Economic Index
... largest industries are: government; health care and social assistance; retail trade; and manufacturing. These industries account for more than 55 percent of employment in the State. Like most of the country, employment in manufacturing is significantly declining. The manufacturing industry has lost ...
... largest industries are: government; health care and social assistance; retail trade; and manufacturing. These industries account for more than 55 percent of employment in the State. Like most of the country, employment in manufacturing is significantly declining. The manufacturing industry has lost ...
Intro to Tour 5
... firms within the local economy, i.e. the industrial sectors of an economy are interdependent. • This means that firms purchase not only primary inputs such as labor, but also intermediate goods and services produced by other establishments. • Therefore, a change in level of final demand for one sect ...
... firms within the local economy, i.e. the industrial sectors of an economy are interdependent. • This means that firms purchase not only primary inputs such as labor, but also intermediate goods and services produced by other establishments. • Therefore, a change in level of final demand for one sect ...
Idea Flows, Economic Growth, and Trade
... listings of which sellers in any country are domestic producers or exporters from abroad. The second step in the analysis is based on a model of technology diffusion that involves stochastic meetings of individual people—we call them product managers— who exchange production-related ideas. We use a ...
... listings of which sellers in any country are domestic producers or exporters from abroad. The second step in the analysis is based on a model of technology diffusion that involves stochastic meetings of individual people—we call them product managers— who exchange production-related ideas. We use a ...
Good Booms, Bad Booms - Penn Arts and Sciences
... first component) using the methodology developed by Atkeson, Eisfeldt, and Weill (2013) for the countries in our sample. Using these data we test two implications of the model in terms of the decomposition of productivity. First, we complement our finding that bad booms are more likely when product ...
... first component) using the methodology developed by Atkeson, Eisfeldt, and Weill (2013) for the countries in our sample. Using these data we test two implications of the model in terms of the decomposition of productivity. First, we complement our finding that bad booms are more likely when product ...
MARXIAN CRISIS THEORY AND THE POSTWAR U. S. ECONOMY
... profit produced per worker is also reinforced by other ways to increase the profit per worker, such as wages cuts and increases in the intensity of labor, discussed above. However, Marxian theory argues that there are inherent limits to the increase in the profit produced by each worker. The main li ...
... profit produced per worker is also reinforced by other ways to increase the profit per worker, such as wages cuts and increases in the intensity of labor, discussed above. However, Marxian theory argues that there are inherent limits to the increase in the profit produced by each worker. The main li ...
Reforms and growth in transition [EBRD
... and small-scale privatisation, and second-phase reforms which address deeper institutional reforms such as corporate governance, competition policy and reform of financial institutions. Other papers have broadened the debate to focus on quality of institutions and factors affecting the business envi ...
... and small-scale privatisation, and second-phase reforms which address deeper institutional reforms such as corporate governance, competition policy and reform of financial institutions. Other papers have broadened the debate to focus on quality of institutions and factors affecting the business envi ...
How Effective is Fiscal Policy Response in Financial Crises?
... The lessons from these analyses have stimulated other papers with a more prescriptive approach. For instance, one paper argues that an optimal fiscal package to mitigate the adverse consequences of financial crises should be large, lasting, diversified, contingent, collective, and sustainable (Spili ...
... The lessons from these analyses have stimulated other papers with a more prescriptive approach. For instance, one paper argues that an optimal fiscal package to mitigate the adverse consequences of financial crises should be large, lasting, diversified, contingent, collective, and sustainable (Spili ...
What are the links between power, economic growth
... 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa currently lack access to electricity: 70 per cent of the population. Half of all businesses say that the lack of reliable electricity is a major constraint. Power outages cost African countries an estimated 1-2 per cent of their GDP annually. The last few yea ...
... 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa currently lack access to electricity: 70 per cent of the population. Half of all businesses say that the lack of reliable electricity is a major constraint. Power outages cost African countries an estimated 1-2 per cent of their GDP annually. The last few yea ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... models holds that inflation does not affect growth rate as well as the level of output. Opposing the former model, the endogenous growth models highlight that money and inflation do affect the growth rate of output. There are two main channels through which inflation may affect real output growth. A ...
