Chinese Economy: Current Issues and Future Scenarios
... • How to de-peg from US$, and change to a basket-pegging system with higher flexibility? – That is China’s self-interest, not others’. • How to minimize the speculation; • How to catch up the good opportunity in the market to do so? ...
... • How to de-peg from US$, and change to a basket-pegging system with higher flexibility? – That is China’s self-interest, not others’. • How to minimize the speculation; • How to catch up the good opportunity in the market to do so? ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... Bureau of Economic Research
... of durable goods. Because their earnings are more sensitive to cyclical fluctuations in spending than are their hours of work, we can think of these workers as having ...
... of durable goods. Because their earnings are more sensitive to cyclical fluctuations in spending than are their hours of work, we can think of these workers as having ...
Macro_online_chapter_16_13e
... enforces contracts in an even-handed manner helps promote economic growth because it 1. makes it possible for individuals to generate large incomes and get ahead without cooperating with others. 2. provides people with a strong incentive to supply others with things that they value at an economical ...
... enforces contracts in an even-handed manner helps promote economic growth because it 1. makes it possible for individuals to generate large incomes and get ahead without cooperating with others. 2. provides people with a strong incentive to supply others with things that they value at an economical ...
www.utahscreditunions.org
... ** The FICO assessment is a temporary requirement to cover interest on the bonds issued to fund the FSLIC bailout in the early 1990s. The FICO rate is assumed to decay at the same rate is has since 2006 until 2019 when the last of the FICO bonds will mature. ...
... ** The FICO assessment is a temporary requirement to cover interest on the bonds issued to fund the FSLIC bailout in the early 1990s. The FICO rate is assumed to decay at the same rate is has since 2006 until 2019 when the last of the FICO bonds will mature. ...
The Economy in 2010 – and some alternatives
... Strong wage growth best for economic growth generates domestic demand Individual relatively open economies can gain advantage by suppressing wages and tapping international demand (exports) But the world is a closed economy Hence economies suppressing wages do so at cost of international growth Econ ...
... Strong wage growth best for economic growth generates domestic demand Individual relatively open economies can gain advantage by suppressing wages and tapping international demand (exports) But the world is a closed economy Hence economies suppressing wages do so at cost of international growth Econ ...
... stayed in deficit, by 3.5% of GDP, 0.1 percentage points wider than at the previous year’s close. The composition of the deficit has also changed. Public enterprises have made a positive contribution to the fiscal accounts, helping to compensate for reduced central government revenue. The lower inve ...
Chapter 1 Introduction to Macroeconomics
... Rates of Growth of Output • Rates of growth of output (or output per worker) are determined by: – rates of saving and investment; – rates of technological change; – rates of change in other factors. ...
... Rates of Growth of Output • Rates of growth of output (or output per worker) are determined by: – rates of saving and investment; – rates of technological change; – rates of change in other factors. ...
Real GDP and per head
... consumer to capital goods. Costs to a living standard in short term but increase in a long term. b) deplation of non-renewable resources, environmental damages, pollution Sustainable growth-growth that does not endanger the country’s ability to grow in the future It is better to have lower but stabi ...
... consumer to capital goods. Costs to a living standard in short term but increase in a long term. b) deplation of non-renewable resources, environmental damages, pollution Sustainable growth-growth that does not endanger the country’s ability to grow in the future It is better to have lower but stabi ...
PowerPoint: CHAPTER 2 – Business Cycles
... • inherently unstable - caused by endogenous e.g. change in total spending. • An increase in total spending • period of expansion ...
... • inherently unstable - caused by endogenous e.g. change in total spending. • An increase in total spending • period of expansion ...
AGGREGATE DEMAND – the total amount demanded of
... The slope of the Aggregate Demand curve is downward sloping because as the price level drops, the quantity of out put demanded increases. - Keynes’s interest-rate effect is one of the reasons the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping. The quantity of money demanded depends on price level. Ther ...
... The slope of the Aggregate Demand curve is downward sloping because as the price level drops, the quantity of out put demanded increases. - Keynes’s interest-rate effect is one of the reasons the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping. The quantity of money demanded depends on price level. Ther ...
Russia Recent Economic Developments and Medium
... . A potential social protection stimulus package of 1 percent of GDP, implemented in a period from April 2009 to March, 2010 could help move 4.1 million people out of poverty compared with a noprogram scenario Cost of the program as a Reduction in poverty Reduction in poverty share of GDP (%) ...
... . A potential social protection stimulus package of 1 percent of GDP, implemented in a period from April 2009 to March, 2010 could help move 4.1 million people out of poverty compared with a noprogram scenario Cost of the program as a Reduction in poverty Reduction in poverty share of GDP (%) ...
Macroeconomics Presentation
... A person is considered unemployed if they are 16 years or older and do NOT meet any of the employed criteria. However, to meet the standard of unemployment, the individual must be actively looking for employment. If a person is neither employed or unemployed then they are “not in the labor force”. T ...
... A person is considered unemployed if they are 16 years or older and do NOT meet any of the employed criteria. However, to meet the standard of unemployment, the individual must be actively looking for employment. If a person is neither employed or unemployed then they are “not in the labor force”. T ...
Bahamas_en.pdf
... slowdown in economic activity and rise in unemployment while providing critical public infrastructure. The stimulus includes the start-up of infrastructure projects such as road improvement and the redevelopment of downtown Nassau, as well as safety-net assistance, including unemployment benefit for ...
... slowdown in economic activity and rise in unemployment while providing critical public infrastructure. The stimulus includes the start-up of infrastructure projects such as road improvement and the redevelopment of downtown Nassau, as well as safety-net assistance, including unemployment benefit for ...
... According to ECLAC estimates, the Dominican Republic will post economic growth of around 6.6% in 2015, compared with 7.3% in 2014. That growth is driven by the continued expansion of domestic demand and favourable external conditions, including falling oil prices and the buoyancy of the United State ...
1.02 PowerPoint
... What is the national unemployment rate? What is the state unemployment rate? ...
... What is the national unemployment rate? What is the state unemployment rate? ...
Classic theories of Economic development : A comparative analysis
... “How and why development does or does not take place in an economy? These questions widely discussed among the economists world over in the past two decades. If only we can understand how development occurs, strategies can be adopted to help countries to develop. There are four major and often compe ...
... “How and why development does or does not take place in an economy? These questions widely discussed among the economists world over in the past two decades. If only we can understand how development occurs, strategies can be adopted to help countries to develop. There are four major and often compe ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).