Development of neuromotor prostheses
... Richard Normann at the University of Utah (Jones et al., 1992; Maynard et al., 1997) and later developed through Bionic Technologies, Ltd. We have collaborated with the group at Utah to further develop and test the ‘Bionic array’ as a chronically implantable device in primates (Figs 2 and 3). The ar ...
... Richard Normann at the University of Utah (Jones et al., 1992; Maynard et al., 1997) and later developed through Bionic Technologies, Ltd. We have collaborated with the group at Utah to further develop and test the ‘Bionic array’ as a chronically implantable device in primates (Figs 2 and 3). The ar ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to study the operational organization of the human brain, but the exact relationship between the measured fMRI signal and the underlying neural activity is unclear. Here we present simultaneous intracortical recordings of neural signals and ...
... Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to study the operational organization of the human brain, but the exact relationship between the measured fMRI signal and the underlying neural activity is unclear. Here we present simultaneous intracortical recordings of neural signals and ...
LiebermanSSSP2002REV - Sydney Symposium of Social
... or flight’ response implicating the amygdala as part of an automatic avoidance system. Alternatively, the basal ganglia seem to serve as part of an automatic approach system, responding to various predictors of reward (Depue & Collins, 1999; Lieberman, 2000a; Schultz, 1998). Neuroimaging studies of ...
... or flight’ response implicating the amygdala as part of an automatic avoidance system. Alternatively, the basal ganglia seem to serve as part of an automatic approach system, responding to various predictors of reward (Depue & Collins, 1999; Lieberman, 2000a; Schultz, 1998). Neuroimaging studies of ...
thE hEADAChE + PAiN RELiEF CENTRE
... Stress by itself does not cause a headache. In many chronic-pain patients, however, stress produces a release of catecholamines, the ‘fight or flight’ hormones. These hormones prime our muscles into action, increase the efficiency of the nervous system, boost circulation, and put the brain on extra- ...
... Stress by itself does not cause a headache. In many chronic-pain patients, however, stress produces a release of catecholamines, the ‘fight or flight’ hormones. These hormones prime our muscles into action, increase the efficiency of the nervous system, boost circulation, and put the brain on extra- ...
Altered States of Consciousness
... you are walking down a country lane, absorbed in thought. Birds are chirping, roses are in bloom and the sun feels warm on your face. Suddenly, you hear a dog bark and you switch your attention to seeing if the animal means to bite. ...
... you are walking down a country lane, absorbed in thought. Birds are chirping, roses are in bloom and the sun feels warm on your face. Suddenly, you hear a dog bark and you switch your attention to seeing if the animal means to bite. ...
Visual Memory and Visual Perception Recruit
... Visual spatial processing can subserve item identification or spatial localization, which can be considered distinct processing domains. Given that there has been a long history of work aimed at delineating the neural substrates of visual spatial processing in monkeys (nonhuman primates), the visual ...
... Visual spatial processing can subserve item identification or spatial localization, which can be considered distinct processing domains. Given that there has been a long history of work aimed at delineating the neural substrates of visual spatial processing in monkeys (nonhuman primates), the visual ...
Nervous System Outline
... • Association fibers – connect different parts of the same hemisphere ...
... • Association fibers – connect different parts of the same hemisphere ...
Orbital Frontal Cortex Slides
... Early theory • Neuronal response to rewards and punishment. Same behavioral and cognitive neuronal sequelae. • Brain areas extracting the value of choice should display reward selectivity before those areas responsible for using the value information to control behavior and cognition. ...
... Early theory • Neuronal response to rewards and punishment. Same behavioral and cognitive neuronal sequelae. • Brain areas extracting the value of choice should display reward selectivity before those areas responsible for using the value information to control behavior and cognition. ...
Modulation of early cortical processing during divided attention to
... owing to the low temporal resolution of the methods employed, these studies are not suitable for investigating whether or not any cost involved in splitting the spotlight might impact on the precise temporal locus of attention, i.e. whether the modulation might occur during initial feedforward proce ...
