Words in the Brain - Rice University -
... – the key to understanding linguistic structure – sheds light on how the brain works in general • Surprisingly, neuroscientists can’t tell us how the brain processes information – To ask them is like asking an electronic engineer how a computer calculates the orbit of a satellite or how a computer t ...
... – the key to understanding linguistic structure – sheds light on how the brain works in general • Surprisingly, neuroscientists can’t tell us how the brain processes information – To ask them is like asking an electronic engineer how a computer calculates the orbit of a satellite or how a computer t ...
BRAIN Response inhibition and serotonin in autism: depletion
... (WHO, 1992). There is substantial indirect evidence that these symptoms are underpinned by deficits in executive function and in particular inhibitory control (Hill, 2004). The neuroanatomical systems proposed to be involved in the RSRB typically found in ASD include the inferior frontal and cingula ...
... (WHO, 1992). There is substantial indirect evidence that these symptoms are underpinned by deficits in executive function and in particular inhibitory control (Hill, 2004). The neuroanatomical systems proposed to be involved in the RSRB typically found in ASD include the inferior frontal and cingula ...
BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
Attitudes and Evaluation 1 Attitudes and Evaluation
... In addition to evidence dissociating valence and arousal, other evidence suggests that positive and negative components of valence may also be processed distinctly (Cacioppo & Bernstein, 1994). For example, Davidson and colleagues have found using EEG that there appear to be separate systems for app ...
... In addition to evidence dissociating valence and arousal, other evidence suggests that positive and negative components of valence may also be processed distinctly (Cacioppo & Bernstein, 1994). For example, Davidson and colleagues have found using EEG that there appear to be separate systems for app ...
The effect of word imagery on priming effect under a preconscious
... semantic priming, compared with nonimagery conditions. This is referred to as the imagery effect [Nittono et al., 2002; Paivio, 1991]. Indirect evidence on word imagery of the word can be found in studies using concrete versus abstract words. According to the concreteness effect, concrete words are ...
... semantic priming, compared with nonimagery conditions. This is referred to as the imagery effect [Nittono et al., 2002; Paivio, 1991]. Indirect evidence on word imagery of the word can be found in studies using concrete versus abstract words. According to the concreteness effect, concrete words are ...
14: The Brain and Cranial Nerves
... The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum, which controls the higher mental functions such as thought, memory and conscious movement. The cerebrum is divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres, and covered by a surface layer of gray matter or neural cortex (cerebral cortex). The surface is ...
... The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum, which controls the higher mental functions such as thought, memory and conscious movement. The cerebrum is divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres, and covered by a surface layer of gray matter or neural cortex (cerebral cortex). The surface is ...
Chapter 103: Application Of Imaging Technologies In The
... Because the ability of drugs of abuse to increase extracellular DA concentration is considered crucial for their reinforcing effects, the estimation of DA changes becomes particularly relevant. PET and SPECT enable one to carry such measures in the human brain using radioligands that bind with relat ...
... Because the ability of drugs of abuse to increase extracellular DA concentration is considered crucial for their reinforcing effects, the estimation of DA changes becomes particularly relevant. PET and SPECT enable one to carry such measures in the human brain using radioligands that bind with relat ...
Brain stem representation of thermal and psychogenic sweating in
... sympathetic sudomotor nerves. The prevailing view, based on animal studies, is that thermal sweating depends ultimately on the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (18, 34, 50, 51), while psychogenic sweating is believed to be driven from the forebrain (21, 44). Clues to the regions of the human brai ...
... sympathetic sudomotor nerves. The prevailing view, based on animal studies, is that thermal sweating depends ultimately on the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (18, 34, 50, 51), while psychogenic sweating is believed to be driven from the forebrain (21, 44). Clues to the regions of the human brai ...
Understanding-Psychology-8th-Edition-Morris-Test-Bank
... A teacher grading papers opens the door of the room in which she has been working and becomes aware of loud rock music coming from her son's radio. When she asks him to turn it off, he asks why she is just noticing it now when he's had it on for over 20 minutes. Which of the following psychological ...
... A teacher grading papers opens the door of the room in which she has been working and becomes aware of loud rock music coming from her son's radio. When she asks him to turn it off, he asks why she is just noticing it now when he's had it on for over 20 minutes. Which of the following psychological ...
Superior digit memory of abacus experts
... more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important roles in visuo-motor processing [14]. Another possibility is ...
