Slide 1
... 28.5 The action potential propagates itself along the axon The frequency of action potentials (but not their strength) changes with the strength of the stimulus. ...
... 28.5 The action potential propagates itself along the axon The frequency of action potentials (but not their strength) changes with the strength of the stimulus. ...
power point Link
... Major Headings in this Lesson • The Command Center of the Body • The Parts of the Nervous System • Problems of the Nervous System • Taking Care of Your Nervous ...
... Major Headings in this Lesson • The Command Center of the Body • The Parts of the Nervous System • Problems of the Nervous System • Taking Care of Your Nervous ...
Cognitive control - Translational Neuromodeling Unit
... situations that tax or exceed the individual's resources. • Developmental study of self-regulation with roots in socio-emotional development. For example, it was shown that children can obtain a preferred but delayed reward by imagining a kind of metal frame around an immediately available treat. • ...
... situations that tax or exceed the individual's resources. • Developmental study of self-regulation with roots in socio-emotional development. For example, it was shown that children can obtain a preferred but delayed reward by imagining a kind of metal frame around an immediately available treat. • ...
How Does the Brain Develop?
... In the course of development, changes take place both in the brain and in behavior. Scientists assume that these two lines of development are closely linked. As the brain develops, neurons become more and more intricately connected, and these increasingly complex interconnections underlie increased ...
... In the course of development, changes take place both in the brain and in behavior. Scientists assume that these two lines of development are closely linked. As the brain develops, neurons become more and more intricately connected, and these increasingly complex interconnections underlie increased ...
Artificial Neural Networks Introduction to connectionism
... formulated two laws of adaptation: “the law of effect” and “the law of exercise”. ...
... formulated two laws of adaptation: “the law of effect” and “the law of exercise”. ...
The Two Sides of Mimesis
... pre-motor cortex of the macaque monkey brain. These neurons were defined ‘mirror neurons‘ (Gallese et al., 1996; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). Mirror neurons fire both when the monkey performs goal-directed motor acts like grasping objects with the hand and/or the mouth, and when it observes similar act ...
... pre-motor cortex of the macaque monkey brain. These neurons were defined ‘mirror neurons‘ (Gallese et al., 1996; Rizzolatti et al., 1996). Mirror neurons fire both when the monkey performs goal-directed motor acts like grasping objects with the hand and/or the mouth, and when it observes similar act ...
Somatic regions Limbic These functionally distinct
... 5) At the base of the midbrain (ventral side) one finds a fiber bundle that shows great differences in relative size in different species. Give examples. What are the fibers called and where do they originate? 8) A decussating group of axons called the brachium conjunctivum also varies greatly in ...
... 5) At the base of the midbrain (ventral side) one finds a fiber bundle that shows great differences in relative size in different species. Give examples. What are the fibers called and where do they originate? 8) A decussating group of axons called the brachium conjunctivum also varies greatly in ...
... Litt et al. cite philosopher Patricia Churchland, a vocal critic of Orch OR, who said: “ . . . the explanatory vacuum is catastrophic. Pixie dust in the synapses is about as explanatorily powerful as quantum coherence in the microtubules” (Churchland, 1998, p. 597). (The term “quantum coherence” is ...
What insights can fMRI offer into the structure and function of mid-tier visual areas?
... the sub-populations of neurons. Brouwer and Heeger took advantage of the fact that—for whatever reason—each fMRI voxel in V1 has a slight orientation bias (Kamitani & Tong, 2005; Sun et al., 2013). Using these biased voxels as indicators of the underlying neural subpopulations, they were able to est ...
... the sub-populations of neurons. Brouwer and Heeger took advantage of the fact that—for whatever reason—each fMRI voxel in V1 has a slight orientation bias (Kamitani & Tong, 2005; Sun et al., 2013). Using these biased voxels as indicators of the underlying neural subpopulations, they were able to est ...
head and face trauma
... a. Divisions (1) Cerebrum - each lobe named after skull plates that lie immediately above (a) Cortex controls i Voluntary skeletal movement - interference with will result in extremity paresthesia, weakness and/ or paralysis ii Level of awareness - part of consciousness (b) Frontal lobe - personalit ...
