NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES OPENNESS CAN BE GOOD FOR GROWTH: Roberto Chang
... a simple Harris-Todaro model where output gains after trade liberalization depend on the degree of labor market flexibility. In that model, trade protection may ameliorate the problem of underemployment (and underproduction) in sectors affected by labor market distortions; hence trade liberalization ...
... a simple Harris-Todaro model where output gains after trade liberalization depend on the degree of labor market flexibility. In that model, trade protection may ameliorate the problem of underemployment (and underproduction) in sectors affected by labor market distortions; hence trade liberalization ...
Global population growth, technology and Malthusian constraints: A
... supply. Population and income have determined the demand for food and thus agricultural production, rather than food availability determining population. However, recent evidence suggests a widespread slowdown of growth in agricultural output per unit of land area (i.e. agricultural yields, see Alst ...
... supply. Population and income have determined the demand for food and thus agricultural production, rather than food availability determining population. However, recent evidence suggests a widespread slowdown of growth in agricultural output per unit of land area (i.e. agricultural yields, see Alst ...
Extension: GNI and living standards
... To compare living standards, we do not only need to know about the level of income received by residents. What we really want to know is what people can buy with their income. In other words, we want to measure the relative purchasing power of income in different countries. When we translate from lo ...
... To compare living standards, we do not only need to know about the level of income received by residents. What we really want to know is what people can buy with their income. In other words, we want to measure the relative purchasing power of income in different countries. When we translate from lo ...
Gylfason new mmi08 6670801 en
... It is difficult to compare data from the Soviet time with those of the post-Soviet period. Hence, the statement in the text has to be interpreted with care, especially if the cost of queuing, product range and quality, etc., is included in the GDP measure. If so, it could be argued that Georgians, o ...
... It is difficult to compare data from the Soviet time with those of the post-Soviet period. Hence, the statement in the text has to be interpreted with care, especially if the cost of queuing, product range and quality, etc., is included in the GDP measure. If so, it could be argued that Georgians, o ...
Exit strategy: is 1937/38 relevant? - European Commission
... is indeed related to discretionary changes. In 1935, the Social Security Act was adopted as part of the Roosevelt administration's New Deal. It provided protection against income loss due to old age or unemployment and the burdens of widows and orphans. Payroll taxes were first collected in 1937, wh ...
... is indeed related to discretionary changes. In 1935, the Social Security Act was adopted as part of the Roosevelt administration's New Deal. It provided protection against income loss due to old age or unemployment and the burdens of widows and orphans. Payroll taxes were first collected in 1937, wh ...
2.0 Theoretical Perspective of Tax Policy and Economic Growth
... complete specification of the government’s budget constraint corrected for the biases that existed with a partial specification. The model involved regressing of non-fiscal and fiscal variables on economic growth rates, with one component of the fiscal variable being omitted.2 The findings indicate ...
... complete specification of the government’s budget constraint corrected for the biases that existed with a partial specification. The model involved regressing of non-fiscal and fiscal variables on economic growth rates, with one component of the fiscal variable being omitted.2 The findings indicate ...
Shandong Information Industry and Economic Growth: An
... information technology, developing and producing equipment and product and providing information services in social and economic activities, and industrial clusters including information collection, production, testing, conversion, storage, transmission, processing, distribution, applications and so ...
... information technology, developing and producing equipment and product and providing information services in social and economic activities, and industrial clusters including information collection, production, testing, conversion, storage, transmission, processing, distribution, applications and so ...
University of Lethbridge — Department of Economics
... convergence has recently been ________. A) slow; increasing B) rapidly; continuing at the 1960s pace C) slow; decreasing D) rapid; decreasing E) rapid; increasing at an even faster rate Topic: Economic Growth Trends ...
... convergence has recently been ________. A) slow; increasing B) rapidly; continuing at the 1960s pace C) slow; decreasing D) rapid; decreasing E) rapid; increasing at an even faster rate Topic: Economic Growth Trends ...
ch25
... in factor supply, the utilization rate of factors, and productivity. 3. Explain why short-run changes in GDP are mostly caused by changes in factor utilization, whereas long-run changes in GDP are mostly caused by changes in factor supplies and productivity. 4. Explain why macroeconomic policies wil ...
... in factor supply, the utilization rate of factors, and productivity. 3. Explain why short-run changes in GDP are mostly caused by changes in factor utilization, whereas long-run changes in GDP are mostly caused by changes in factor supplies and productivity. 4. Explain why macroeconomic policies wil ...
In Defense of Wall Street - Faculty Directory | Berkeley-Haas
... use one observation per country, where the data are typically averaged over 30 or 40 years. The studies control for many other possible determinants of economic growth such as ...
... use one observation per country, where the data are typically averaged over 30 or 40 years. The studies control for many other possible determinants of economic growth such as ...
