Murder by the State - National Center for Policy Analysis
... the coercive power of the state to that group. The aggregate size of these rents is largely unknown. In one case, it has been estimated that licensed trade in India and Turkey generated rents of about 7.3 and 15 percent of national income, respectively.13 The size of the rulers’ fees also is unknown ...
... the coercive power of the state to that group. The aggregate size of these rents is largely unknown. In one case, it has been estimated that licensed trade in India and Turkey generated rents of about 7.3 and 15 percent of national income, respectively.13 The size of the rulers’ fees also is unknown ...
Le principali grandezze macroeconomiche I
... • In some period growth can be negative (economic recession) (technically there is a recession if growth is negative for two consecutive trimesters) • Growth rate can vary across countries and periods ...
... • In some period growth can be negative (economic recession) (technically there is a recession if growth is negative for two consecutive trimesters) • Growth rate can vary across countries and periods ...
`Decoupled` from Traffic Growth?
... Policies aimed at inducing business to move from high to low growth areas can have positive effects for both areas. There is a lack of consensus on whether building transport infrastructure into low growth areas would be significantly helpful. Evidence that large-scale transport infrastructure polic ...
... Policies aimed at inducing business to move from high to low growth areas can have positive effects for both areas. There is a lack of consensus on whether building transport infrastructure into low growth areas would be significantly helpful. Evidence that large-scale transport infrastructure polic ...
CAPITAL MOBILITY AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: Are Emerging Economies Different? * By Sebastian Edwards
... National Bureau of Economic Research December, 2000 ...
... National Bureau of Economic Research December, 2000 ...
T L P R
... enjoyed faster growth when they had more secure property rights, as measured by a Heritage Foundation index. On the other hand, Torstennson (1994) reported in a crosssectional analysis of 68 developed and developing countries, that those countries that experienced arbitrary seizures of property had ...
... enjoyed faster growth when they had more secure property rights, as measured by a Heritage Foundation index. On the other hand, Torstennson (1994) reported in a crosssectional analysis of 68 developed and developing countries, that those countries that experienced arbitrary seizures of property had ...
Leandro Prados de la Escosura COLONIAL INDEPENDENCE AND ECONOMIC BACKWARDNESS
... achieve efficient economic organization. Hence, a scramble to preserve colonial protection and privileges or to secure new powers occurred. An alternative explanation, in which the causation is reverted has been recently put forward. Intra-colonial fiscal transfers were, in Grafe and Irigoin’s inter ...
... achieve efficient economic organization. Hence, a scramble to preserve colonial protection and privileges or to secure new powers occurred. An alternative explanation, in which the causation is reverted has been recently put forward. Intra-colonial fiscal transfers were, in Grafe and Irigoin’s inter ...
New Zealand’s productivity performance and prospects Aaron Drew
... productivity performance. Relative to most OECD countries, the level of labour productivity in New Zealand is low and, when measured as GDP per worker, the historic growth performance has also been relatively poor. The apparently poor performance is a key concern for policymakers and has attracted m ...
... productivity performance. Relative to most OECD countries, the level of labour productivity in New Zealand is low and, when measured as GDP per worker, the historic growth performance has also been relatively poor. The apparently poor performance is a key concern for policymakers and has attracted m ...
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... Only recently, Fisher and Marshall (2011) showed that in this case, using the MoorePenrose pseudo-inverse, the Rybczynski effect can easily be separated into one movement that is orthogonal to an economy’s production possibility frontier and a second along this frontier. The first movement can be uniq ...
... Only recently, Fisher and Marshall (2011) showed that in this case, using the MoorePenrose pseudo-inverse, the Rybczynski effect can easily be separated into one movement that is orthogonal to an economy’s production possibility frontier and a second along this frontier. The first movement can be uniq ...
Honduras Since the Coup: Economic and Social Outcomes
... Also worth noting is that economic growth during the Zelaya administration was buoyed by high levels of investment by the private sector – levels which have not been reached since. Private gross fixed capital formation contributed almost twice as much to growth over Zelaya’s term in office as in the ...
... Also worth noting is that economic growth during the Zelaya administration was buoyed by high levels of investment by the private sector – levels which have not been reached since. Private gross fixed capital formation contributed almost twice as much to growth over Zelaya’s term in office as in the ...
The Impact of Resource Abundance and Resource Inequality on
... same data generating process. While large samples increase the risk of inappropriately pooling data from heterogeneous countries, focusing on a small sample of countries brings its own risks; namely, that there is no interesting variation to investigate. Fortunately, Latin America has enough variabi ...
... same data generating process. While large samples increase the risk of inappropriately pooling data from heterogeneous countries, focusing on a small sample of countries brings its own risks; namely, that there is no interesting variation to investigate. Fortunately, Latin America has enough variabi ...
THE HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC IN SOUTH AFRICA: SECTORAL
... over the next five years or so. The implications of the pandemic will be profound for millions of families as the primary family wage earners and/or caretakers fall sick, require care, and eventually die. The pandemic will, without doubt, place extraordinary pressure on institutions that confront it ...
... over the next five years or so. The implications of the pandemic will be profound for millions of families as the primary family wage earners and/or caretakers fall sick, require care, and eventually die. The pandemic will, without doubt, place extraordinary pressure on institutions that confront it ...
Transf-recess
... costly period, when the old centrally planned economy (CPE) is not working already, while the new market one is not working yet. - “One cannot cross the abyss in two jumps” • Fast liberalization ensures irreversibility of reforms ...
... costly period, when the old centrally planned economy (CPE) is not working already, while the new market one is not working yet. - “One cannot cross the abyss in two jumps” • Fast liberalization ensures irreversibility of reforms ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... to changes overall, further emphasizing the link between the two. However, a country‟s prosperity is not just determined by the health of its economy. It is also important to have inclusive political institutions, a guarantee of civil liberties, and human capital development, which ensure an educate ...
... to changes overall, further emphasizing the link between the two. However, a country‟s prosperity is not just determined by the health of its economy. It is also important to have inclusive political institutions, a guarantee of civil liberties, and human capital development, which ensure an educate ...
OECD Economic Surveys SOUTH AFRICA March 2013
... growing degree of slack in the economy: OECD estimates put the negative output gap at close to 3% currently (Figure 3). While some other estimates are lower, most observers agree that the gap is significantly negative and likely to have widened in 2012 and to do so again in 2013 (Table 1). ...
... growing degree of slack in the economy: OECD estimates put the negative output gap at close to 3% currently (Figure 3). While some other estimates are lower, most observers agree that the gap is significantly negative and likely to have widened in 2012 and to do so again in 2013 (Table 1). ...
ch02
... around the World • The U.S. has not been the fastestgrowing economy in the world – a number of other countries at different levels of industrialization, development, and material productivity a century ago have now converged – their current levels of productivity, economic structures, and standards ...
... around the World • The U.S. has not been the fastestgrowing economy in the world – a number of other countries at different levels of industrialization, development, and material productivity a century ago have now converged – their current levels of productivity, economic structures, and standards ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.