Hadronization of Quark Theories
... Here the sign factor ǫH (q) controls the norm of the mesonic state a+ H |0i ≡ |Hi. In general there will be many states with unphysical norms since the bare mesons are produced by ladder diagrams only and may not be directly related to physical particles. This situation presents no fundamental diffi ...
... Here the sign factor ǫH (q) controls the norm of the mesonic state a+ H |0i ≡ |Hi. In general there will be many states with unphysical norms since the bare mesons are produced by ladder diagrams only and may not be directly related to physical particles. This situation presents no fundamental diffi ...
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... being recovered at the Planck scale. In fact, the thermodynamic arrow of time is related to the psychological arrow of time, and at the Planck scale, the latter is missing because there are no observers. This is not just a matter of philosophy, but it is a real handicap. The "events" of our causal s ...
... being recovered at the Planck scale. In fact, the thermodynamic arrow of time is related to the psychological arrow of time, and at the Planck scale, the latter is missing because there are no observers. This is not just a matter of philosophy, but it is a real handicap. The "events" of our causal s ...
slides on Quantum Isometry Groups
... Classical ismoetries: the group of Riemannian isometries of a compact Riemannian manifold M is the universal object in the category of all compact metrizable groups acting on M, with smooth and isometric action. Moreover, a smooth map γ on M is a Riemannian isometry if and only if the induced map f ...
... Classical ismoetries: the group of Riemannian isometries of a compact Riemannian manifold M is the universal object in the category of all compact metrizable groups acting on M, with smooth and isometric action. Moreover, a smooth map γ on M is a Riemannian isometry if and only if the induced map f ...
Part I: Understanding String Theory
... To fully understand string theory is not a trivial endeavor. It is a synthesis of over a century of scientific advancement and draws from a wide variety of concepts familiar to physicists. String theory is often presented as a so-called grand unified theory (GUT); an attempt to describe the behavior ...
... To fully understand string theory is not a trivial endeavor. It is a synthesis of over a century of scientific advancement and draws from a wide variety of concepts familiar to physicists. String theory is often presented as a so-called grand unified theory (GUT); an attempt to describe the behavior ...
Spin and uncertainty in the interpretation of quantum mechanics
... theory. As shown in every text in quantum mechanics, the probability distribution for the ground state of a hydrogenlike atom is spherically symmetric, and it is assumed to be static, because the Schrödinger current vanishes. However, Eq. (2.3) implies that the Pauli current does not vanish in this ...
... theory. As shown in every text in quantum mechanics, the probability distribution for the ground state of a hydrogenlike atom is spherically symmetric, and it is assumed to be static, because the Schrödinger current vanishes. However, Eq. (2.3) implies that the Pauli current does not vanish in this ...
Quantum mechanics reality and separability
... and r and tz are two q u a n t u m states having disjoint supports in physical space (namely r is different from zero only in region R~ and r in region R2, where R~ and R~ are completely separated regions of physical space). I n spite of the latter fact, there are observables 0 of the q u a n t u m ...
... and r and tz are two q u a n t u m states having disjoint supports in physical space (namely r is different from zero only in region R~ and r in region R2, where R~ and R~ are completely separated regions of physical space). I n spite of the latter fact, there are observables 0 of the q u a n t u m ...
Introduction to theoretical chemistry 2 semesters
... • What can we learn about the stability and properties of a material by analyzing its electronic orbitals? Such knowledge will allow more powerful prediction. What was known before? • Why is it necessary to consider quantum mechanics? Why does classical mechanics fail? • What is an electronic orbita ...
... • What can we learn about the stability and properties of a material by analyzing its electronic orbitals? Such knowledge will allow more powerful prediction. What was known before? • Why is it necessary to consider quantum mechanics? Why does classical mechanics fail? • What is an electronic orbita ...
Stochastic simulations of conditional states of partially observed
... into two separate environments, only one of which is accessible to our detectors. Such partially observed systems cannot be described by a stochastic Schrödinger equation (SSE) [6, 7, 8], but rather requires a more general form of a quantum trajectory that has been called a stochastic master equati ...
... into two separate environments, only one of which is accessible to our detectors. Such partially observed systems cannot be described by a stochastic Schrödinger equation (SSE) [6, 7, 8], but rather requires a more general form of a quantum trajectory that has been called a stochastic master equati ...
Title Robustness of quantum spin Hall effect in an external magnetic
... The quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) is a novel state of quantum matter, in which an electric field can generate a transverse spin current [1–4]. A quantum spin Hall system has a bulk gap between the conduction and valence bands meanwhile processing a pair of gapless helical edge states surrounding t ...
