Spinogenesis and pruning in the primary auditory
... cells of the primary auditory area (A1) in monkeys aged 2 days to 41/2 years old. We found that, while peak spinogenesis was observed at 31/2 months of age (see also (Bourgeois and Goldman-Rakic, 1993; Bourgeois et al., 1994; Lidow et al., 1991; Zecevic et al., 1989; Zecevic and Rakic, 1991)), the b ...
... cells of the primary auditory area (A1) in monkeys aged 2 days to 41/2 years old. We found that, while peak spinogenesis was observed at 31/2 months of age (see also (Bourgeois and Goldman-Rakic, 1993; Bourgeois et al., 1994; Lidow et al., 1991; Zecevic et al., 1989; Zecevic and Rakic, 1991)), the b ...
vocabulary - anatomy and physiology one
... Describe the blood supply to the brain, using the following terms: internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, basilar artery, cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis), anterior cerebral arteries, middle anterior arteries, and inferior interior arteries. Describe the blood brain barrier and di ...
... Describe the blood supply to the brain, using the following terms: internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, basilar artery, cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis), anterior cerebral arteries, middle anterior arteries, and inferior interior arteries. Describe the blood brain barrier and di ...
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM Composed of somatic parts of CNS
... Presynaptic sympathetic fibers pass through the celiac prevertebral ganglia without synapsing and terminate directly on the adrenal gland medulla o These medulla cells are really postsynaptic neurons that release their neurotransmitters into the bloodstream—producing WIDESPREAD SYMPATHETIC RESPONSE ...
... Presynaptic sympathetic fibers pass through the celiac prevertebral ganglia without synapsing and terminate directly on the adrenal gland medulla o These medulla cells are really postsynaptic neurons that release their neurotransmitters into the bloodstream—producing WIDESPREAD SYMPATHETIC RESPONSE ...
The Basal Ganglia Anatomy, Physiology, etc. Overview
... School of Medicine Phelps Center for Cerebral Palsy & Neurodevelopmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute [email protected] ...
... School of Medicine Phelps Center for Cerebral Palsy & Neurodevelopmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute [email protected] ...
Motor Pathways
... Postural adjustments & voluntary movements depend more on cerebellar and basal ganglia function than reflexes ...
... Postural adjustments & voluntary movements depend more on cerebellar and basal ganglia function than reflexes ...
Hippocampus – Why is it studied so frequently?
... compensates the unidirectional type of neuronal connections between the hippocampal structures. Duvernoy 13 introduced the name “polysynaptic pathway”, based on the findings that the subiculum also takes part in the intrinsic hippocampal circuitry. The polysynaptic pathway thus, is the chain of at l ...
... compensates the unidirectional type of neuronal connections between the hippocampal structures. Duvernoy 13 introduced the name “polysynaptic pathway”, based on the findings that the subiculum also takes part in the intrinsic hippocampal circuitry. The polysynaptic pathway thus, is the chain of at l ...
The Chemical Senses
... Most patients with a loss of taste actually have a dysfunction of the olfactory system. ...
... Most patients with a loss of taste actually have a dysfunction of the olfactory system. ...
lungs – bronchia – pleura
... We have to envision the development of the spinal cord and the spine progressively from the cervical (C), thoracic (T) and lumbar spine (L) to the sacrum; first, in a round configuration equal to the ring form of the intestine. We can speak of an upper and lower section of the spine only after the g ...
... We have to envision the development of the spinal cord and the spine progressively from the cervical (C), thoracic (T) and lumbar spine (L) to the sacrum; first, in a round configuration equal to the ring form of the intestine. We can speak of an upper and lower section of the spine only after the g ...
Exam 5 Study Guide
... Explain the structure of an idealized neuron, including the functions of all the parts: cell body, dendrites, dendritic spines, axon hillock, axon, axon collateral, myelin sheath, neurofibril node (node of Ranvier), axon terminal, synaptic knobs. Be able to identify these parts on a diagram or model ...
... Explain the structure of an idealized neuron, including the functions of all the parts: cell body, dendrites, dendritic spines, axon hillock, axon, axon collateral, myelin sheath, neurofibril node (node of Ranvier), axon terminal, synaptic knobs. Be able to identify these parts on a diagram or model ...
