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Department of Economics
Department of Economics

... A firm has increasing returns to scale and is making profits. The government is concerned that the firm has grown too big, and splits it into two smaller firms of equal size. What effect would this have on overall profits? Explain. Is this statement true? “A profit-maximizing firm in a perfectly com ...
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... Finding a Demand function given two observations Example 1: Suppose that the demand is 4000 liters when the gas price is $0.90 and it is 3800 liters when the gas price increased to $1.00. Find the demand function of the gas station? • The demand function is: D = mp + B • The slope m = change in dem ...
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utils - McGraw Hill Higher Education

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Supply and demand



In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market. It concludes that in a competitive market, the unit price for a particular good, or other traded item such as labor or liquid financial assets, will vary until it settles at a point where the quantity demanded (at the current price) will equal the quantity supplied (at the current price), resulting in an economic equilibrium for price and quantity transacted.The four basic laws of supply and demand are: If demand increases (demand curve shifts to the right) and supply remains unchanged, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price. If demand decreases (demand curve shifts to the left) and supply remains unchanged, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price. If demand remains unchanged and supply increases (supply curve shifts to the right), a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price. If demand remains unchanged and supply decreases (supply curve shifts to the left), a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.↑
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