Estimating the potential output of the New Zealand economy
... For the HP filter to give an accurate measure of an economy’s potential output, the real output series must satisfy the following conditions. Firstly, changes to the supply component cannot have a larger influence on the evolution of real output than changes to the demand component. Secondly, the cy ...
... For the HP filter to give an accurate measure of an economy’s potential output, the real output series must satisfy the following conditions. Firstly, changes to the supply component cannot have a larger influence on the evolution of real output than changes to the demand component. Secondly, the cy ...
Determining the Correlates of Poverty for Inclusive Growth in Africa
... low level of education are more likely to be poor compared to a household where the head has a higher level of education. According to Tilak (2007), literacy (mere literacy) and primary education are positively related to poverty ratio. It is only when people have at least completed middle/upper pri ...
... low level of education are more likely to be poor compared to a household where the head has a higher level of education. According to Tilak (2007), literacy (mere literacy) and primary education are positively related to poverty ratio. It is only when people have at least completed middle/upper pri ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES REAL EXCHANGE RATES AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE
... Japanese goods. Similarly, the sharp changes in the prices of raw materials since 1973, which have affected the U.S. and Japanese economies in different ways, also require adjustments in real exchange rates. Movements in real exchange rates over time are influenced by numerous short term demand fact ...
... Japanese goods. Similarly, the sharp changes in the prices of raw materials since 1973, which have affected the U.S. and Japanese economies in different ways, also require adjustments in real exchange rates. Movements in real exchange rates over time are influenced by numerous short term demand fact ...
No Slide Title
... The long-run aggregate supply curve • The long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) is a vertical line drawn at the level of GDP that is equal to potential GDP, Y*. • It is vertical because the total amount output that the economy produces when all factors are efficiently used at their normal rate of ...
... The long-run aggregate supply curve • The long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) is a vertical line drawn at the level of GDP that is equal to potential GDP, Y*. • It is vertical because the total amount output that the economy produces when all factors are efficiently used at their normal rate of ...
Free Full text
... Source: IMF Staff estimates based on Authorities' data 1/ Percentage change 2/ Percent ...
... Source: IMF Staff estimates based on Authorities' data 1/ Percentage change 2/ Percent ...
Interaction Effects of Natural Resource Dependence, Environmental
... civil liberties, or state discrimination against minority religions or languages” (88). In recent years, scholars have increasingly emphasized horizontal inequalities, or “inequalities in economic, social or political dimensions between culturally defined groups” (Stewart 2008, p. 3) as potentially ...
... civil liberties, or state discrimination against minority religions or languages” (88). In recent years, scholars have increasingly emphasized horizontal inequalities, or “inequalities in economic, social or political dimensions between culturally defined groups” (Stewart 2008, p. 3) as potentially ...
Kuwait Following the Gulf War
... Petrostates rely heavily upon revenues from petroleum exports and commonly face similar policy challenges in balancing the benefits of pertro-revenues against associated predicaments. Their economic performance has been shown to depend upon both pre-existing heterogeneous conditions and the quality ...
... Petrostates rely heavily upon revenues from petroleum exports and commonly face similar policy challenges in balancing the benefits of pertro-revenues against associated predicaments. Their economic performance has been shown to depend upon both pre-existing heterogeneous conditions and the quality ...
Measuring the Economy*s Performance By J. A. Sacco
... Actual factor payments made to owners of the factors of production. When added together we still do not have GDI. Must add two other ...
... Actual factor payments made to owners of the factors of production. When added together we still do not have GDI. Must add two other ...
2011:2 What is the natural interest rate?
... Resource utilisation is thus one of the most important macroeconomic variables for a central bank. But how can the level of resource utilisation be measured, and what is meant by the expression ‘a normal level of resource utilisation’? One frequently used measure of resource utilisation is the outpu ...
... Resource utilisation is thus one of the most important macroeconomic variables for a central bank. But how can the level of resource utilisation be measured, and what is meant by the expression ‘a normal level of resource utilisation’? One frequently used measure of resource utilisation is the outpu ...
a study of factors responsible for growth, sickness and mortality of
... of businesses are frequent due to the fact that some provisions are not adequately provided for thus snuffing out life from such businesses. This high mortality rate is caused by so many factors which includes financial parasites, financial illiteracy, Get rich quick syndrome, unavailability of a co ...