Cranial Nerve VII
... The taste buds synapse with the peripheral processes of special sensory neurons from CN VII. These neurons generate action potentials in response to the taste bud's receptor potentials. The peripheral processes of these neurons follow the lingual nerve and then chorda tympani to the petrous portion ...
... The taste buds synapse with the peripheral processes of special sensory neurons from CN VII. These neurons generate action potentials in response to the taste bud's receptor potentials. The peripheral processes of these neurons follow the lingual nerve and then chorda tympani to the petrous portion ...
“Parcelation of the White Matter Using DTI: Insights into the
... are the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure. The fornix also has a small commissural component (hippocampal commissure) however, due to its predominant association fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric function ...
... are the corpus callosum and the anterior commissure. The fornix also has a small commissural component (hippocampal commissure) however, due to its predominant association fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric function ...
Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human
... cells in the human cerebral cortex as 3, 7, 14, 19 –23, or 21–26 billion neurons and, very recently, 28 –39 billion glial cells (Pelvig et al., 2008), and the number of cells in the human cerebellum has been estimated as 70 or 101 billion neurons (Lange, 1975; Andersen et al., 1992) and fewer than 4 ...
... cells in the human cerebral cortex as 3, 7, 14, 19 –23, or 21–26 billion neurons and, very recently, 28 –39 billion glial cells (Pelvig et al., 2008), and the number of cells in the human cerebellum has been estimated as 70 or 101 billion neurons (Lange, 1975; Andersen et al., 1992) and fewer than 4 ...
07-Control of Movement
... The brain area responsible for developing rapid, coordinated responses or habits. Located behind and beneath the cerebral cortex; outer surface is extremely convoluted; represents 10% of the brain’s mass, but contains more than half of its neurons. Ballistic movement—A habitual, rapid, well-practice ...
... The brain area responsible for developing rapid, coordinated responses or habits. Located behind and beneath the cerebral cortex; outer surface is extremely convoluted; represents 10% of the brain’s mass, but contains more than half of its neurons. Ballistic movement—A habitual, rapid, well-practice ...
The Frontal Lobes: Movement and Morality Part I
... s moral thinking and behavior. It is to -histask that I have devoted a considerible amount of time during the past iecade. Working as a synthesist, I have !allowed a wide range of research in ~euroscience,psychology, and philosophy in an attempt to pull these studies bogether into a meaningful whole ...
... s moral thinking and behavior. It is to -histask that I have devoted a considerible amount of time during the past iecade. Working as a synthesist, I have !allowed a wide range of research in ~euroscience,psychology, and philosophy in an attempt to pull these studies bogether into a meaningful whole ...
Lactate Receptor Sites Link Neurotransmission
... Lactate, acting as a buffer between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, is exchanged as a fuel between cells and tissues, depending on glycolytic and oxidative rates (Brooks 2009). The brain exports lactate at rest, but once blood lactate levels rise, for example, during physical exertion, there is ...
... Lactate, acting as a buffer between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, is exchanged as a fuel between cells and tissues, depending on glycolytic and oxidative rates (Brooks 2009). The brain exports lactate at rest, but once blood lactate levels rise, for example, during physical exertion, there is ...
MCQ
... 81. Damage to the right frontal eye field results in which of the following: a. the patient cannot look upward b. the patient cannot voluntarily look to the right c. both eyes are deviated to the left at rest d. both eyes are deviated to the right at rest e. double vision occurs f. none of the abov ...
... 81. Damage to the right frontal eye field results in which of the following: a. the patient cannot look upward b. the patient cannot voluntarily look to the right c. both eyes are deviated to the left at rest d. both eyes are deviated to the right at rest e. double vision occurs f. none of the abov ...
Saladin 5e Extended Outline
... 2. Somesthetic signals from the head, such as facial sensations, travel by way of several cranial nerves (especially the trigeminal nerve, CN V) to the pons and medulla oblongata. a. In the brainstem, the first-order fibers of these neurons synapse with secondorder neurons that decussate and end in ...
... 2. Somesthetic signals from the head, such as facial sensations, travel by way of several cranial nerves (especially the trigeminal nerve, CN V) to the pons and medulla oblongata. a. In the brainstem, the first-order fibers of these neurons synapse with secondorder neurons that decussate and end in ...
lecture 1 () - Stanford Department of Mathematics
... OUR MOST IMPORTANT PERSONAL COMPUTER Parietal Lobe ...