... owing to the low temporal resolution of the methods employed, these studies are not suitable for investigating whether or not any cost involved in splitting the spotlight might impact on the precise temporal locus of attention, i.e. whether the modulation might occur during initial feedforward proce ...
Hierarchical somatosensory processing
... the existence of bilateral neurons with RFs for the skin of the trunk across the midline [61] and for the bilateral joints [1,2,65]. Taoka e[crL ((23”]; hl Taoka, T Toda, Y Iwamura, Sot ;‘vpuro.k Abstr 1997, 23: 1007) have shown that the RF properties of bilateral neurons are more complex in the ant ...
... the existence of bilateral neurons with RFs for the skin of the trunk across the midline [61] and for the bilateral joints [1,2,65]. Taoka e[crL ((23”]; hl Taoka, T Toda, Y Iwamura, Sot ;‘vpuro.k Abstr 1997, 23: 1007) have shown that the RF properties of bilateral neurons are more complex in the ant ...
contextual influences on visual processing
... make the remarkable discovery that the responses of neurons within Wernicke’s area (for example) are correlated with behavioral judgments (of, for instance, whether the frequency modulation was high-to-low or low-to-high). Although this finding would offer an interesting (and perhaps satisfyingly pa ...
... make the remarkable discovery that the responses of neurons within Wernicke’s area (for example) are correlated with behavioral judgments (of, for instance, whether the frequency modulation was high-to-low or low-to-high). Although this finding would offer an interesting (and perhaps satisfyingly pa ...
Brain - American Museum of Natural History
... • People with larger brains are smarter than people with smaller brains. (False) Although this was a belief commonly held and debated in the 19th and early 20th centuries, brain size among individuals does not vary significantly. The brains of people who were widely considered to be smarter than most ...
... • People with larger brains are smarter than people with smaller brains. (False) Although this was a belief commonly held and debated in the 19th and early 20th centuries, brain size among individuals does not vary significantly. The brains of people who were widely considered to be smarter than most ...
Neural Network
... developed neural networks that could as memories Self-organizing networks (Grossberg) ...
... developed neural networks that could as memories Self-organizing networks (Grossberg) ...
issues and problems in brain magnetic resonance imaging
... a area of great importance and much research. Many of methods applied are interactive, though efforts are being made to be replaced with fully automatic expert systems. It should be highly automated, robust, efficient and reliable in order to make a full use of the acquired data. However, supervised ...
... a area of great importance and much research. Many of methods applied are interactive, though efforts are being made to be replaced with fully automatic expert systems. It should be highly automated, robust, efficient and reliable in order to make a full use of the acquired data. However, supervised ...
A Verbose Guide to Dissection of the Sheep`s Brain H
... on other sensory modalities, the optic nerve is punier (see alligator). In the Ganges River dolphin, "this nerve is as thin as a thread" (Pilleri & Gihr, 1970), as vision is of little use in its turgid environment. The 5th cranial nerve, the trigeminal, actually consists of two nerves running togeth ...
... on other sensory modalities, the optic nerve is punier (see alligator). In the Ganges River dolphin, "this nerve is as thin as a thread" (Pilleri & Gihr, 1970), as vision is of little use in its turgid environment. The 5th cranial nerve, the trigeminal, actually consists of two nerves running togeth ...
free - Piero Scaruffi
... – Max Wertheimer (1912) • Perception is more than the sum of the things perceived • Form is the elementary unit of perception • You recognize my face even if it’s different – Wolfgang Kohler (1925) • Problem-solving as sudden insight • Restructuring of the field of perception ...
... – Max Wertheimer (1912) • Perception is more than the sum of the things perceived • Form is the elementary unit of perception • You recognize my face even if it’s different – Wolfgang Kohler (1925) • Problem-solving as sudden insight • Restructuring of the field of perception ...