... more efficient to mentally manipulate large numbers using a spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important roles in visuo-motor processing [14]. Another possibility is ...
Carlson (7e) PowerPoint Lecture Outline Chapter 3: Structure of the
... CSF is also contained within four brain ventricles ...
... CSF is also contained within four brain ventricles ...
Syntactic frame and verb bias in aphasia: Plausibility judgments of
... subjects are generally more difficult than sentences with agentive subjects, and (3) whether comprehension difficulty is influenced by the match or mismatch between syntactic structure and the lexical bias of the verb, as predicted by Menn (2000) and Gahl (2002). If, as postulated by Kegl (1995), aphasic ...
... subjects are generally more difficult than sentences with agentive subjects, and (3) whether comprehension difficulty is influenced by the match or mismatch between syntactic structure and the lexical bias of the verb, as predicted by Menn (2000) and Gahl (2002). If, as postulated by Kegl (1995), aphasic ...
Structural Abnormalities of the Central Auditory Pathway in Infants
... middle ear disorder (Paradise, 1980) in one or both ears, as well as those with an abnormal hearing level (ABR air conduction threshold above 30 dB nHL bilaterally or unilaterally), were excluded from the study. Twenty-seven NSCL/P infants with normal middle and inner ear function and normal bilater ...
... middle ear disorder (Paradise, 1980) in one or both ears, as well as those with an abnormal hearing level (ABR air conduction threshold above 30 dB nHL bilaterally or unilaterally), were excluded from the study. Twenty-seven NSCL/P infants with normal middle and inner ear function and normal bilater ...
The Basics of Brain Development | SpringerLink
... epiblast cells and the lower layer contains hypoblast cells. By the end of the third week, the embryo is transformed through a set of processes that are referred to collectively as gastrulation into a three-layered structure. While this may seem to be a simple change, the transformations of cell lin ...
... epiblast cells and the lower layer contains hypoblast cells. By the end of the third week, the embryo is transformed through a set of processes that are referred to collectively as gastrulation into a three-layered structure. While this may seem to be a simple change, the transformations of cell lin ...
Echokinetic yawning, theory of mind, and empathy
... recognition of faces, both their identity and their expression, apparently through its own autonomous, non-hippocampal memory (4). As for the superior temporal sulcus (STS), it is specifically activated during perception of eye and mouth movements, which suggests its implication in the visual percep ...
... recognition of faces, both their identity and their expression, apparently through its own autonomous, non-hippocampal memory (4). As for the superior temporal sulcus (STS), it is specifically activated during perception of eye and mouth movements, which suggests its implication in the visual percep ...
disrupted brain thyroid hormone homeostasis
... Developmental Disorders at the University of Maryland; donor and the donated brain tissue profiles are presented in Table 1. A total of 11 control and 10 ASD cases were examined. For cerebellar (CB) analysis a total of 5 control and 5 ASD cases were used, for the brain stem (BST) analysis, a total o ...
... Developmental Disorders at the University of Maryland; donor and the donated brain tissue profiles are presented in Table 1. A total of 11 control and 10 ASD cases were examined. For cerebellar (CB) analysis a total of 5 control and 5 ASD cases were used, for the brain stem (BST) analysis, a total o ...
Metal Ions in Alzheimer`s Disease Brain
... although the magnitude of change may depend on each particular brain region [37,43,44]. The elevated iron levels registered in the neocortex could be related to the accumulation of iron with ageing described in that region [37], while in other areas like hippocampus and amygdala iron concentration d ...
... although the magnitude of change may depend on each particular brain region [37,43,44]. The elevated iron levels registered in the neocortex could be related to the accumulation of iron with ageing described in that region [37], while in other areas like hippocampus and amygdala iron concentration d ...
Separate neural subsystems within `Wernicke`s area`
... In contrast, functional neuroimaging studies of speech perception have drawn attention to the role of lateral auditory projections in speech processing (Binder et al., 1996, 2000; Belin et al., 2000). The authors of these studies concluded that analysis of the complex acoustic features of the human ...
... In contrast, functional neuroimaging studies of speech perception have drawn attention to the role of lateral auditory projections in speech processing (Binder et al., 1996, 2000; Belin et al., 2000). The authors of these studies concluded that analysis of the complex acoustic features of the human ...
