Why do octaves sound the same?
... Risset generated Shepard-tone-like sounds, with stretched octaves in lieu of pure octaves, that when transposed up by an octave actually sound like they decrease in pitch (1986). Both Deutsch (1982) and Risset (1986) thus conclude that for certain tasks, proximity of tones or, alternately, melodic c ...
... Risset generated Shepard-tone-like sounds, with stretched octaves in lieu of pure octaves, that when transposed up by an octave actually sound like they decrease in pitch (1986). Both Deutsch (1982) and Risset (1986) thus conclude that for certain tasks, proximity of tones or, alternately, melodic c ...
What light have resting state fMRI studies shed on cognition and
... Much remains unknown about non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which have variable occurrence, progression, and severity among patients. The existing suite of neuroimaging tools has yielded insight that cannot be garnered by traditional methods such as behavioral and post-mortem assessme ...
... Much remains unknown about non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which have variable occurrence, progression, and severity among patients. The existing suite of neuroimaging tools has yielded insight that cannot be garnered by traditional methods such as behavioral and post-mortem assessme ...
The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
... 1. Introduction The basal ganglia (BG) work in concert with cortex to orchestrate and execute planned, motivated behaviors requiring motor, cognitive, and limbic circuits. While best known for their motor functions, the BG are involved in several aspects of goal-directed behaviors, including not onl ...
... 1. Introduction The basal ganglia (BG) work in concert with cortex to orchestrate and execute planned, motivated behaviors requiring motor, cognitive, and limbic circuits. While best known for their motor functions, the BG are involved in several aspects of goal-directed behaviors, including not onl ...
Motor functions
... These axons constitute corticospinal tract, known also as the pyramidal tract. • This tract descends from the cerebral cortex (frontal motor and premotor cortices, ...
... These axons constitute corticospinal tract, known also as the pyramidal tract. • This tract descends from the cerebral cortex (frontal motor and premotor cortices, ...
From Network Architecture of Forebrain Systems to Brain Wide Web
... in forebrain circuits can be related to addictive behaviour and compulsive drug use. Her research extends from molecular neurobiology and biochemistry to neurophysiology and behavioural studies, using animal models of human disease. Limbic system with related networks was the prime theme of her pres ...
... in forebrain circuits can be related to addictive behaviour and compulsive drug use. Her research extends from molecular neurobiology and biochemistry to neurophysiology and behavioural studies, using animal models of human disease. Limbic system with related networks was the prime theme of her pres ...
Rule-Selection and Action-Selection have a Shared
... models have often overlooked it. This is not a necessary limitation and one might predict parallel hierarchies in parietal cortex based on the frequent coactivation of parietal and frontal regions in tasks of cognitive control (Duncan and Owen 2000; Duncan 2006); similar properties of parietal and p ...
... models have often overlooked it. This is not a necessary limitation and one might predict parallel hierarchies in parietal cortex based on the frequent coactivation of parietal and frontal regions in tasks of cognitive control (Duncan and Owen 2000; Duncan 2006); similar properties of parietal and p ...
Biological Foundations of Behaviour
... of the blood vessels within the brain contain smaller gaps than elsewhere in the body, and they are also covered by a specialized type of glial cell (Cserr & Bundgaard, 1986). Together, the smaller gaps and glial cells keep many foreign substances from gaining access to the brain. Recent research ha ...
... of the blood vessels within the brain contain smaller gaps than elsewhere in the body, and they are also covered by a specialized type of glial cell (Cserr & Bundgaard, 1986). Together, the smaller gaps and glial cells keep many foreign substances from gaining access to the brain. Recent research ha ...
Is Political Cognition Like Riding a Bicycle?
... More recently, Zaller (1990; Zaller & Feldman, 1992) took a more socialcognitive view of political attitude assessment. He suggested that most people have multiple considerations (i.e., facts and beliefs that could be considered) that are potentially relevant to most survey items. What varies from t ...
... More recently, Zaller (1990; Zaller & Feldman, 1992) took a more socialcognitive view of political attitude assessment. He suggested that most people have multiple considerations (i.e., facts and beliefs that could be considered) that are potentially relevant to most survey items. What varies from t ...
11 Attention
... attentional mechanisms Brain imaging studies Show that cortical activity is altered by attention Psychology 355 ...
... attentional mechanisms Brain imaging studies Show that cortical activity is altered by attention Psychology 355 ...
Single nucleotide polymorphism in the neuroplastin locus
... effects in the left and right hemispheres indicate that these values are higher for the left hemisphere, suggesting that the languagedominant left cerebral cortex may be under stronger genetic control than the right cortex.8 Second, age-related differences in the heritability of cortical thickness i ...
... effects in the left and right hemispheres indicate that these values are higher for the left hemisphere, suggesting that the languagedominant left cerebral cortex may be under stronger genetic control than the right cortex.8 Second, age-related differences in the heritability of cortical thickness i ...
Development of the Nervous System
... part called the roof plate, where previously there hasn’t yet been much proliferation. This proliferation rapidly occurs, and there is natural expansion of the roof plate. This pushes the alar plates more laterally, and so their relationship to the basal plates is that they are lateral to them rathe ...
... part called the roof plate, where previously there hasn’t yet been much proliferation. This proliferation rapidly occurs, and there is natural expansion of the roof plate. This pushes the alar plates more laterally, and so their relationship to the basal plates is that they are lateral to them rathe ...
