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The Spanish economic crisis: key factors and
... upturn. The international financial crisis precipitated the correction of the real estate and private-sector debt excesses marking the high-growth phase which preceded the recession. The deterioration of the macroeconomic scenario and, most particularly, in employment bore most adversely on public f ...
... upturn. The international financial crisis precipitated the correction of the real estate and private-sector debt excesses marking the high-growth phase which preceded the recession. The deterioration of the macroeconomic scenario and, most particularly, in employment bore most adversely on public f ...
says the Conference Board of Canada
... While Saskatchewan and Alberta are grappling with weak economies, British Columbia is enjoying a period of strong economic growth. The province did well in 2014 and appears set to lead the country in economic growth this year. In fact, B.C. will be the only province with economic growth surpassing t ...
... While Saskatchewan and Alberta are grappling with weak economies, British Columbia is enjoying a period of strong economic growth. The province did well in 2014 and appears set to lead the country in economic growth this year. In fact, B.C. will be the only province with economic growth surpassing t ...
On National Fiscal Policy and Growth
... constant or increasing returns in the process of accumulating the factors of production; Lucas (1988), and Romer (1989). While exogenous technological change can be ruled out, such models can be viewed as equilibrium models of endogenous technological change in which long-run growth is primarily mot ...
... constant or increasing returns in the process of accumulating the factors of production; Lucas (1988), and Romer (1989). While exogenous technological change can be ruled out, such models can be viewed as equilibrium models of endogenous technological change in which long-run growth is primarily mot ...
Assessment Schedule – 2014
... limitations of using the HDI as a measure of economic growth. ONE limitation is identified and explained to the point where it is clear why this is a limitation – this is the problem, this explains the problem. For example, the HDI uses the $US as a common currency when measuring the GNI per capita. ...
... limitations of using the HDI as a measure of economic growth. ONE limitation is identified and explained to the point where it is clear why this is a limitation – this is the problem, this explains the problem. For example, the HDI uses the $US as a common currency when measuring the GNI per capita. ...
2016 Economics Advanced Higher Finalised Marking
... good or service mandatory (1). This is a bit extreme in the case of public transport and is not likely to be introduced (1). Governments can provide help with the costs of public transport (1). They can give subsidies to the firms to enable them to lower their prices (1) or they can provide the tran ...
... good or service mandatory (1). This is a bit extreme in the case of public transport and is not likely to be introduced (1). Governments can provide help with the costs of public transport (1). They can give subsidies to the firms to enable them to lower their prices (1) or they can provide the tran ...
“Subpar” Recovery - Economic Cycle Research Institute
... checked against the objective historical benchmarks underscored by our work. This is relevant to major developed economies’ central bank policy, including Fed policy, which for years has aimed to pull demand forward from the future by lowering borrowing costs. The question is, to the extent that suc ...
... checked against the objective historical benchmarks underscored by our work. This is relevant to major developed economies’ central bank policy, including Fed policy, which for years has aimed to pull demand forward from the future by lowering borrowing costs. The question is, to the extent that suc ...
Why Are Developing Countries so Slow in Adopting New
... Table 1 presents information and results of the cross‐country regression analysis. The dependent variables are the two indicators of technological innovation, that is, personal computers and internet users, both normalized by population. The explanatory variables are int ...
... Table 1 presents information and results of the cross‐country regression analysis. The dependent variables are the two indicators of technological innovation, that is, personal computers and internet users, both normalized by population. The explanatory variables are int ...
lobbying for the future
... We can no longer rest on our laurels as the United States economy is not growing for the future. We must increase competitive intensity across the economic landscape by reducing government-imposed barriers to entry. III. Sunk cost Behavioral economics teaches us that people rarely respond rationally ...
... We can no longer rest on our laurels as the United States economy is not growing for the future. We must increase competitive intensity across the economic landscape by reducing government-imposed barriers to entry. III. Sunk cost Behavioral economics teaches us that people rarely respond rationally ...
File
... In the income-expenditure model, the level of output in the economy will adjust to equal the level of planned expenditures. This level of output is called equilibrium output. Consumption spending consists of two parts. One part is independent of income, but can be influenced by changes in wealth ...
... In the income-expenditure model, the level of output in the economy will adjust to equal the level of planned expenditures. This level of output is called equilibrium output. Consumption spending consists of two parts. One part is independent of income, but can be influenced by changes in wealth ...
Resource Productivity in Tianjin Based on
... Abstract - 1This paper regards the ecological footprint as the comprehensive indicator of natural resource to Calculation and analysis the resource productivity in Tianjin from 2000 to 2010. The results indicated that the resource productivity generally represented the trend of escalation in Tianjin ...
... Abstract - 1This paper regards the ecological footprint as the comprehensive indicator of natural resource to Calculation and analysis the resource productivity in Tianjin from 2000 to 2010. The results indicated that the resource productivity generally represented the trend of escalation in Tianjin ...
6. External economies and learning by doing
... externalities associated to capital accumulation have indeed the potential to overcome the limitation imposed by diminishing returns, leading to unceasing growth. This avenue was first explored by Marvin Frankel, as early as in 1962. The aim of Frankel was to conciliate the convenient properties of ...
... externalities associated to capital accumulation have indeed the potential to overcome the limitation imposed by diminishing returns, leading to unceasing growth. This avenue was first explored by Marvin Frankel, as early as in 1962. The aim of Frankel was to conciliate the convenient properties of ...
LIVE: ECONOMIC PURSUITS AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
... near Port Elizabeth, taken into a new special economic zones framework. This envisages zones including free ports, free trade zones, and sector development zones. A special corporate tax rate of 15% is proposed, well below the 28% currently applied. There was, however, a concern that the incentive w ...
