The French Depression in the 1930s
... Depression is now very different and is more in line with the U.S. depression. The U.S. depression is temporarily deeper (in the trough of 1933), but at the end of the period (say after 1936), detrended levels are roughly the same, about 30% below trend, France being in a slightly worse position tha ...
... Depression is now very different and is more in line with the U.S. depression. The U.S. depression is temporarily deeper (in the trough of 1933), but at the end of the period (say after 1936), detrended levels are roughly the same, about 30% below trend, France being in a slightly worse position tha ...
Aligning the Pictures, Words and Numbers: Dynamic Models ()
... know what is D(R(-1)). That is the change in the interest rate. It’s positive when interest rates are rising, and negative when interest rates are falling. It measures momentum. But that variable doesn’t matter; it has a t-value of only 0.09. What matters is the change in the change, D(D(R(-1))) = D ...
... know what is D(R(-1)). That is the change in the interest rate. It’s positive when interest rates are rising, and negative when interest rates are falling. It measures momentum. But that variable doesn’t matter; it has a t-value of only 0.09. What matters is the change in the change, D(D(R(-1))) = D ...
–poverty Macro-econometric modelling for the Nigerian economy: A growth gap analysis ⁎
... The rest of the study is organised as follows: Section 2 presents a theoretical analysis of growth and poverty. In Section 3 the performance of the Nigerian economy is evaluated in which the structural constraints embedded in the country is identified. Section 4 presents an empirical analysis which c ...
... The rest of the study is organised as follows: Section 2 presents a theoretical analysis of growth and poverty. In Section 3 the performance of the Nigerian economy is evaluated in which the structural constraints embedded in the country is identified. Section 4 presents an empirical analysis which c ...
Potential and Limitations of Pro-Poor Macroeconomics: An Overview Giovanni Andrea Cornia
... adoption of these ‘best second-best policies’ allowed the containment of the transitional recession in relation to the Central Asian Republics that followed a liberal approach. A second group of intermediate regimes concerns countries that followed a different approach to macroeconomics. As noted by ...
... adoption of these ‘best second-best policies’ allowed the containment of the transitional recession in relation to the Central Asian Republics that followed a liberal approach. A second group of intermediate regimes concerns countries that followed a different approach to macroeconomics. As noted by ...
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... The logic and rationale of the proposed emphasis on the "agriculturelinked-manufacturing growth" reflects, in part, an optimism that agricultural and industrial growth can be restructured to find its dynamic by serving the domestic market in an open trade regime, rather than being bounded by the oft ...
... The logic and rationale of the proposed emphasis on the "agriculturelinked-manufacturing growth" reflects, in part, an optimism that agricultural and industrial growth can be restructured to find its dynamic by serving the domestic market in an open trade regime, rather than being bounded by the oft ...
Robert I. Barro
... 4Countries are equally weighted in the regressions, but the estimation allows for different error variances for each period and for correlation of the errors across the periods. The results are virtually identical, however, if the error terms from the different periods are treated as independent. Se ...
... 4Countries are equally weighted in the regressions, but the estimation allows for different error variances for each period and for correlation of the errors across the periods. The results are virtually identical, however, if the error terms from the different periods are treated as independent. Se ...
Lect 8 - GEOCITIES.ws
... population, employment and housing as these form the crux of most economic activities in cities. • Many models have been postulated to explain urban economic growth. ...
... population, employment and housing as these form the crux of most economic activities in cities. • Many models have been postulated to explain urban economic growth. ...
Post-Keynesian models of growth and distribution
... shown that the top centiles in income distribution earn most of their money through salaries and wage bonuses. • The impact on the economy also depends on how overhead salaries are included into the pricing formula (here it has been assumed that firms follow a target-return pricing formula and hence ...
... shown that the top centiles in income distribution earn most of their money through salaries and wage bonuses. • The impact on the economy also depends on how overhead salaries are included into the pricing formula (here it has been assumed that firms follow a target-return pricing formula and hence ...