... of businesses are frequent due to the fact that some provisions are not adequately provided for thus snuffing out life from such businesses. This high mortality rate is caused by so many factors which includes financial parasites, financial illiteracy, Get rich quick syndrome, unavailability of a co ...
From quantity to sustainable quality Increasing intellectual capital
... indicators. An international poll in 2007 gave similar results. Studies have also revealed that citizens can feel distanced from statistical information. GDP may be growing, but disposable incomes and public services are perceived as shrinking. As societies become more diverse, indicators based on a ...
... indicators. An international poll in 2007 gave similar results. Studies have also revealed that citizens can feel distanced from statistical information. GDP may be growing, but disposable incomes and public services are perceived as shrinking. As societies become more diverse, indicators based on a ...
The Financial Express 1st May 2012
... These estimates appeared to me quite unrealistic. To my mind, there are certain sectors like agriculture, mining, electricity etc, which are not at all affected by hartal. I would have thought the hartal scars are more evident on sectors like transportation and retail trade. Even within the sectors ...
... These estimates appeared to me quite unrealistic. To my mind, there are certain sectors like agriculture, mining, electricity etc, which are not at all affected by hartal. I would have thought the hartal scars are more evident on sectors like transportation and retail trade. Even within the sectors ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume
... fixed capital stock. This approach makes the model simple and tractable. Besides, it can be considered as the limiting case of the firm-specificinvestments model of Altig, Christiano, Eichenbaum, and Linde (2005) and Woodford (2005). As they show, even if technology exhibits constant returns to scal ...
... fixed capital stock. This approach makes the model simple and tractable. Besides, it can be considered as the limiting case of the firm-specificinvestments model of Altig, Christiano, Eichenbaum, and Linde (2005) and Woodford (2005). As they show, even if technology exhibits constant returns to scal ...
Privatisation Methods and Economic Growth in Transition Economies
... transition over the period 1990-2001, exploring the effects of private sector development, capital market development and privatisation methods on economic growth. Although the impact of privatisation on the performance of firms has been studied extensively (see Megginson and Netter (2001)), literat ...
... transition over the period 1990-2001, exploring the effects of private sector development, capital market development and privatisation methods on economic growth. Although the impact of privatisation on the performance of firms has been studied extensively (see Megginson and Netter (2001)), literat ...
Chinese Imports: What`s Behind the Slowdown?
... three to four percent and infer that the potential for import substitution and hence the import price elasticity should increase as China climbs the value chain. More recently, Cheung, Chinn, and Qian (2012) find that, even after accounting for the fact a substantial share of imports are subsequentl ...
... three to four percent and infer that the potential for import substitution and hence the import price elasticity should increase as China climbs the value chain. More recently, Cheung, Chinn, and Qian (2012) find that, even after accounting for the fact a substantial share of imports are subsequentl ...
DP2010/14 Monetary Policy, In‡ation and Unemployment Nicolas Groshenny December 2010
... parameters prior to estimation. Table 1 reports the calibration. The quarterly depreciation rate is set equal to 0:025. The capital share of output is calibrated at 0:33. The elasticity of substitution between intermediate goods is set equal to 6; impliying a steady-state markup of 20 percent as in ...
... parameters prior to estimation. Table 1 reports the calibration. The quarterly depreciation rate is set equal to 0:025. The capital share of output is calibrated at 0:33. The elasticity of substitution between intermediate goods is set equal to 6; impliying a steady-state markup of 20 percent as in ...
Bureau of Economic Analysis Presentation
... increased the growth rate of real GDP by .19 percentage point, a 7.6% share of growth. From 1995-2012, incorporating R&D investment increased the growth rate of real GDP by.07 percentage point, a 2.8% share of growth. ...
... increased the growth rate of real GDP by .19 percentage point, a 7.6% share of growth. From 1995-2012, incorporating R&D investment increased the growth rate of real GDP by.07 percentage point, a 2.8% share of growth. ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.