A SURVEY OF EXPLANATIONS FOR THE CELTIC TIGER BOOM Eoin O’Malley
... A number of studies made the point that the Celtic Tiger boom was primarily based on new strong trends in employment, rather than faster productivity growth. Productivity growth (GNP per worker) had historically been quite fast averaging about 3.0-3.5 per cent p.a. for a few decades before the late ...
... A number of studies made the point that the Celtic Tiger boom was primarily based on new strong trends in employment, rather than faster productivity growth. Productivity growth (GNP per worker) had historically been quite fast averaging about 3.0-3.5 per cent p.a. for a few decades before the late ...
Paulsen`s PPT October 2016
... Solid (left natural log scale): Relative total return performance of consumer sectors vs. industrial sectors. Data from Kenneth French 12 sector U.S. universe. Consumer sectors include consumer non durables, consumer durables, telecom, utilities and shops (retail). Industrial sectors include manufac ...
... Solid (left natural log scale): Relative total return performance of consumer sectors vs. industrial sectors. Data from Kenneth French 12 sector U.S. universe. Consumer sectors include consumer non durables, consumer durables, telecom, utilities and shops (retail). Industrial sectors include manufac ...
What Can We Learn from the Current Crisis in Argentina?
... We economists will need to wait for the dust to clear from the economic wreckage in Argentina and for better data to become available to draw any firm conclusions about the causes of the current great depression there. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to start to analyze the depression and to hypothe ...
... We economists will need to wait for the dust to clear from the economic wreckage in Argentina and for better data to become available to draw any firm conclusions about the causes of the current great depression there. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to start to analyze the depression and to hypothe ...
What Can We Learn from the Current Crisis in Argentina?
... We economists will need to wait for the dust to clear from the economic wreckage in Argentina and for better data to become available to draw any firm conclusions about the causes of the current great depression there. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to start to analyze the depression and to hypothe ...
... We economists will need to wait for the dust to clear from the economic wreckage in Argentina and for better data to become available to draw any firm conclusions about the causes of the current great depression there. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to start to analyze the depression and to hypothe ...
Growth, innovation, scaling and the pace of life in cities
... these changes is unprecedented (2,3) and will lead to important but as of yet poorly understood impacts on the global environment. In 2000 more than 70% of the population in developed countries lived in cities, compared to about 40% in developing countries. Cities occupied a mere 0.3% of the total l ...
... these changes is unprecedented (2,3) and will lead to important but as of yet poorly understood impacts on the global environment. In 2000 more than 70% of the population in developed countries lived in cities, compared to about 40% in developing countries. Cities occupied a mere 0.3% of the total l ...
Presentation
... BRIP = 1: the country’s actual penetration is equal to the world average penetration at that country’s economic development stage BRIP < 1: the actual penetration is less than the average BRIP > 1: the actual penetration is greater than the average There is a positive correlation between the BRI ...
... BRIP = 1: the country’s actual penetration is equal to the world average penetration at that country’s economic development stage BRIP < 1: the actual penetration is less than the average BRIP > 1: the actual penetration is greater than the average There is a positive correlation between the BRI ...
adasanswryellow
... 9. Assume that there is a decrease in marginal 10. Assume that there is an poor harvests tax rates which increases labor productivity world wide which increases resource prices Which determinant? _ PRODUCTIVITY _ AD or AS? or ...
... 9. Assume that there is a decrease in marginal 10. Assume that there is an poor harvests tax rates which increases labor productivity world wide which increases resource prices Which determinant? _ PRODUCTIVITY _ AD or AS? or ...
The other half of macroeconomics and the three stages of
... The discipline of macroeconomics, which was started in the late 1940s and was based on the assumption that the private sector is always maximizing profits, considered only one of the two phases an actual economy experiences. The overlooked other phase, in which the private sector may instead seek to ...
... The discipline of macroeconomics, which was started in the late 1940s and was based on the assumption that the private sector is always maximizing profits, considered only one of the two phases an actual economy experiences. The overlooked other phase, in which the private sector may instead seek to ...
Download
... Reduce the share of New fiscal rule will spending in GDP by be announced in about 1% in 2011 ...
... Reduce the share of New fiscal rule will spending in GDP by be announced in about 1% in 2011 ...
Trade openness, financial liberalization and volatility The Latin American experience Esteban Pérez Caldentey
... argue that financial liberalization and more precisely capital account liberalization improves the efficiency in the international allocation of resources. As put by Henry (2007) pp.887-888: “In the neoclassical model, liberalizing the capital account facilitates a more efficient allocation of resou ...
... argue that financial liberalization and more precisely capital account liberalization improves the efficiency in the international allocation of resources. As put by Henry (2007) pp.887-888: “In the neoclassical model, liberalizing the capital account facilitates a more efficient allocation of resou ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.