Lecoq J, Savall J, Vucinic D, Grewe BF, Kim H, Li
... of somatic Ca2+ activity in V1 and LM during visual stimuli depended significantly on the mouse’s behavioral state, rising respectively from 0.032 ± 0.001 s−1 (mean ± s.e.m.) and 0.035 ± 0.002 s−1 when the mouse was resting, to 0.06 ± 0.002 s−1 and 0.08 ± 0.003 s−1 during locomotor behavior (two-tai ...
... of somatic Ca2+ activity in V1 and LM during visual stimuli depended significantly on the mouse’s behavioral state, rising respectively from 0.032 ± 0.001 s−1 (mean ± s.e.m.) and 0.035 ± 0.002 s−1 when the mouse was resting, to 0.06 ± 0.002 s−1 and 0.08 ± 0.003 s−1 during locomotor behavior (two-tai ...
Mirror neurons and the social nature of language
... social cognition are underpinned by brain mechanisms originally evolved for sensorimotor integration. It is proposed that these mechanisms were later on adapted as new neurofunctional architecture for thought and language, while retaining their original functions as well. By neural exploitation, soc ...
... social cognition are underpinned by brain mechanisms originally evolved for sensorimotor integration. It is proposed that these mechanisms were later on adapted as new neurofunctional architecture for thought and language, while retaining their original functions as well. By neural exploitation, soc ...
Comparison of alterations in cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation in
... NIRS data with significant artifacts were excluded from the analysis. Thus, data from 30 patients with depression, 28 patients with AD, and 33 healthy controls were analyzed. Although [oxy-Hb], [deoxy-Hb], and total hemoglobin concentrations can be measured by NIRS, we concentrated on [oxy-Hb], whic ...
... NIRS data with significant artifacts were excluded from the analysis. Thus, data from 30 patients with depression, 28 patients with AD, and 33 healthy controls were analyzed. Although [oxy-Hb], [deoxy-Hb], and total hemoglobin concentrations can be measured by NIRS, we concentrated on [oxy-Hb], whic ...
Perception, action, and word meanings in the human brain: the case
... that are responsible for the behavioral interactions. That is, these results provide evidence of interaction, but not of isomorphism between word meanings and perception. First, it is possible that interaction between perception and comprehension happens in secondary perceptual regions such as the p ...
... that are responsible for the behavioral interactions. That is, these results provide evidence of interaction, but not of isomorphism between word meanings and perception. First, it is possible that interaction between perception and comprehension happens in secondary perceptual regions such as the p ...
Perception, action, and word meanings in the human brain
... that are responsible for the behavioral interactions. That is, these results provide evidence of interaction, but not of isomorphism between word meanings and perception. First, it is possible that interaction between perception and comprehension happens in secondary perceptual regions such as the p ...
... that are responsible for the behavioral interactions. That is, these results provide evidence of interaction, but not of isomorphism between word meanings and perception. First, it is possible that interaction between perception and comprehension happens in secondary perceptual regions such as the p ...
Brain Uncoupling Protein 2: Uncoupled Neuronal Mitochondria
... immunolabeled for either c-fos alone or UC P2 and c-fos (sheep anti-cfos, 1:2000; C ambridge Research Biochemicals, Wilmington, DE) using the protocol described above. Sections from experimental and control groups were identified by placing marks on them and were processed in the same vials using th ...
... immunolabeled for either c-fos alone or UC P2 and c-fos (sheep anti-cfos, 1:2000; C ambridge Research Biochemicals, Wilmington, DE) using the protocol described above. Sections from experimental and control groups were identified by placing marks on them and were processed in the same vials using th ...
Neurolinguistics
Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. As an interdisciplinary field, neurolinguistics draws methodology and theory from fields such as neuroscience, linguistics, cognitive science, neurobiology, communication disorders, neuropsychology, and computer science. Researchers are drawn to the field from a variety of backgrounds, bringing along a variety of experimental techniques as well as widely varying theoretical perspectives. Much work in neurolinguistics is informed by models in psycholinguistics and theoretical linguistics, and is focused on investigating how the brain can implement the processes that theoretical and psycholinguistics propose are necessary in producing and comprehending language. Neurolinguists study the physiological mechanisms by which the brain processes information related to language, and evaluate linguistic and psycholinguistic theories, using aphasiology, brain imaging, electrophysiology, and computer modeling.