... The quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) is a novel state of quantum matter, in which an electric field can generate a transverse spin current [1–4]. A quantum spin Hall system has a bulk gap between the conduction and valence bands meanwhile processing a pair of gapless helical edge states surrounding t ...
Momentum Maps, Dual Pairs and Reduction in
... An even stronger condition on ? is the following. Definition 2.9 Let (M, ω, ψ, J) be a hamiltonian G-space. A star product ? is strongly invariant if ~i [J(v), f ]? = {J(v), f }, for all v ∈ g and f ∈ C ∞ (M ). In this case, the quantum g-action has a quantum momentum map given P by iJ itself. Recal ...
... An even stronger condition on ? is the following. Definition 2.9 Let (M, ω, ψ, J) be a hamiltonian G-space. A star product ? is strongly invariant if ~i [J(v), f ]? = {J(v), f }, for all v ∈ g and f ∈ C ∞ (M ). In this case, the quantum g-action has a quantum momentum map given P by iJ itself. Recal ...
Zero ^0 infinity Sept 21
... Few examples of encountering exceptions and inconsistencies if we include infinity in the natural number system 1/ Different sets having the same cardinality, suggested by Cantor is being observed by mathematicians although with reservations (1). Intuitively, a limited set such as natural numbers s ...
... Few examples of encountering exceptions and inconsistencies if we include infinity in the natural number system 1/ Different sets having the same cardinality, suggested by Cantor is being observed by mathematicians although with reservations (1). Intuitively, a limited set such as natural numbers s ...
Unparticle_Dark_Matter_(GUT07)
... • Spectral function of the unparticle has very unusual behavior! Because of the conformal invariance in the unparticle sector, unparticle propagator and the phase space are completely different from the usual scalar case, especially, its momentum dependence goes: 1/(p2)2-d (d: dimension of the unpar ...
... • Spectral function of the unparticle has very unusual behavior! Because of the conformal invariance in the unparticle sector, unparticle propagator and the phase space are completely different from the usual scalar case, especially, its momentum dependence goes: 1/(p2)2-d (d: dimension of the unpar ...
Cosmology
... wave and the other as a particle. To be more precise, it was verified that when we are looking for photons, the behavior of the light is clearly that of a wave. However, when we want to observe a photon, its behavior is that of a particle. The first signs that the material world is a lot different t ...
... wave and the other as a particle. To be more precise, it was verified that when we are looking for photons, the behavior of the light is clearly that of a wave. However, when we want to observe a photon, its behavior is that of a particle. The first signs that the material world is a lot different t ...
The Emergence of Classical Dynamics in a Quantum World
... Even more difficult to explain is how the chaotic behavior of classical, nonlinear systems emerges from the behavior of quantum systems. Classical, nonlinear, dynamical systems exhibit extreme sensitivity to initial conditions. This means that, if the initial states of two identical copies of a syst ...
... Even more difficult to explain is how the chaotic behavior of classical, nonlinear systems emerges from the behavior of quantum systems. Classical, nonlinear, dynamical systems exhibit extreme sensitivity to initial conditions. This means that, if the initial states of two identical copies of a syst ...
Two-dimensional quantum gravity may be formulated as a
... obtained from continuum formulations of 2d gravity, based on conformal field theory techniques' Most of those results were however restricted to fixed 2d topology. Very recently it was shown that a continuum limit for the sum over all topologies of 2d manifolds may also be defined explicitly.-·6 For ...
... obtained from continuum formulations of 2d gravity, based on conformal field theory techniques' Most of those results were however restricted to fixed 2d topology. Very recently it was shown that a continuum limit for the sum over all topologies of 2d manifolds may also be defined explicitly.-·6 For ...
Holism and Structuralism in U(1) Gauge Theory - Philsci
... F → π −1 (Ui ) within some open set Ui ⊂ M. In order to obtain the global bundle structure the local charts φi must be glued together with transition functions tij (p) = (φ−1 ◦ φj ) (p). If all transition functions can be taken to be the identity the bundle is called trivial. In this case not only i ...
... F → π −1 (Ui ) within some open set Ui ⊂ M. In order to obtain the global bundle structure the local charts φi must be glued together with transition functions tij (p) = (φ−1 ◦ φj ) (p). If all transition functions can be taken to be the identity the bundle is called trivial. In this case not only i ...