Coastal flooding and wetland loss in the 21st century: changes
... flooding by storm surges; and (2) potential losses of coastal wetlands through the 21st century. These scenarios are derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Four different storylines are analysed: the A1FI, A2, B1 and B2 ‘worlds’ ...
... flooding by storm surges; and (2) potential losses of coastal wetlands through the 21st century. These scenarios are derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Four different storylines are analysed: the A1FI, A2, B1 and B2 ‘worlds’ ...
Second National Communication of Brazil to the United Nations
... emissions just in units of mass for the individual greenhouse gases, as presented in its Initial National Inventory. In Brazil’s view, the GWP does not adequately represent the relative contribution of the various greenhouse gases to climate change. Its use would overemphasize and erroneously stress ...
... emissions just in units of mass for the individual greenhouse gases, as presented in its Initial National Inventory. In Brazil’s view, the GWP does not adequately represent the relative contribution of the various greenhouse gases to climate change. Its use would overemphasize and erroneously stress ...
Fritz Reusswig, Lutz Meyer-Ohlendorf Social Representation of
... Climate change is one of the most striking problems in the world today, not only politically, but also economically. It has gained international political importance, however only in the last two decades. Before, it has long been mainly a scientific problem. This is not only because of its complexity ...
... Climate change is one of the most striking problems in the world today, not only politically, but also economically. It has gained international political importance, however only in the last two decades. Before, it has long been mainly a scientific problem. This is not only because of its complexity ...
Research Article Environmetrics
... (1993). In Gao et al. (2008), the authors concluded that their “uncertainty range is much smaller than the factor of 2 uncertainty estimate in the earlier studies.” The uncertainty distributions for four of the components are shown in Figure 3. Because radiative forcing is the change in net irradian ...
... (1993). In Gao et al. (2008), the authors concluded that their “uncertainty range is much smaller than the factor of 2 uncertainty estimate in the earlier studies.” The uncertainty distributions for four of the components are shown in Figure 3. Because radiative forcing is the change in net irradian ...
Natural Disaster Reduction in Coastal Lowland Areas
... In the early morning hours of Sunday, December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale struck the west coast of northern Sumatra with an epicentre located some 30 kilometres under the seabed and 250 kilometres south-southwest of Banda Aceh (OCHA, 2005). The earthquake trigg ...
... In the early morning hours of Sunday, December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale struck the west coast of northern Sumatra with an epicentre located some 30 kilometres under the seabed and 250 kilometres south-southwest of Banda Aceh (OCHA, 2005). The earthquake trigg ...
Biotechnology communication needs a rethink
... lack of adequate knowledge about science. The second was that these lacunae could be overcome by providing sufficient information about modern S&T to the people to supplant their lack of knowledge. This increased knowledge will induce the public to change its mindset and decide that both science and ...
... lack of adequate knowledge about science. The second was that these lacunae could be overcome by providing sufficient information about modern S&T to the people to supplant their lack of knowledge. This increased knowledge will induce the public to change its mindset and decide that both science and ...
'A spaciotemporal analysis of U.S. station temperature trends over the last century
... 2009]. These two are so-called short-range dependent processes. However, there is increasing evidence that the climate system is long-range serially correlated, unlike white noise, and over a longer range than AR(1) [e.g., Huybers and Curry, 2006; Koscielny-Bunde et al., 1998; Franzke, 2010]. For th ...
... 2009]. These two are so-called short-range dependent processes. However, there is increasing evidence that the climate system is long-range serially correlated, unlike white noise, and over a longer range than AR(1) [e.g., Huybers and Curry, 2006; Koscielny-Bunde et al., 1998; Franzke, 2010]. For th ...
A 5˚C Arctic in a 2˚C World
... the difference in recent annual averaged Arctic temperatures (2001–2012) from a baseline period of 1971–2000. Data are from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. It is clear that much of the Arctic already exceeds 2˚C warming, the upper limit for average global warming agreed to in Paris. Source Overland et al., 20 ...
... the difference in recent annual averaged Arctic temperatures (2001–2012) from a baseline period of 1971–2000. Data are from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. It is clear that much of the Arctic already exceeds 2˚C warming, the upper limit for average global warming agreed to in Paris. Source Overland et al., 20 ...
A Proposal for the Design of the Successor to the Kyoto Protocol*
... “integrated assessment models” (IAMs) have undertaken this exercise, typically with a time of step of a decade. These models can be useful in determining the ceiling on emissions during the next decade. While focusing on behavior in the near term, the agreement must recognize that abatement efforts ...
... “integrated assessment models” (IAMs) have undertaken this exercise, typically with a time of step of a decade. These models can be useful in determining the ceiling on emissions during the next decade. While focusing on behavior in the near term, the agreement must recognize that abatement efforts ...
Ice and Sea-level Change
... to the increased glacier flow on the Antarctic Peninsula and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet20,21. Modelling studies suggest that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is still responding to changes since the last ice age and that this may also be contributing to sea-level rise. The difference between the sum of the ...
... to the increased glacier flow on the Antarctic Peninsula and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet20,21. Modelling studies suggest that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is still responding to changes since the last ice age and that this may also be contributing to sea-level rise. The difference between the sum of the ...