Activity Overview Continued - The University of Texas Health
... which helps control voluntary movement. Just behind this area, in the front part the parietal lobe, is the sensory area which also receives information about temperature, touch, pressure, and pain. The sensory and motor areas communicate with each other to control input of sensations from the body a ...
... which helps control voluntary movement. Just behind this area, in the front part the parietal lobe, is the sensory area which also receives information about temperature, touch, pressure, and pain. The sensory and motor areas communicate with each other to control input of sensations from the body a ...
US Copyright Law
... describe similar relations in the body as a whole; therefore, the brain's orientation with respect to the body determines the coordinate frame of reference that is used to describe anatomical relationships in the brain. But some confusing aspects of the terminology arise from differences in how the ...
... describe similar relations in the body as a whole; therefore, the brain's orientation with respect to the body determines the coordinate frame of reference that is used to describe anatomical relationships in the brain. But some confusing aspects of the terminology arise from differences in how the ...
Cortical control of saccades and fixation in man
... Fig. 2 Comparison of adjusted mean rCBF in eight subjects between reflexive saccades and fixation (A) and remembered saccades and fixation (B). The results are displayed as statistical parametric maps in three projections, sagittal, coronal and transverse. The grid is the stereotactic grid of Talair ...
... Fig. 2 Comparison of adjusted mean rCBF in eight subjects between reflexive saccades and fixation (A) and remembered saccades and fixation (B). The results are displayed as statistical parametric maps in three projections, sagittal, coronal and transverse. The grid is the stereotactic grid of Talair ...
Action Representation in Mirror Neurons
... strongest vision-only and motor responses. In conclusion, area F5 contains a population of neurons—audio-visual mirror neurons—that discharge not just to the execution or observation of a specific action but also when this action can only be heard. Multimodal neurons have been described in several c ...
... strongest vision-only and motor responses. In conclusion, area F5 contains a population of neurons—audio-visual mirror neurons—that discharge not just to the execution or observation of a specific action but also when this action can only be heard. Multimodal neurons have been described in several c ...
The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord
... • Sensory neurons that enter a low level of the spinal cord are more medial within the spinal cord • Sensory neurons that enter at a higher level of the spinal cord are more lateral within the spinal cord ...
... • Sensory neurons that enter a low level of the spinal cord are more medial within the spinal cord • Sensory neurons that enter at a higher level of the spinal cord are more lateral within the spinal cord ...
The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord
... • Sensory neurons that enter a low level of the spinal cord are more medial within the spinal cord • Sensory neurons that enter at a higher level of the spinal cord are more lateral within the spinal cord ...
... • Sensory neurons that enter a low level of the spinal cord are more medial within the spinal cord • Sensory neurons that enter at a higher level of the spinal cord are more lateral within the spinal cord ...
MODULE 4: MOTOR AND SOMATOSENSORY PATHWAYS
... concept of upper and lower motor neurons applies to the corticobulbar tract and cranial nerve motor nuclei. Signs of lower motor neuron lesions include muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and hyporeflexia. Fasciculations are abnormal muscle twitches caused by spontaneous activity in groups of ...
... concept of upper and lower motor neurons applies to the corticobulbar tract and cranial nerve motor nuclei. Signs of lower motor neuron lesions include muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and hyporeflexia. Fasciculations are abnormal muscle twitches caused by spontaneous activity in groups of ...
Articulation-based sound perception in verbal repetition: a functional
... in which neural activities representing speech sounds are more likely to be directly modulated by frequency and duration of sound waves. However, the latter regards speech perception as a process in an articulatory domain, not in an acoustic domain (Liberman and Mattingly, 1985; Fowler, 1986). In th ...
... in which neural activities representing speech sounds are more likely to be directly modulated by frequency and duration of sound waves. However, the latter regards speech perception as a process in an articulatory domain, not in an acoustic domain (Liberman and Mattingly, 1985; Fowler, 1986). In th ...
Tracking Whole-Brain Connectivity Dynamics in the Resting State
... task-free resting state but are equally involved in task performance (Calhoun et al. 2008; Smith et al. 2009). Such substructure reveals the modular organization of different systems, with communication “hubs,” in graph theoretical terms (Hagmann et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2009). This dramatically ...
... task-free resting state but are equally involved in task performance (Calhoun et al. 2008; Smith et al. 2009). Such substructure reveals the modular organization of different systems, with communication “hubs,” in graph theoretical terms (Hagmann et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2009). This dramatically ...
Chapter Two: The Musical Brain
... auditory discrimination Electrical package (music) sent to thalamus These impulses flow to the auditory cortex on the left side of the brain and light up the brain during PET or MRI scans ...
... auditory discrimination Electrical package (music) sent to thalamus These impulses flow to the auditory cortex on the left side of the brain and light up the brain during PET or MRI scans ...
Historical analysis of the neural control of movement from the
... in stimulating a variety of receptors. However, following Graham Brown (1882–1965), the essential rhythmicity was subsequently established as originating from a spinal “walking center” (central pattern generator), with its timing and strength of action modified by reflex action but not uniquely depe ...
... in stimulating a variety of receptors. However, following Graham Brown (1882–1965), the essential rhythmicity was subsequently established as originating from a spinal “walking center” (central pattern generator), with its timing and strength of action modified by reflex action but not uniquely depe ...