Secular Growth in Emerging Markets and How to Access It
... During 2008, investors witnessed the most severe correction in emerging market equity history amid levels of market volatility and uncertainty that were truly exceptional. As 2008 unfolded, events naturally provoked the question of whether the fundamental case for emerging markets had been weakened. ...
... During 2008, investors witnessed the most severe correction in emerging market equity history amid levels of market volatility and uncertainty that were truly exceptional. As 2008 unfolded, events naturally provoked the question of whether the fundamental case for emerging markets had been weakened. ...
The impact of government debt on aggregate investment
... in principle should foster productivity, there is substantial evidence that in advanced countries its effect could be muted or even adverse, according to a notion of diminishing returns to both physical and human capital (Miller and Upadhyay, 2000). As with the investment model, we report the result ...
... in principle should foster productivity, there is substantial evidence that in advanced countries its effect could be muted or even adverse, according to a notion of diminishing returns to both physical and human capital (Miller and Upadhyay, 2000). As with the investment model, we report the result ...
unemployed
... over the business cycle—unemployment increases during recessions and decreases during expansions. At full employment, there is no cyclical unemployment. At the business cycle trough, cyclical unemployment is ...
... over the business cycle—unemployment increases during recessions and decreases during expansions. At full employment, there is no cyclical unemployment. At the business cycle trough, cyclical unemployment is ...
in English - Duke CFO survey
... more pessimistic about the next twelve months. An alarming situation because a hard landing in China would entail a major and unprecedented impact on the world economy. In such scenario, substantial price declines in raw materials, energy and imports cannot be ruled out and may cause (longer term) d ...
... more pessimistic about the next twelve months. An alarming situation because a hard landing in China would entail a major and unprecedented impact on the world economy. In such scenario, substantial price declines in raw materials, energy and imports cannot be ruled out and may cause (longer term) d ...
Interactive Tool
... how real GDP can increase at the same time employment is falling. If real GDP grows more slowly (3.1%) than the increase in productivity (5.7%), fewer workers are needed to produce the real GDP. If unemployment is to fall, spending and output in the economy will have to grow faster than the increase ...
... how real GDP can increase at the same time employment is falling. If real GDP grows more slowly (3.1%) than the increase in productivity (5.7%), fewer workers are needed to produce the real GDP. If unemployment is to fall, spending and output in the economy will have to grow faster than the increase ...
Structural Change in an Open Economy
... or Taiwan. What happens to manufacturing in the larger, foreign country? Relative to au1 ...
... or Taiwan. What happens to manufacturing in the larger, foreign country? Relative to au1 ...
en_ Dematerialization Executive Summary - Karl
... dematerialization of products, services and entire value-added chains. No technological change of the past decades has cut into existing structures, processes as well as habits held dear as strongly and sustainably as precisely this dematerialization. It is thus remarkable that neither politics nor ...
... dematerialization of products, services and entire value-added chains. No technological change of the past decades has cut into existing structures, processes as well as habits held dear as strongly and sustainably as precisely this dematerialization. It is thus remarkable that neither politics nor ...
mmi14-Teulings 19104744 en
... transfer of wealth from current to future generations. Even a balance budget reform, which ploughs back all extra tax revenues from lower interest deductibility by lower tax rates, still leads to such a transfer of wealth. The reason is that current house prices reflect the net discounted value of t ...
... transfer of wealth from current to future generations. Even a balance budget reform, which ploughs back all extra tax revenues from lower interest deductibility by lower tax rates, still leads to such a transfer of wealth. The reason is that current house prices reflect the net discounted value of t ...
Are turning points in the economy—recessions
... At one level, it is not too surprising that most forecasters missed the onset of the last recession.While the economy had been sluggish since the spring of 2001, GDP growth did not turn negative till the third quarter of 2001. Quite possibly, GDP would not have dropped in the absence of the Septembe ...
... At one level, it is not too surprising that most forecasters missed the onset of the last recession.While the economy had been sluggish since the spring of 2001, GDP growth did not turn negative till the third quarter of 2001. Quite possibly, GDP would not have dropped in the absence of the Septembe ...
Why is there unemployment?
... is attributable to unemployed workers who are jobless for long periods of time. The rate of unemployment is the product of the number of jobless and their average duration of joblessness. – The average duration of unemployment (>14 weeks) increased over time from 35% in 1977 to 47% in 1996 and dec ...
... is attributable to unemployed workers who are jobless for long periods of time. The rate of unemployment is the product of the number of jobless and their average duration of joblessness. – The average duration of unemployment (>14 weeks) increased over time from 35% in 1977 to 47% in 1996 and dec ...
Chapter 18: Long-Run and Short
... • A harder question to answer is why has the quality of labor and capital grown more slowly since the early 1970s. • The growth of the Internet, which brings about an increase in the quality of capital, should lead to a “new age” of productivity growth. ...
... • A harder question to answer is why has the quality of labor and capital grown more slowly since the early 1970s. • The growth of the Internet, which brings about an increase in the quality of capital, should lead to a “new age” of productivity growth. ...
FEEM PPT Template
... – more modest economic contribution [than predicted by Input/Output] – uneven redistriburion of benefits (land used in non-tradeable sectors). – higher costs of living for local residents [inflated prices of goods, services and land – their income does not increase proportionately Input-Output model ...
... – more modest economic contribution [than predicted by Input/Output] – uneven redistriburion of benefits (land used in non-tradeable sectors). – higher costs of living for local residents [inflated prices of goods, services and land – their income does not increase proportionately Input-Output model ...
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... years). Then in the decade after 1982, labor-productivity growth was revised upwards by about 0.8 percent per year (8 percent/10 years). These data revisions actually removed a substantial part of the labor productivity slowdown about which so much was written in the last quarter century. Notwithsta ...
... years). Then in the decade after 1982, labor-productivity growth was revised upwards by about 0.8 percent per year (8 percent/10 years). These data revisions actually removed a substantial part of the labor productivity slowdown about which so much was written in the last quarter century. Notwithsta ...
Principles of Economics, Case and Fair,9e
... society’s scarce resources are fully and efficiently employed. Economic growth expands society’s production possibilities, shifting the ppf up and to the right. ...
... society’s scarce resources are fully and efficiently employed. Economic growth expands society’s production possibilities, shifting the ppf up and to the right. ...
Transfer of intellectual assets as a way of stimulating investment
... Abstract. Capability of intellectual assets to bring about economic benefits is one of the main conditions of involving them into economic activity. The most quickly developing business spheres are based on the usage of predominantly intellectual resources, their characteristic being their involveme ...
... Abstract. Capability of intellectual assets to bring about economic benefits is one of the main conditions of involving them into economic activity. The most quickly developing business spheres are based on the usage of predominantly intellectual resources, their characteristic being their involveme ...
Session 37, WTO Public Forum, 26 September 2012, 14:15
... specific to the industry, and LDCs which have limited export markets are encouraged to export to their neighbours in small quantities, with low costs. There is potential to increase these transactions step by step. The latest trade data show that it becomes more and more profitable to specialize in ...
... specific to the industry, and LDCs which have limited export markets are encouraged to export to their neighbours in small quantities, with low costs. There is potential to increase these transactions step by step. The latest trade data show that it becomes more and more profitable to specialize in ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).