No importance should be given to promoting exports.