... OUR MOST IMPORTANT PERSONAL COMPUTER Parietal Lobe ...
Jennifer S. Lund
... intrinsic axonal relays. The rationale of these studies was to consider these projections as either the serial forward running relays of two kinds of thalamic information, which we knew enter the cortex and terminate in different divisions of layer 4, or feedback projections along the same intrinsic ...
... intrinsic axonal relays. The rationale of these studies was to consider these projections as either the serial forward running relays of two kinds of thalamic information, which we knew enter the cortex and terminate in different divisions of layer 4, or feedback projections along the same intrinsic ...
2015 Paget Lecture transcript Four stories about the brain
... system works. And to do it by telling four little stories about pieces of research, two of which I’ve been involved in, my lab has been involved in, two of which I haven’t worked in but I think there are some interesting conclusions that come from these four little stories. This is a view of the hum ...
... system works. And to do it by telling four little stories about pieces of research, two of which I’ve been involved in, my lab has been involved in, two of which I haven’t worked in but I think there are some interesting conclusions that come from these four little stories. This is a view of the hum ...
Structural changes that occur during normal aging of primate
... neurons, but recent studies have shown there is no significant cortical neuronal loss with age. Neurons acquire pigment, but the only other obvious changes are in layer 1 of neocortex. Layer 1 becomes thinner as apical tufts of pyramidal cells lose branches, as well as synapses, and at the same time ...
... neurons, but recent studies have shown there is no significant cortical neuronal loss with age. Neurons acquire pigment, but the only other obvious changes are in layer 1 of neocortex. Layer 1 becomes thinner as apical tufts of pyramidal cells lose branches, as well as synapses, and at the same time ...
Brainstem Jeopardy!
... Answer: breathing, digestion, heart/blood vessel function, swallowing, sneezing, the relay of information, brain and spinal cord, coordination Back ...
... Answer: breathing, digestion, heart/blood vessel function, swallowing, sneezing, the relay of information, brain and spinal cord, coordination Back ...
Cholinergic modulation of synaptic properties of cortical layer VI
... The second order somatosensory thalamic nucleus (posteromedial nucleus, PoM) receives excitatory projection from layer VI of somatosensory cortex. While it is known that layer VI cortical input to first order, ventrobasal nucleus (VB) is modulated by cholinergic projections from the brainstem, no su ...
... The second order somatosensory thalamic nucleus (posteromedial nucleus, PoM) receives excitatory projection from layer VI of somatosensory cortex. While it is known that layer VI cortical input to first order, ventrobasal nucleus (VB) is modulated by cholinergic projections from the brainstem, no su ...
Proprioception and Discriminatory Touch – Dorsal Column/Medial
... internal arcuate fibers,crosses the midline and ascends in the medial lemniscus (ML) just dorsal to the medullary pyramid (pyramidal tract). Fibers representing sacral dermatomes are located most ventrally in the ...
... internal arcuate fibers,crosses the midline and ascends in the medial lemniscus (ML) just dorsal to the medullary pyramid (pyramidal tract). Fibers representing sacral dermatomes are located most ventrally in the ...
Review Historical aspects of the anatomy of the reticular formation
... With this experiment, he showed that the brain, in order to maintain a state of wakefulness, needs to receive stimuli from the brainstem or from the brain itself. Removal of these stimuli leads to a state of persistent sleepiness. In his article New research on the mechanism of sleep,13 Bremer repor ...
... With this experiment, he showed that the brain, in order to maintain a state of wakefulness, needs to receive stimuli from the brainstem or from the brain itself. Removal of these stimuli leads to a state of persistent sleepiness. In his article New research on the mechanism of sleep,13 Bremer repor ...
Anatomy of the cerebellum
The anatomy of the cerebellum can be viewed at three levels. At the level of large-scale anatomy, the cerebellum consists of a tightly folded and crumpled layer of cortex, with white matter underneath, several deep nuclei embedded in the white matter, and a fluid-filled ventricle in the middle. At the intermediate level, the cerebellum and its auxiliary structures can be decomposed into several hundred or thousand independently functioning modules or ""microzones"". At the microscopic level, each module consists of the same small set of neuronal elements, laid out with a highly stereotyped geometry.