... a. Divisions (1) Cerebrum - each lobe named after skull plates that lie immediately above (a) Cortex controls i Voluntary skeletal movement - interference with will result in extremity paresthesia, weakness and/ or paralysis ii Level of awareness - part of consciousness (b) Frontal lobe - personalit ...
Challenges of understanding brain function by selective modulation
... Beyond the first stages of sensory processing or the penultimate stages of motor processing, most networks in the brain cannot be approximated by a feedforward structure. Higher brain areas exhibit more recurrency for which it is non-trivial to reveal the specific activity patterns that implement a ...
... Beyond the first stages of sensory processing or the penultimate stages of motor processing, most networks in the brain cannot be approximated by a feedforward structure. Higher brain areas exhibit more recurrency for which it is non-trivial to reveal the specific activity patterns that implement a ...
Sounds of Silence BU scientists are helping a paralyzed man utter his
... that didn’t exist. And when these tricks were discovered, Erik’s father recalls, “he would just die laughing,” an involuntary, spasm-like response that he still has when something amuses or excites him. But then two bouts of pneumonia robbed him of the stamina and reaction time needed to spell out w ...
... that didn’t exist. And when these tricks were discovered, Erik’s father recalls, “he would just die laughing,” an involuntary, spasm-like response that he still has when something amuses or excites him. But then two bouts of pneumonia robbed him of the stamina and reaction time needed to spell out w ...
Emo7onal decision‐making systems and their role in addic7on
... known to have short‐term “reinforcing effects” (but long‐term negative consequences) should be less likely or problematic for individuals scoring higher on tasks that assess this ability. ...
... known to have short‐term “reinforcing effects” (but long‐term negative consequences) should be less likely or problematic for individuals scoring higher on tasks that assess this ability. ...
Resting-state functional connectivity in neuropsychiatric disorders
... Linking RSNs to their putative functions is invariably based on inference, as by definition, the subjects are not performing a task when the RSNs are identified. This inference is relatively straightforward for the primary motor and sensory RSNs in which case it is safe to assume, for example, that ...
... Linking RSNs to their putative functions is invariably based on inference, as by definition, the subjects are not performing a task when the RSNs are identified. This inference is relatively straightforward for the primary motor and sensory RSNs in which case it is safe to assume, for example, that ...
Calculating Consequences - Human Reward and Decision Making lab
... to exclude those with a previous history of neurological or psychiatric gap ⫽ 0 mm) with BOLD contrast. To recover signal loss from dropout illness. All subjects gave informed consent, and the study was approved in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) (O’Doherty et al., 2002), each by the Institut ...
... to exclude those with a previous history of neurological or psychiatric gap ⫽ 0 mm) with BOLD contrast. To recover signal loss from dropout illness. All subjects gave informed consent, and the study was approved in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) (O’Doherty et al., 2002), each by the Institut ...
A Verbose Guide to Dissection of the Sheep`s Brain H
... and make a guess as to the locations of the two sensory cortical areas that have been identified in sheep (see Fig. 13). Visual cortex is situated posterior, and somatosensory, anterior, in accordance with the universal mammalian pattern. Somewhere between them is auditory cortex, which I think has ...
... and make a guess as to the locations of the two sensory cortical areas that have been identified in sheep (see Fig. 13). Visual cortex is situated posterior, and somatosensory, anterior, in accordance with the universal mammalian pattern. Somewhere between them is auditory cortex, which I think has ...
Age-related differences in brain activity underlying identification of
... fiducial volume from the first imaging run in the scanning session. The alignment parameters were computed by an iterative weighted least squares fit to the reference volume. The peak range of head motion was less than 1.3 mm for all subjects. Motion corrected images were then spatially normalized t ...