Hydro_CC_0729 - University of Washington
... control: precipitation forecast. However, runoff forecast is expected to be more uncertain than that of global mean temperature and precipitation. Runoff is generally not spatially observed. The observed runoff is usually constructed from streamflow, a temporally lagged, spatial integral of runoff o ...
... control: precipitation forecast. However, runoff forecast is expected to be more uncertain than that of global mean temperature and precipitation. Runoff is generally not spatially observed. The observed runoff is usually constructed from streamflow, a temporally lagged, spatial integral of runoff o ...
Communiqué G7 Toyama Environment Ministers` Meeting (Toyama
... 21. Biodiversity plays a vital role for maintaining life-sustaining systems, and therefore is of paramount importance to all life on Earth including human beings. Biodiversity and the entirety of ...
... 21. Biodiversity plays a vital role for maintaining life-sustaining systems, and therefore is of paramount importance to all life on Earth including human beings. Biodiversity and the entirety of ...
Combat vs. Climate - Institute for Policy Studies
... As the comparison of the budgets for traditional military force and for climate security make clear, climate change does not occupy space in the federal budget commensurate with the threat it poses to our security. Bringing our security policy in line with our security budget therefore requires adju ...
... As the comparison of the budgets for traditional military force and for climate security make clear, climate change does not occupy space in the federal budget commensurate with the threat it poses to our security. Bringing our security policy in line with our security budget therefore requires adju ...
climate change law: the emergence of a new legal discipline
... not develop until a century later in the early 1990s.7 In recent years, we have witnessed more intense scientific and sociopolitical debates over climate change, with a growing sense of urgency regarding the need to address the problem. In Australia, Bonyhady and Christoff comment that 2006 was the ...
... not develop until a century later in the early 1990s.7 In recent years, we have witnessed more intense scientific and sociopolitical debates over climate change, with a growing sense of urgency regarding the need to address the problem. In Australia, Bonyhady and Christoff comment that 2006 was the ...
Impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems: a global
... In WGHM, the effect of human water withdrawals is simulated by subtracting total consumptive water use from river discharge and from water stored in lakes and reservoirs, if there are any in the grid cell. Consumptive use is the fraction of the withdrawn water that does not return to the river but i ...
... In WGHM, the effect of human water withdrawals is simulated by subtracting total consumptive water use from river discharge and from water stored in lakes and reservoirs, if there are any in the grid cell. Consumptive use is the fraction of the withdrawn water that does not return to the river but i ...
Buffelsdraai Information Booklet
... The Buffelsdraai Landfill Site Community Reforestation Project was selected and showcased in 2011 by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Momentum for Change Initiative as one of ten ‘Lighthouse Projects’ from around the world. The announcement was made by the UN Secret ...
... The Buffelsdraai Landfill Site Community Reforestation Project was selected and showcased in 2011 by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Momentum for Change Initiative as one of ten ‘Lighthouse Projects’ from around the world. The announcement was made by the UN Secret ...
How reversible is sea ice loss?
... the impact of stabilising climate at 4 × CO2 prior to ramping CO2 down to pre-industrial levels. Against global mean temperature, Arctic sea ice area is reversible, while the Antarctic sea ice shows some asymmetric behaviour – its rate of change slower, with falling temperatures, than its rate of ch ...
... the impact of stabilising climate at 4 × CO2 prior to ramping CO2 down to pre-industrial levels. Against global mean temperature, Arctic sea ice area is reversible, while the Antarctic sea ice shows some asymmetric behaviour – its rate of change slower, with falling temperatures, than its rate of ch ...
WHAT IS WRONG WITH STERN? Peter Lilley MP The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... when people will be many times richer than us and far better equipped to adapt to, prevent or even reverse global warming. Moreover, the worst threat - of melting icecaps raising sea levels dramatically – would, according to the IPCC, take millennia to arrive - even if temperatures rise substantiall ...
... when people will be many times richer than us and far better equipped to adapt to, prevent or even reverse global warming. Moreover, the worst threat - of melting icecaps raising sea levels dramatically – would, according to the IPCC, take millennia to arrive - even if temperatures rise substantiall ...
Climate Resilient Floodplains
... temperatures are too warm for the crops typically grown in the Stillaguamish and wetter spring conditions make it more difficult to plant earlier to avoid the warmer August temperatures. This squeeze, it was noted, may occur even as climate change-induced drought in California creates higher demand ...
... temperatures are too warm for the crops typically grown in the Stillaguamish and wetter spring conditions make it more difficult to plant earlier to avoid the warmer August temperatures. This squeeze, it was noted, may occur even as climate change-induced drought in California creates higher demand ...
Policy Tools for Local Adaptation to Sea Level Rise
... There is a growing sense of urgency among the scientific community that adaptation actions need to begin now. Significant delay into the next decade or beyond as climate continues to change reduces choices and options and increases the probability of more difficult and costly adjustments, accommodat ...
... There is a growing sense of urgency among the scientific community that adaptation actions need to begin now. Significant delay into the next decade or beyond as climate continues to change reduces choices and options and increases the probability of more difficult and costly adjustments, accommodat ...