File
... Expenditures Approach-Add up all the spending on final goods and services produced in a given time period. Income Approach-Add up all the income that resulted from selling all final goods and services produced in a given time period. Both ways generate the same amount since every dollar spent is a d ...
... Expenditures Approach-Add up all the spending on final goods and services produced in a given time period. Income Approach-Add up all the income that resulted from selling all final goods and services produced in a given time period. Both ways generate the same amount since every dollar spent is a d ...
marine-042116 - Insurance Information Institute
... •ROE figures are GAAP; 1Return on avg. surplus. Excluding Mortgage & Financial Guaranty insurers yields a 8.2% ROAS in 2014, 9.8% ROAS in 2013, 6.2% ROAS in 2012, 4.7% ROAS for 2011, 7.6% for 2010 and 7.4% for 2009; 2015E is annualized figure based actual figure through Q3 of $44.0 Sources: A.M. Bes ...
... •ROE figures are GAAP; 1Return on avg. surplus. Excluding Mortgage & Financial Guaranty insurers yields a 8.2% ROAS in 2014, 9.8% ROAS in 2013, 6.2% ROAS in 2012, 4.7% ROAS for 2011, 7.6% for 2010 and 7.4% for 2009; 2015E is annualized figure based actual figure through Q3 of $44.0 Sources: A.M. Bes ...
CHAPTER 2 Measuring the Performance of the Canadian Economy
... 3. If nominal GDP in Germany increased by 2.8% last year, but Canadian GDP increased by 4.2%, can we conclude that the welfare of Canadian citizens increased by more than that of German citizens? Why or why not? A country's nominal GDP is not a good measure of the economic welfare of its people, sin ...
... 3. If nominal GDP in Germany increased by 2.8% last year, but Canadian GDP increased by 4.2%, can we conclude that the welfare of Canadian citizens increased by more than that of German citizens? Why or why not? A country's nominal GDP is not a good measure of the economic welfare of its people, sin ...
The transmission of US cyclical developments to - ECB
... important role. From a policy making perspective the ability to gauge the timing and the magnitude of spillovers in economic activity across the various regions in the world is of particular relevance as it contributes to better assess the developments in the own domestic economy. It is therefore im ...
... important role. From a policy making perspective the ability to gauge the timing and the magnitude of spillovers in economic activity across the various regions in the world is of particular relevance as it contributes to better assess the developments in the own domestic economy. It is therefore im ...
E F , I Q
... these variables reduces the size of the EFW coefficient somewhat, but it remains sizable and statistically significant. The tropical location variable is negative and significant, and it adds substantially to the explanatory power. This is consistent with the view articulated by Sachs that a tropica ...
... these variables reduces the size of the EFW coefficient somewhat, but it remains sizable and statistically significant. The tropical location variable is negative and significant, and it adds substantially to the explanatory power. This is consistent with the view articulated by Sachs that a tropica ...
What does it imply for commodity markets?
... South Africa, chronic power supply bottlenecks are a major factor behind weak growth. In contrast to the other four BRICS, growth in India remained robust, buoyed by strong investor sentiment and the positive effect on real incomes of falling oil prices. (India is the world’s fourth largest crude oi ...
... South Africa, chronic power supply bottlenecks are a major factor behind weak growth. In contrast to the other four BRICS, growth in India remained robust, buoyed by strong investor sentiment and the positive effect on real incomes of falling oil prices. (India is the world’s fourth largest crude oi ...
Urban America: US cities in the global economy
... the United States—and in particular the nation’s broad swath of dynamic middleweights—dominate the economy as in no other region of the world.1 They also loom large in the urban world. Almost one in seven of the City 600, the group of cities that is expected to contribute 60 percent of global GDP gr ...
... the United States—and in particular the nation’s broad swath of dynamic middleweights—dominate the economy as in no other region of the world.1 They also loom large in the urban world. Almost one in seven of the City 600, the group of cities that is expected to contribute 60 percent of global GDP gr ...
Unchained Melody: East Asia in Performance
... economic recovery had not occurred, the subsequent differences would become bigger over time. It must not be discounted that growth accelerations could occur in the future and that full recovery takes place then. The assumptions for the forensic accounting are similar to those employed in the rotati ...
... economic recovery had not occurred, the subsequent differences would become bigger over time. It must not be discounted that growth accelerations could occur in the future and that full recovery takes place then. The assumptions for the forensic accounting are similar to those employed in the rotati ...
Where should you start?
... corporate level, or the university level, are laced with the terms equity and equality used interchangeably. They are not interchangeable. Equality of income distribution means that each person has an equal share. Equity of income distribution implies something about fairness. Some will surely be mo ...
... corporate level, or the university level, are laced with the terms equity and equality used interchangeably. They are not interchangeable. Equality of income distribution means that each person has an equal share. Equity of income distribution implies something about fairness. Some will surely be mo ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF TAXATION ON GROWTH Nir Jaimovich
... earn profits from their patents and these profits are subject to capital-income taxation. Motivated by the plethora of evidence on the presence of right skewness in the distribution of patents, scientific-paper citations, income, and profits, we assume that the distribution of entrepreneurial abilit ...