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... development was effectively brought to an end with the onset and aftermath of the debt crisis in the early 1980s. In fact, it is easy to forget in this era of market-based and outward-oriented reforms that under state-led import substitution industrialization (ISI) Mexico enjoyed one of the highest ...
... development was effectively brought to an end with the onset and aftermath of the debt crisis in the early 1980s. In fact, it is easy to forget in this era of market-based and outward-oriented reforms that under state-led import substitution industrialization (ISI) Mexico enjoyed one of the highest ...
Measuring National Income
... GDP measures the total economic output in a country irrespective of whether it is beneficial or not. Eg cleaning up an oil spill is economic activity so is measured in GDP, but it would have been better if it never happened in the first place. Equally if we destroy a rainforest to plant palm trees f ...
... GDP measures the total economic output in a country irrespective of whether it is beneficial or not. Eg cleaning up an oil spill is economic activity so is measured in GDP, but it would have been better if it never happened in the first place. Equally if we destroy a rainforest to plant palm trees f ...
PDF - Center For Global Development
... sub-Saharan African states. And though still falling below Millenium Development Goal targets, progress was also made in increasing literacy and primary enrollment rates before 2014 when social indicators deteriorated with the advent of Ebola. There’s no question that maternal and infant mortality r ...
... sub-Saharan African states. And though still falling below Millenium Development Goal targets, progress was also made in increasing literacy and primary enrollment rates before 2014 when social indicators deteriorated with the advent of Ebola. There’s no question that maternal and infant mortality r ...
Preview Sample 1
... That output in which the marginal benefits from production no longer exceed the marginal cost (where MR = MC). 7. Under what conditions would a nation be able to currently produce more of both consumer and capital products? If production is currently occurring at a point inside its production possib ...
... That output in which the marginal benefits from production no longer exceed the marginal cost (where MR = MC). 7. Under what conditions would a nation be able to currently produce more of both consumer and capital products? If production is currently occurring at a point inside its production possib ...
North Carolina Economic Forecast.(English)
... rate of 3.0 percent. In the third quarter, GSP growth is expected to drop off and record an annualized real growth rate of 2.5 percent. In the fourth quarter of 2008, GSP growth is expected to pick-up, and reach an annualized real rate of 2.8 percent. This expansion, which began in November of 2001, ...
... rate of 3.0 percent. In the third quarter, GSP growth is expected to drop off and record an annualized real growth rate of 2.5 percent. In the fourth quarter of 2008, GSP growth is expected to pick-up, and reach an annualized real rate of 2.8 percent. This expansion, which began in November of 2001, ...
Is weak credit holding back the economic recovery in the United
... Credit to the non-financial private sector and the business cycle Growth rates of real GDP and real credit to non-financial corporations (NFCs) and households have historically been positively correlated in both the United States and the United Kingdom (see Chart A). However, the correlation does no ...
... Credit to the non-financial private sector and the business cycle Growth rates of real GDP and real credit to non-financial corporations (NFCs) and households have historically been positively correlated in both the United States and the United Kingdom (see Chart A). However, the correlation does no ...
The Evolution of the World Income Distribution
... tion, economies were agricultural, and living standards were similar across countries and over time. People born before 1800 could expect to be about as well off as their parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents. In addition, they could expect their children to be about as well off as they wer ...
... tion, economies were agricultural, and living standards were similar across countries and over time. People born before 1800 could expect to be about as well off as their parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents. In addition, they could expect their children to be about as well off as they wer ...
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... with the political and economic opening of the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) gave rise to extensive research on the possible integration effects between the “West” (i.e. the EU and other OECD countries) and the “East” (i.e. mostly the CEEC but also Russia and the former member countr ...
... with the political and economic opening of the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) gave rise to extensive research on the possible integration effects between the “West” (i.e. the EU and other OECD countries) and the “East” (i.e. mostly the CEEC but also Russia and the former member countr ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.