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... In other words, an economy’s “national innovation capacity” is appropriately defined “as the ability of a nation to not only produce new ideas but also to commercialize a flow of innovative technologies over the longer term” (European Commission 2004, 175). It is vital that conditions for innovation ...
... In other words, an economy’s “national innovation capacity” is appropriately defined “as the ability of a nation to not only produce new ideas but also to commercialize a flow of innovative technologies over the longer term” (European Commission 2004, 175). It is vital that conditions for innovation ...
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... Long-Term Fundamentals of South Florida Remain Strong for 2015 and Beyond: Strengthening the Cyclical Upturn ...
... Long-Term Fundamentals of South Florida Remain Strong for 2015 and Beyond: Strengthening the Cyclical Upturn ...
Implications of Behavioral Economics for Monetary Policy
... to treat workers in ways they consider unfair—either by cutting nominal wages or by raising nominal wages by less than workers think they should receive, causing inflation to “bottom out” as unemployment rises. For the United States, Clark, Laxton, and Rose (1996) find evidence of nonlinearity, althou ...
... to treat workers in ways they consider unfair—either by cutting nominal wages or by raising nominal wages by less than workers think they should receive, causing inflation to “bottom out” as unemployment rises. For the United States, Clark, Laxton, and Rose (1996) find evidence of nonlinearity, althou ...
Slide 1
... Genesis of PE in Botswana • Business in Botswana previously relied on Commercial banks to fund their operations • Start up relied on 3F’s (Family, Friends and Fool) for finance. • Resulted in funding gap • Government realized the gap and introduced the ...
... Genesis of PE in Botswana • Business in Botswana previously relied on Commercial banks to fund their operations • Start up relied on 3F’s (Family, Friends and Fool) for finance. • Resulted in funding gap • Government realized the gap and introduced the ...
Panama´s Opening Doors to Investment
... Discover the potential of developing and investing in commercial activities strategically located in the Reverted Areas of the Panama Canal and in terminal areas of the Atlantic and Pacific The Reverted Areas offer an incredible range of incentives and opportunities for investment ...
... Discover the potential of developing and investing in commercial activities strategically located in the Reverted Areas of the Panama Canal and in terminal areas of the Atlantic and Pacific The Reverted Areas offer an incredible range of incentives and opportunities for investment ...
Ch06-7e
... How do we measure unemployment and what other data do we use to monitor the labor market? Being employed alone does not determine standard of living; the cost of living also matters, so we also need to know what the Consumer Price Index is, and how that is measured and used. ...
... How do we measure unemployment and what other data do we use to monitor the labor market? Being employed alone does not determine standard of living; the cost of living also matters, so we also need to know what the Consumer Price Index is, and how that is measured and used. ...
A Gender Perspective on the National Economy
... mothers work- though this runs the risk that children will also be incorporated into the work force. • Elder daughters are also given the task of caring for younger siblings, putting their education at risk. • Provision of publically funded child care has increased maternal employment rates in Colom ...
... mothers work- though this runs the risk that children will also be incorporated into the work force. • Elder daughters are also given the task of caring for younger siblings, putting their education at risk. • Provision of publically funded child care has increased maternal employment rates in Colom ...
Document
... Official figures tend to overstate unemployment because Employment insurance and most welfare programs require recipients to seek employment some may act as if they are looking for work just to qualify for such programs Some who would prefer to work part time can find only full time work Some are ...
... Official figures tend to overstate unemployment because Employment insurance and most welfare programs require recipients to seek employment some may act as if they are looking for work just to qualify for such programs Some who would prefer to work part time can find only full time work Some are ...
New Product Proposals - Sheffield Hallam University
... • EFQM was created in 1988 with the endorsement of the European Commission • EFQM is membership based, not-for-profit organisation • EFQM is not a European bureaucracy • EFQM Mission Driving Force for Sustainable Excellence in Europe • EFQM Vision A world in which European organisations excel • Turk ...
... • EFQM was created in 1988 with the endorsement of the European Commission • EFQM is membership based, not-for-profit organisation • EFQM is not a European bureaucracy • EFQM Mission Driving Force for Sustainable Excellence in Europe • EFQM Vision A world in which European organisations excel • Turk ...
Population, Resources, and Energy in the Global
... The prices of non-renewable resources have also shown a recent uptrend that reverses a long-standing pattern of stable or declining prices (See Figure 3). There have been previous periods, for example the mid-1970s and the late 1980’s, when price spikes led to some speculation that the long-term dec ...
... The prices of non-renewable resources have also shown a recent uptrend that reverses a long-standing pattern of stable or declining prices (See Figure 3). There have been previous periods, for example the mid-1970s and the late 1980’s, when price spikes led to some speculation that the long-term dec ...
inventory investment
... meaning of productivity measurements. Output per worker falls in recessions because firms hold excess labor during slumps. Output per worker rises in expansions because firms put the excess labor back to work. Neither of these conditions has anything to do with the economy’s long-run potential to pr ...
... meaning of productivity measurements. Output per worker falls in recessions because firms hold excess labor during slumps. Output per worker rises in expansions because firms put the excess labor back to work. Neither of these conditions has anything to do with the economy’s long-run potential to pr ...
Lecture 5
... • There is a long-run average rate of quarterly growth- and it’s greater than zero. • But growth is not the same quarter after quarter, and some periods seem to have higher levels of dispersion of growth rates. • We might want to: • 1. raise the average rate of growth, and • 2. lower the dispersion ...
... • There is a long-run average rate of quarterly growth- and it’s greater than zero. • But growth is not the same quarter after quarter, and some periods seem to have higher levels of dispersion of growth rates. • We might want to: • 1. raise the average rate of growth, and • 2. lower the dispersion ...
View/Open
... shock was larger than in Spain (-3.7 per cent in 2009) and Greece (-3.3 per cent), although it was less dramatic than the output decline in Slovenia (-7.8 per cent) and in Estonia (-14.3 per cent). However, the Slovak economy recovered as early as 2010 and returned almost to the “normal” pre-boom gr ...
... shock was larger than in Spain (-3.7 per cent in 2009) and Greece (-3.3 per cent), although it was less dramatic than the output decline in Slovenia (-7.8 per cent) and in Estonia (-14.3 per cent). However, the Slovak economy recovered as early as 2010 and returned almost to the “normal” pre-boom gr ...
INDUSTRY 4.0 REVOLUTION. CHALLENGES AND
... % weight of manufacturing GVA on total activities GVA ...
... % weight of manufacturing GVA on total activities GVA ...
The Determinants of Labour Demand in the Lubelskie Voivodship
... Labour demand denotes the overall demand for the working force reported by economic entities, and is identified as the number of occupied (fulfilled demand) jobs, and vacancies (unfulfilled demand). The sum of occupied jobs is commonly referred to as “employed persons” or “paid employees”, although ...
... Labour demand denotes the overall demand for the working force reported by economic entities, and is identified as the number of occupied (fulfilled demand) jobs, and vacancies (unfulfilled demand). The sum of occupied jobs is commonly referred to as “employed persons” or “paid employees”, although ...
Wien, 30 - Tatra banka
... “Russia and Ukraine profit from their position as either energy or food exporters, the fact that their external positions are healthier than those of most SEE countries, as well as their huge potential for energy savings. The relative resilience of the CE countries stems from the low weighting of e ...
... “Russia and Ukraine profit from their position as either energy or food exporters, the fact that their external positions are healthier than those of most SEE countries, as well as their huge potential for energy savings. The relative resilience of the CE countries stems from the low weighting of e ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).