... models holds that inflation does not affect growth rate as well as the level of output. Opposing the former model, the endogenous growth models highlight that money and inflation do affect the growth rate of output. There are two main channels through which inflation may affect real output growth. A ...
Sample
... 17) Multinational firms first emerged in which phase of globalization? A) first B) second C) third D) fourth Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 32 Skill: Concept Objective: 2-1 AACSB: Dynamics of the global economy 18) Which of the following reflects the major contribution of GATT to globalization? A) str ...
... 17) Multinational firms first emerged in which phase of globalization? A) first B) second C) third D) fourth Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 32 Skill: Concept Objective: 2-1 AACSB: Dynamics of the global economy 18) Which of the following reflects the major contribution of GATT to globalization? A) str ...
Country Program Evaluation
... constitutes the principal means of ensuring steady economic growth. Relevance. As conceived, the Bank’s strategy was generally integrated with the nation’s priorities and objectives. Authorities interviewed by OVE for the CPE considered Bank projects to be important and relevant. Most projects were ...
... constitutes the principal means of ensuring steady economic growth. Relevance. As conceived, the Bank’s strategy was generally integrated with the nation’s priorities and objectives. Authorities interviewed by OVE for the CPE considered Bank projects to be important and relevant. Most projects were ...
Who Works for Whom? Worker Sorting in a Model of Entrepreneurship ∗
... but almost 20% of gross job creation.1 The jobs entrepreneurs create, however, may not always be the most desirable ones. A variety of new data sources for the United States have confirmed that entrepreneurial firms, most of which are young and small, provide lower earnings to their workers on avera ...
... but almost 20% of gross job creation.1 The jobs entrepreneurs create, however, may not always be the most desirable ones. A variety of new data sources for the United States have confirmed that entrepreneurial firms, most of which are young and small, provide lower earnings to their workers on avera ...
BFI 306: PUBLIC FINANCE HERMAN MWANGI St.Paul`s University
... rise and vice versa. This process would clear the market as they argued. But over the years many changes took place, political ideology evolved hence leading to establishment of socialistic states whose size of the public sector was larger than private sector. However, despite the different ideologi ...
... rise and vice versa. This process would clear the market as they argued. But over the years many changes took place, political ideology evolved hence leading to establishment of socialistic states whose size of the public sector was larger than private sector. However, despite the different ideologi ...
Or is there reverse causality direction from
... economic growth is that bidirectional or unidirectional of causality dependents on the level of income, ICT infrastructure or other factors. A large scale study that examined the causality for 105 countries (Shiu and Lam, 2008) revealed bidirectional causality in high income level and European count ...
... economic growth is that bidirectional or unidirectional of causality dependents on the level of income, ICT infrastructure or other factors. A large scale study that examined the causality for 105 countries (Shiu and Lam, 2008) revealed bidirectional causality in high income level and European count ...
Does better local governance improve district growth performance in
... One of the weaknesses of most studies in this area is that they have focused on crosscountry data. Whilst this provides a large sample of countries and a relatively long time span, such studies are open to the criticism that there are important unobserved factors (e.g. culture) which may have an im ...
... One of the weaknesses of most studies in this area is that they have focused on crosscountry data. Whilst this provides a large sample of countries and a relatively long time span, such studies are open to the criticism that there are important unobserved factors (e.g. culture) which may have an im ...
Theme 4 A global perspective
... mothers. In Bosnia, the World Bank helps offer ‘microcredit’ loans, typically less than $1,000, to individuals who wish to start small businesses and otherwise would not have access to bank credit. WTO (up to 3 marks): the WTO is an international organisation established to promote free trade (1 mar ...
... mothers. In Bosnia, the World Bank helps offer ‘microcredit’ loans, typically less than $1,000, to individuals who wish to start small businesses and otherwise would not have access to bank credit. WTO (up to 3 marks): the WTO is an international organisation established to promote free trade (1 mar ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).