... earn profits from their patents and these profits are subject to capital-income taxation. Motivated by the plethora of evidence on the presence of right skewness in the distribution of patents, scientific-paper citations, income, and profits, we assume that the distribution of entrepreneurial abilit ...
Insert Title - Nom d'un Dieu
... Wicksell, the Swedish economist had a very powerful intuition. His view was that economic cycles could be explained by the divergences between what he called the ‘’ natural’’ interest rates, and what he called the ‘’market’’ rates. (More on those two later) ...
... Wicksell, the Swedish economist had a very powerful intuition. His view was that economic cycles could be explained by the divergences between what he called the ‘’ natural’’ interest rates, and what he called the ‘’market’’ rates. (More on those two later) ...
Insert Title
... Wicksell, the Swedish economist had a very powerful intuition. His view was that economic cycles could be explained by the divergences between what he called the ‘’ natural’’ interest rates, and what he called the ‘’market’’ rates. (More on those two later) ...
... Wicksell, the Swedish economist had a very powerful intuition. His view was that economic cycles could be explained by the divergences between what he called the ‘’ natural’’ interest rates, and what he called the ‘’market’’ rates. (More on those two later) ...
How Fast Can China Grow? The Middle Kingdom`s Prospects to 2030
... economy over history and projecting how it will evolve over the next 15 years. Using a Cobb-Douglas production function, we decompose the growth of trend GDP into those of the capital stock, labour, human capital and total factor productivity (TFP) and then forecast trend output growth out to 2030 ...
... economy over history and projecting how it will evolve over the next 15 years. Using a Cobb-Douglas production function, we decompose the growth of trend GDP into those of the capital stock, labour, human capital and total factor productivity (TFP) and then forecast trend output growth out to 2030 ...
Measuring Macroeconomics
... Aggregate Output National income accounts An accounting system used to measure aggregate economic activity. The typical measure of aggregate output in the national income accounts is gross domestic product, or GDP. ...
... Aggregate Output National income accounts An accounting system used to measure aggregate economic activity. The typical measure of aggregate output in the national income accounts is gross domestic product, or GDP. ...
Why Has the Unemployment Rate Fared Better than GDP Growth?
... in unemployment in terms of indirect influences on top of the direct relation arising from employment’s role as an input to the production of output. These influences included induced changes in labor-force participation and in hours per worker. He also noted changes in productivity associated with ...
... in unemployment in terms of indirect influences on top of the direct relation arising from employment’s role as an input to the production of output. These influences included induced changes in labor-force participation and in hours per worker. He also noted changes in productivity associated with ...
Recent Changes in Europe`s Competitive Landscape. How the
... Another strand of research that has recently emerged makes it possible to also approach Europe’s structural growth performance from a demand perspective, using a combination of national inputoutput tables, bilateral international trade statistics and data on production factor requirements. This dema ...
... Another strand of research that has recently emerged makes it possible to also approach Europe’s structural growth performance from a demand perspective, using a combination of national inputoutput tables, bilateral international trade statistics and data on production factor requirements. This dema ...
Olivier Blanchard Carlo Cottarelli 28 June 2010, VOX.EU
... The G20 communiqué stresses the difficulty of balancing fiscal stimulus and fiscal consolidation. This column – written by one of the world’s leading macroeconomists, Olivier Blanchard, and his co-author – sums up the research-based policy analysis of the issue. Advanced economies are facing the dif ...
... The G20 communiqué stresses the difficulty of balancing fiscal stimulus and fiscal consolidation. This column – written by one of the world’s leading macroeconomists, Olivier Blanchard, and his co-author – sums up the research-based policy analysis of the issue. Advanced economies are facing the dif ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE DETERIORATING FISCAL SITUATION AND AN AGING POPULATION
... debt-to-GDP ratio increased by almost half from 1991 to 1997 and by another quarter in the two years after that. By 2000, Japan had the largest ratio among OECD countries. Japan's fiscal situation continues to look grim, especially given the demographic situation. Population aging is expected to slo ...
... debt-to-GDP ratio increased by almost half from 1991 to 1997 and by another quarter in the two years after that. By 2000, Japan had the largest ratio among OECD countries. Japan's fiscal situation continues to look grim, especially given the demographic situation. Population aging is expected to slo ...
11. Capital flows to emerging markets under the flexible dollar standard: a critical view based on the Brazilian
... deregulation, and have kept some sort of control especially over the capital inflows; this has kept exchange rate and industrial policies geared towards export promotion. In other words, the growth performance has been much better in countries in which financial globalization did not lead (or for as ...
... deregulation, and have kept some sort of control especially over the capital inflows; this has kept exchange rate and industrial policies geared towards export promotion. In other words, the growth performance has been much better in countries in which financial globalization did not lead (or for as ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.