Thalamic Activity that Drives Visual Cortical Plasticity
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
connect_review_20150316 - Royal Holloway, University of London
... and demonstrate how purely feedforward connections could give rise to these responses in posterior STS. There are also responses sensitive to biological motion outside of occipitotemporal cortex, including responses in inferior frontal cortex in the vicinity of premotor cortex (Saygin et al., 2004) ...
... and demonstrate how purely feedforward connections could give rise to these responses in posterior STS. There are also responses sensitive to biological motion outside of occipitotemporal cortex, including responses in inferior frontal cortex in the vicinity of premotor cortex (Saygin et al., 2004) ...
Cortical region interactions and the functional role of apical
... the node to move its receptive field away from the current stimulus. The same learning rule is used to adjust synaptic weights on the apical dendrite, so that learning at the apical synapses is modulated by the strength of activation at the basal dendrites (Spratling, 1999). Apical and basal synapse ...
... the node to move its receptive field away from the current stimulus. The same learning rule is used to adjust synaptic weights on the apical dendrite, so that learning at the apical synapses is modulated by the strength of activation at the basal dendrites (Spratling, 1999). Apical and basal synapse ...
The Nervous System
... net weight of the brain suspended in the CSF is equivalent to a mass of 25 grams. The brain therefore exists in neutral buoyancy, which allows the brain to maintain its density without being impaired by its own weight, which would cut off blood supply and kill neurons in the lower sections without C ...
... net weight of the brain suspended in the CSF is equivalent to a mass of 25 grams. The brain therefore exists in neutral buoyancy, which allows the brain to maintain its density without being impaired by its own weight, which would cut off blood supply and kill neurons in the lower sections without C ...
Braingate Systems.ppt
... of firing of C and AP fibers, the firing of the nonnociceptive fiber may inhibit the firing of the projection neuron and the transmission of pain stimuliGate control theory thus explains how stimulus that activates only nonnociceptive nerves can inhibit pain. The pain seems to be lessened when the a ...
... of firing of C and AP fibers, the firing of the nonnociceptive fiber may inhibit the firing of the projection neuron and the transmission of pain stimuliGate control theory thus explains how stimulus that activates only nonnociceptive nerves can inhibit pain. The pain seems to be lessened when the a ...
Investigation of the central regulation of taste perception and
... theories have emerged, and the most popular theory stated that antagonistic centers play role in the regulation of food intake. The stimulation of the so-called hungercenter, localized in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), causes complex foodsearching and consummative responses, so the animal rec ...
... theories have emerged, and the most popular theory stated that antagonistic centers play role in the regulation of food intake. The stimulation of the so-called hungercenter, localized in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), causes complex foodsearching and consummative responses, so the animal rec ...
Spindle-Like Thalamocortical Synchronization in a Rat Brain Slice
... cortical areas (n ⫽ 25; Figs. 1C and 2). These oscillations were recorded at both cortical (500 –1200 m from the pia) and thalamic recording sites (VB or RTN) and were characterized by bursts of field potential waves of negative-positive polarity at frequencies ranging from 9 to 16 Hz. The overall ...
... cortical areas (n ⫽ 25; Figs. 1C and 2). These oscillations were recorded at both cortical (500 –1200 m from the pia) and thalamic recording sites (VB or RTN) and were characterized by bursts of field potential waves of negative-positive polarity at frequencies ranging from 9 to 16 Hz. The overall ...
Adams et al
... and octopamine, which bind to the tyra3 receptor, are closely related structurally to the vertebrate neuromodulator norepinephrine, which has been hypothesized to regulate exploration/exploitation tradeoffs in primates and humans [13,14]. It is tempting to speculate that individual differences in ex ...
... and octopamine, which bind to the tyra3 receptor, are closely related structurally to the vertebrate neuromodulator norepinephrine, which has been hypothesized to regulate exploration/exploitation tradeoffs in primates and humans [13,14]. It is tempting to speculate that individual differences in ex ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.