Experimental Demonstration of Ground State Laser Cooling with
... n̄y 苷 16 is cooled close to the ground state over a wide range of ac Stark shifts. As expected the most efficient cooling occurs for d ⯝ vy [17]. The lowest mean vibrational number n̄y 苷 0.18 observed for d 苷 2p 3 1.6 MHz corresponds to 84% ground state probability. We repeated this experiment on th ...
... n̄y 苷 16 is cooled close to the ground state over a wide range of ac Stark shifts. As expected the most efficient cooling occurs for d ⯝ vy [17]. The lowest mean vibrational number n̄y 苷 0.18 observed for d 苷 2p 3 1.6 MHz corresponds to 84% ground state probability. We repeated this experiment on th ...
Chapter 2 Rydberg Atoms
... �5P3/2 |er|n�j� for the allowed transitions. The results are plotted in fig. 2.2, showing a stronger coupling to the nD5/2 state. The matrix elements are around 5 orders of magnitude weaker than the coupling to the nearest Rydberg states (∼ 1000 ea0 at n=40), and are fitted using the scaling C� n�−3 ...
... �5P3/2 |er|n�j� for the allowed transitions. The results are plotted in fig. 2.2, showing a stronger coupling to the nD5/2 state. The matrix elements are around 5 orders of magnitude weaker than the coupling to the nearest Rydberg states (∼ 1000 ea0 at n=40), and are fitted using the scaling C� n�−3 ...
Transitions between highly excited states of an atom when a neutral
... electrons relative to the nuclei A + and B in the course of their collision. However, as will be shown below (Sec. 2), both effects can be considered simultaneously within the framework of the dipole interaction that takes into account also the contribution of the positive Coulomb center A+. The cor ...
... electrons relative to the nuclei A + and B in the course of their collision. However, as will be shown below (Sec. 2), both effects can be considered simultaneously within the framework of the dipole interaction that takes into account also the contribution of the positive Coulomb center A+. The cor ...
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... T=0 is called the Fermi energy. The electronic properties of most conductors are dominated by quantum statistics. ...
... T=0 is called the Fermi energy. The electronic properties of most conductors are dominated by quantum statistics. ...
Probability and the Maxwell
... By assigning a maximum value to P, with the constraint that ∑r=1,c nr = N, we can obtain information on the form of the distribution of molecules in space – the equilibrium distribution. In this way, we find that the most probable distribution is uniform – the density is the same, everywhere. Howeve ...
... By assigning a maximum value to P, with the constraint that ∑r=1,c nr = N, we can obtain information on the form of the distribution of molecules in space – the equilibrium distribution. In this way, we find that the most probable distribution is uniform – the density is the same, everywhere. Howeve ...
Ab initio studies on optimized geometries for the thiazole
... The HOMO represents the ability to donate an electron, LUMO as an electron acceptor represents the ability to obtain an electron the HOMO and LUMO energy calculated by HF level with the 6-31G* basis set Figure 2. This electronic absorption corresponds to the transition from the ground to the first e ...
... The HOMO represents the ability to donate an electron, LUMO as an electron acceptor represents the ability to obtain an electron the HOMO and LUMO energy calculated by HF level with the 6-31G* basis set Figure 2. This electronic absorption corresponds to the transition from the ground to the first e ...
Lecture 18: Photodetectors
... the valence or conduction band. These impurity states are typically shallow states located close to the opposite band edge 3. Barrier height - transition across a Schottky junction from metal to semiconductor Photodetectors are usually wavelength specific i.e. the material and device are chosen to w ...
... the valence or conduction band. These impurity states are typically shallow states located close to the opposite band edge 3. Barrier height - transition across a Schottky junction from metal to semiconductor Photodetectors are usually wavelength specific i.e. the material and device are chosen to w ...
Full-Text PDF
... thermal conductivity, non-degradability and high damage threshold [1–4]. GaAs-based solar cells also have many advantages, such as high photoelectric conversion efficiency, fine radiation resistance and good performance at high temperatures, etc. [5,6]. As science and technology develops, people alw ...
... thermal conductivity, non-degradability and high damage threshold [1–4]. GaAs-based solar cells also have many advantages, such as high photoelectric conversion efficiency, fine radiation resistance and good performance at high temperatures, etc. [5,6]. As science and technology develops, people alw ...
Franck–Condon principle
The Franck–Condon principle is a rule in spectroscopy and quantum chemistry that explains the intensity of vibronic transitions. Vibronic transitions are the simultaneous changes in electronic and vibrational energy levels of a molecule due to the absorption or emission of a photon of the appropriate energy. The principle states that during an electronic transition, a change from one vibrational energy level to another will be more likely to happen if the two vibrational wave functions overlap more significantly.