The Rise of Offshoring: It's Not Wine for Cloth Anymore
... framework for investigating how improvements in communication and information technologies that give rise to increased offshoring affect labor markets, production patterns, prices, and welfare in the participating countries. In this paper, we will describe such a framework that we have developed more ...
... framework for investigating how improvements in communication and information technologies that give rise to increased offshoring affect labor markets, production patterns, prices, and welfare in the participating countries. In this paper, we will describe such a framework that we have developed more ...
A Chronology of Turning Points in Economic Activity: Spain 1850-2011
... This paper codifies in a systematic and transparent way a historical chronology of business cycle turning points for Spain reaching back to 1850 at annual frequency, and 1939 at monthly frequency. Such an exercise would be incomplete without assessing the new chronology itself and against others —th ...
... This paper codifies in a systematic and transparent way a historical chronology of business cycle turning points for Spain reaching back to 1850 at annual frequency, and 1939 at monthly frequency. Such an exercise would be incomplete without assessing the new chronology itself and against others —th ...
NBER WORKING PAPERS SERIES Aiwyn Young
... only a small subset will be produced at any given time). Furthermore, the bound on learning by doing in each of these goods will also be taken as exogenous. It is assumed that learning by doing exhibits spillovers across goods and that the knowledge so generated is in the public domain, i.e. is non ...
... only a small subset will be produced at any given time). Furthermore, the bound on learning by doing in each of these goods will also be taken as exogenous. It is assumed that learning by doing exhibits spillovers across goods and that the knowledge so generated is in the public domain, i.e. is non ...
Topic 1 * Overview of Economic Geography
... Advanced economies require a higher level of education. ...
... Advanced economies require a higher level of education. ...
The “Great Moderation” In OECD Countries: Its Deepness and Implications with Business Cycles
... the GDP growth rates in the 80s and the 90s. Conventional tests assume that the potential break date is known a priori and they are then constructed by adding dummy variables representing different intercepts and slopes, thereby extending the standard Dickey-Fuller procedure (Perron 1989). However, ...
... the GDP growth rates in the 80s and the 90s. Conventional tests assume that the potential break date is known a priori and they are then constructed by adding dummy variables representing different intercepts and slopes, thereby extending the standard Dickey-Fuller procedure (Perron 1989). However, ...
Guebeli-sde05-s 1001281 en
... indicators of a country’s economic activity. In Switzerland, the barometer, which is released by the Swiss Institute for Business Cycle Research (KOF) is such an instrument. The barometer was developed in 1976 and revised in 1998. As might be expected, the targeted lead is meanwhile getting less and ...
... indicators of a country’s economic activity. In Switzerland, the barometer, which is released by the Swiss Institute for Business Cycle Research (KOF) is such an instrument. The barometer was developed in 1976 and revised in 1998. As might be expected, the targeted lead is meanwhile getting less and ...
Change in IIP and WPI base year: What can be
... undergone changes. Both the series have used National Industrial Classification (NIC) - 2008 classification. The new IIP series covers 407 items as against 399 item groups covered in the old series. Weights assigned to sectors have been reshuffled. The weightage of mining and manufacturing has been ...
... undergone changes. Both the series have used National Industrial Classification (NIC) - 2008 classification. The new IIP series covers 407 items as against 399 item groups covered in the old series. Weights assigned to sectors have been reshuffled. The weightage of mining and manufacturing has been ...
Powerpoint Presentation
... • countries produce the same goods o may specialize (different goods) • countries have same technologies o may have different technology • price equalization in goods due to trade o trade barriers & transport costs • factors instantly move among sectors o short run factor stickiness ...
... • countries produce the same goods o may specialize (different goods) • countries have same technologies o may have different technology • price equalization in goods due to trade o trade barriers & transport costs • factors instantly move among sectors o short run factor stickiness ...
The Performance of Manufacturing Sector in
... that, entrepreneurs (or agents) act largely depending on the rules of the games––the reward structure of the economy––that governs payoffs from the entrepreneurial activity. This is a theoretical view which shows that when institutional structure and transformation of the manufacturing industry is a ...
... that, entrepreneurs (or agents) act largely depending on the rules of the games––the reward structure of the economy––that governs payoffs from the entrepreneurial activity. This is a theoretical view which shows that when institutional structure and transformation of the manufacturing industry is a ...
STRONG OR WEAK SUSTAINABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF EMERGING ASIA
... different scholars. Limits to Growth identifies population, industrialization, pollution, food production, and resource depletion (Meadows and others, 1972) as some of the challenges to sustainable development. Wackernagel and Rees (1996) argued that the Earth’s ecosystem cannot sustain the current ...
... different scholars. Limits to Growth identifies population, industrialization, pollution, food production, and resource depletion (Meadows and others, 1972) as some of the challenges to sustainable development. Wackernagel and Rees (1996) argued that the Earth’s ecosystem cannot sustain the current ...
economic growth and social reproduction
... term ‘structuralist’ in the sense that the distribution of income plays a central role in aggregate demand, investment and growth, and the structure of the economy is an important determinant of how these interactions play out. Social reproduction is incorporated into this model by treating labour a ...
... term ‘structuralist’ in the sense that the distribution of income plays a central role in aggregate demand, investment and growth, and the structure of the economy is an important determinant of how these interactions play out. Social reproduction is incorporated into this model by treating labour a ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION AND POSTWAR GROWTH Diego A. Comin
... to their prewar growth paths. The second is that, contrary to the U.S., both Germany and Japan did not converge to this prewar path but instead busted through it and converged to a growth path that was substantially higher than that in the prewar period. Just like for the declines during WWII, the p ...
... to their prewar growth paths. The second is that, contrary to the U.S., both Germany and Japan did not converge to this prewar path but instead busted through it and converged to a growth path that was substantially higher than that in the prewar period. Just like for the declines during WWII, the p ...
Canada–United States Labour Productivity Gap
... Leung et al. 2008). 1 The issue is usually approached indirectly by developing estimates of improvements in labour productivity that result from existing firms growing larger. These studies have attempted to estimate the impact of scale economies on aggregate productivity, and then to correct for th ...
... Leung et al. 2008). 1 The issue is usually approached indirectly by developing estimates of improvements in labour productivity that result from existing firms growing larger. These studies have attempted to estimate the impact of scale economies on aggregate productivity, and then to correct for th ...
May PMI signals continued strong manufacturing
... weights: New Orders - 0.3, Output - 0.25, Employment - 0.2, Suppliers' Delivery Times - 0.15, Stock of Items Purchased - 0.1, with the Delivery Times Index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. The Purchasing Managers’ Index® (PMI®) survey methodology has developed an outstanding repu ...
... weights: New Orders - 0.3, Output - 0.25, Employment - 0.2, Suppliers' Delivery Times - 0.15, Stock of Items Purchased - 0.1, with the Delivery Times Index inverted so that it moves in a comparable direction. The Purchasing Managers’ Index® (PMI®) survey methodology has developed an outstanding repu ...
GROWTH IN THE
... The purpose of this paper is to model the role of trade dependency in determining the access of a developing economy to the international credit market, and its desirable growth strategy. With full integration of capital markets the choice with respect to the inwardness of a technology is irrelevant ...
... The purpose of this paper is to model the role of trade dependency in determining the access of a developing economy to the international credit market, and its desirable growth strategy. With full integration of capital markets the choice with respect to the inwardness of a technology is irrelevant ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).