... fiducial volume from the first imaging run in the scanning session. The alignment parameters were computed by an iterative weighted least squares fit to the reference volume. The peak range of head motion was less than 1.3 mm for all subjects. Motion corrected images were then spatially normalized t ...
Brain and effort: brain activation and effort-related working
... working memory dysfunction between episodes and sometimes even after the hypersomnia has receded (Landtblom et al., 2002, 2003; Engström et al., 2009). These problems involving working memory and attention take place in the context of preserved general cognitive capacity and—which is of particular i ...
... working memory dysfunction between episodes and sometimes even after the hypersomnia has receded (Landtblom et al., 2002, 2003; Engström et al., 2009). These problems involving working memory and attention take place in the context of preserved general cognitive capacity and—which is of particular i ...
Emergentism
... lifestyle, publications, relations to other people, and so on. The notion of supervenience is usually brought in when the relation between the higher and lower levels is too complex to be mapped out ...
... lifestyle, publications, relations to other people, and so on. The notion of supervenience is usually brought in when the relation between the higher and lower levels is too complex to be mapped out ...
What Do Mirror Neurons Mean?
... species that may play a major role in bootstrapping more sophisticated cognitive social skills (we are back to the nature/nurture debate). At present we can only make hypotheses about the relevant neural mechanisms underpinning the still poorly understood (from a functional point of view) mentalizin ...
... species that may play a major role in bootstrapping more sophisticated cognitive social skills (we are back to the nature/nurture debate). At present we can only make hypotheses about the relevant neural mechanisms underpinning the still poorly understood (from a functional point of view) mentalizin ...
Neurobehavioral evidence for individual differences in
... functions are not strictly modular, occurring instead across networks (Farah 1994). Regional ablation may remove cortex important for a certain type of processing, but also sever connections between other regions not lesioned. Fourth, because these brain lesions were irreversible, they did not allow ...
... functions are not strictly modular, occurring instead across networks (Farah 1994). Regional ablation may remove cortex important for a certain type of processing, but also sever connections between other regions not lesioned. Fourth, because these brain lesions were irreversible, they did not allow ...
Crossmodal and action-specific: neuroimaging the human mirror
... If humans are endowed with such neurons as well, many have argued that this would provide an explanation for how people solve the ‘correspondence problem’ [4,10] of imitation and of learning and understanding actions performed by others. Given the anatomical location of F5 – in the premotor cortex – ...
... If humans are endowed with such neurons as well, many have argued that this would provide an explanation for how people solve the ‘correspondence problem’ [4,10] of imitation and of learning and understanding actions performed by others. Given the anatomical location of F5 – in the premotor cortex – ...
3 Behavioral Neuroscience - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... studies how heredity affects behavior. Research in behavioral genetics has found evidence of a hereditary basis for characteristics as diverse as divorce (Jocklin, McGue, & Lykken, 1996), empathy (Plomin, 1994), and intelligence (Petrill & Wilkerson, 2000). To appreciate behavioral genetics, it help ...
... studies how heredity affects behavior. Research in behavioral genetics has found evidence of a hereditary basis for characteristics as diverse as divorce (Jocklin, McGue, & Lykken, 1996), empathy (Plomin, 1994), and intelligence (Petrill & Wilkerson, 2000). To appreciate behavioral genetics, it help ...
Ch14 notes Martini 9e
... • Present in only one hemisphere • Receives information from all sensory association areas • Coordinates access to complex visual and auditory memories • Other Integrative Areas • Speech center • Is associated with general interpretive area • Coordinates all vocalization functions • Prefrontal corte ...
... • Present in only one hemisphere • Receives information from all sensory association areas • Coordinates access to complex visual and auditory memories • Other Integrative Areas • Speech center • Is associated with general interpretive area • Coordinates all vocalization functions • Prefrontal corte ...