... near Port Elizabeth, taken into a new special economic zones framework. This envisages zones including free ports, free trade zones, and sector development zones. A special corporate tax rate of 15% is proposed, well below the 28% currently applied. There was, however, a concern that the incentive w ...
STIMULATING INCOME GENERATION FOR THE POPULATION IN UZBEKISTAN: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
... indirectly influence primary sources of income. Tax increases reduce disposable incomes and negatively affect aggregate demands, gross national product and growth factors. On the other hand, Government revenues go up, and greater State spending increases aggregate demand and stimulates the economy. ...
... indirectly influence primary sources of income. Tax increases reduce disposable incomes and negatively affect aggregate demands, gross national product and growth factors. On the other hand, Government revenues go up, and greater State spending increases aggregate demand and stimulates the economy. ...
Timmons Cartels and Their Consequences MWPSA 2006
... invariably embedded in the broader social and political context. Understanding specifically how this context (and which elements of it) explain market structure is crucial because market structure itself, specifically the level of competition, has been linked to economic growth rates, price levels a ...
... invariably embedded in the broader social and political context. Understanding specifically how this context (and which elements of it) explain market structure is crucial because market structure itself, specifically the level of competition, has been linked to economic growth rates, price levels a ...
Economics: Principles, Applications, and Tools, 5th ed.
... • An increase in taxes will shift the aggregate demand curve to the left. Between 1997 and 1998, the price of oil on the world market fell from $22 a barrel to less than $13 a barrel. The result: gasoline prices were lower than they had been in over 50 years. In 2005, oil prices shot up to $60 a bar ...
... • An increase in taxes will shift the aggregate demand curve to the left. Between 1997 and 1998, the price of oil on the world market fell from $22 a barrel to less than $13 a barrel. The result: gasoline prices were lower than they had been in over 50 years. In 2005, oil prices shot up to $60 a bar ...
Fiscal Lessons for Developed Countries
... sector, and there is no return to leveraged consumption, there would be permanent demand retrenchment in advanced economies. • Rebalancing of the global economy would then be necessary to return to former levels of growth: Bretton Woods III • Rebalancing would hasten global per capita income converg ...
... sector, and there is no return to leveraged consumption, there would be permanent demand retrenchment in advanced economies. • Rebalancing of the global economy would then be necessary to return to former levels of growth: Bretton Woods III • Rebalancing would hasten global per capita income converg ...
PDF
... employed by most farmers remain rudimentary. Intermediate inputs account for less than 13 percent of total costs in agriculture, while value added accounts for more than 87 percent. In addition, almost 90 percent of total value added in agriculture is generated by labour inputs (not tabulated). Acco ...
... employed by most farmers remain rudimentary. Intermediate inputs account for less than 13 percent of total costs in agriculture, while value added accounts for more than 87 percent. In addition, almost 90 percent of total value added in agriculture is generated by labour inputs (not tabulated). Acco ...
Skill Formation and the Knowledge Economy: Some Issues and
... Globalization has led most economies to further invest in human capital and intensified their economic policy towards skill formation. Skill formation has become an important impetus for greater innovation in view of shorter product cycles. Knowledge must be developed and skills must be enhanced and ...
... Globalization has led most economies to further invest in human capital and intensified their economic policy towards skill formation. Skill formation has become an important impetus for greater innovation in view of shorter product cycles. Knowledge must be developed and skills must be enhanced and ...
No Slide Title - Cass Business School
... spending is a function of household incomes, but household incomes are themselves affected by consumer spending! (the circular flow of income) • The result is that a small change in one part of our model (eg. I, G, or the MPC) can have a large impact on GDP by the time the economy has reached a new ...
... spending is a function of household incomes, but household incomes are themselves affected by consumer spending! (the circular flow of income) • The result is that a small change in one part of our model (eg. I, G, or the MPC) can have a large impact on GDP by the time the economy has reached a new ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE GAINS FROM FISCAL COOPERATION Stephen J. Turnovsky
... expenditure and private expenditure on that good to the relative price, namely unity. But in the present two-commodity world, the change in government expenditure on good x say, induces a change in the relative price of good x to good y. This causes further substitution between the two private goods ...
... expenditure and private expenditure on that good to the relative price, namely unity. But in the present two-commodity world, the change in government expenditure on good x say, induces a change in the relative price of good x to good y. This causes further substitution between the two private goods ...
Ragnar Nurkse's balanced growth theory
The balanced growth theory is an economic theory pioneered by the economist Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959). The theory hypothesises that the government of any underdeveloped country needs to make large investments in a number of industries simultaneously. This will enlarge the market size, increase productivity, and provide an incentive for the private sector to invest.Nurkse was in favour of attaining balanced growth in both the industrial and agricultural sectors of the economy. He recognised that the expansion and inter-sectoral balance between agriculture and manufacturing is necessary so that each of these sectors provides a market for the products of the other and in turn, supplies the necessary raw materials for the development and growth of the other.Nurkse and Paul Rosenstein-Rodan were the pioneers of balanced growth theory and much of how it is understood today dates back to their work.Nurkse's theory discusses how the poor size of the market in underdeveloped countries perpetuates its underdeveloped state. Nurkse has also clarified the various determinants of the market size and puts primary focus on productivity. According to him, if the productivity levels rise in a less developed country, its market size will expand and thus it can eventually become a developed economy. Apart from this, Nurkse has been nicknamed an export pessimist, as he feels that the finances to make investments in underdeveloped countries must arise from their own domestic territory. No importance should be given to promoting exports.