中樞神經系統
... Broca’s area speech production Lateral prefrontal cortex language comprehension and ...
... Broca’s area speech production Lateral prefrontal cortex language comprehension and ...
Structural Changes in the Brain of Addicts
... buprenorphine exemplify this approach • Functional MRI studies of men entering treatment for methamphetamine addiction while they made decisions during a psychological test showed two patterns and predicted with 90 percent accuracy which of the men would relapse within 1 to 3 years after completing ...
... buprenorphine exemplify this approach • Functional MRI studies of men entering treatment for methamphetamine addiction while they made decisions during a psychological test showed two patterns and predicted with 90 percent accuracy which of the men would relapse within 1 to 3 years after completing ...
What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex- Endowed Animal
... that the OFC of “sub-primate” mammals was chiefly dedicated to the handling of behaviorally salient odor information. The olfactory OFC in monkeys is broadly comparable to the rodent, though evidence for a definitive homology is still lacking.5 Physiological8,9 and anatomical5,10 studies suggest tha ...
... that the OFC of “sub-primate” mammals was chiefly dedicated to the handling of behaviorally salient odor information. The olfactory OFC in monkeys is broadly comparable to the rodent, though evidence for a definitive homology is still lacking.5 Physiological8,9 and anatomical5,10 studies suggest tha ...
Art.-Schoenbaum (R) - UCSD Cognitive Science
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
Slide 1
... Thalamus – “gateway” to the cerbral cortex Afferent impulses from all senses converge and synapse in the thalamus Impulses of similar function are sorted out, “edited”, and relayed as a group to the appropriate area of the sensory cortex or association areas All inputs ascending to the cerebral cor ...
... Thalamus – “gateway” to the cerbral cortex Afferent impulses from all senses converge and synapse in the thalamus Impulses of similar function are sorted out, “edited”, and relayed as a group to the appropriate area of the sensory cortex or association areas All inputs ascending to the cerebral cor ...
Chapter 3
... Note whether views are – Axial (Horizontal) Views – Coronal Views – Less need for familiarity with sagittal view ...
... Note whether views are – Axial (Horizontal) Views – Coronal Views – Less need for familiarity with sagittal view ...
Lecture 2
... Primary somatosensory cortex: The region of the anterior parietal lobe whose primary input is from the somatosensory system. • integrates sensory information from multiple modalities • integrating internal states (intentions, proprioception etc.) with external information or goals (e.g., directing e ...
... Primary somatosensory cortex: The region of the anterior parietal lobe whose primary input is from the somatosensory system. • integrates sensory information from multiple modalities • integrating internal states (intentions, proprioception etc.) with external information or goals (e.g., directing e ...
A Volumetric MRI Analysis of Hypochondriac Patients
... thalamus volumes compared to healthy controls. Likewise, in the same study, the patient group had anterior cingulate exhibited a near-significant difference compared to healthy controls on the left side. Previously, Kang et al. (17) measured the volumes of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulat ...
... thalamus volumes compared to healthy controls. Likewise, in the same study, the patient group had anterior cingulate exhibited a near-significant difference compared to healthy controls on the left side. Previously, Kang et al. (17) measured the volumes of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulat ...
Limbic system – Emotional Experience
... When we lose a battle, a match, or a job, the hippocampus is stimulated making sure we would remember the loss forever. The center of our emotions, the amygdala, fuses this sense of memory into a profound notion of misery. This all creates a powerful reminder of failure to put us off making the same ...
... When we lose a battle, a match, or a job, the hippocampus is stimulated making sure we would remember the loss forever. The center of our emotions, the amygdala, fuses this sense of memory into a profound notion of misery. This all creates a powerful reminder of failure to put us off making the same ...
The role of Amygdala
... – Recent data suggests that amygdala patients fail to focus on the eyes ...
... – Recent data suggests that amygdala patients fail to focus on the eyes ...
Study Questions
... brain that supports the habit system was inactivated immediately prior to the test session when the response–reward contingencies reversed. Rats with inactivated action systems learned more slowly to make this adjustment. Rats with inactivated habit systems learned faster. 16. What is the evidence t ...
... brain that supports the habit system was inactivated immediately prior to the test session when the response–reward contingencies reversed. Rats with inactivated action systems learned more slowly to make this adjustment. Rats with inactivated habit systems learned faster. 16. What is the evidence t ...
Adaptive, behaviorally gated, persistent encoding of task
... sensory stimuli, depending on current task and context, is an essential component of flexible, goal-directed behavior. Neurons in frontal cortex are likely to contribute to this adaptive ability because of their extraordinary flexibility, responding differently to identical stimuli depending on the ...
... sensory stimuli, depending on current task and context, is an essential component of flexible, goal-directed behavior. Neurons in frontal cortex are likely to contribute to this adaptive ability because of their extraordinary flexibility, responding differently to identical stimuli depending on the ...
Inconvenient Truths about neural processing in primary motor cortex
... In the mid 1980s, the conceptual framework of servo‐control came to an abrupt end. The reason for this were studies on multi‐joint motor tasks. Behavioral level: Hand motion was found to be relatively simple with • straight hand trajectories and • bell‐shaped velocity profiles Mechanical level: Mov ...
... In the mid 1980s, the conceptual framework of servo‐control came to an abrupt end. The reason for this were studies on multi‐joint motor tasks. Behavioral level: Hand motion was found to be relatively simple with • straight hand trajectories and • bell‐shaped velocity profiles Mechanical level: Mov ...
Functional areas of cerebral cortex and its associated lesions
... Area 43 (inferior end of postcentral gyrus) Olfactory Area ...
... Area 43 (inferior end of postcentral gyrus) Olfactory Area ...
凌树才_边缘系统
... Paul Broca (1824-1880): a French physician, surgeon,anatomist, and anthropologist. He is best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the frontal lobe that has been named after him. The term “le grand lobe limbique” （边缘叶）was first used by Broca in 1878. ...
... Paul Broca (1824-1880): a French physician, surgeon,anatomist, and anthropologist. He is best known for his research on Broca's area, a region of the frontal lobe that has been named after him. The term “le grand lobe limbique” （边缘叶）was first used by Broca in 1878. ...
LIMBIC SYSTEM
... paroxysmal disorders as seen in this patient. In this chapter we will learn about this important and diverse neural system and the consequences of limbic system damage or dysfunction. ...
... paroxysmal disorders as seen in this patient. In this chapter we will learn about this important and diverse neural system and the consequences of limbic system damage or dysfunction. ...
Central Nervous System: The Brain and Spinal Cord
... Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Insula ...
... Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Insula ...
Slide 1
... (homologue to piriform cortex of mammals). A slight rhinal dimple is apparent rostrally at the border of dorsal cortex (homologous to neocortex of mammals). Medial or hippocampal cortex (homologous to the hippocampus of mammals) is medial. Most of dorsal cortex receives visual inputs, while a small ...
... (homologue to piriform cortex of mammals). A slight rhinal dimple is apparent rostrally at the border of dorsal cortex (homologous to neocortex of mammals). Medial or hippocampal cortex (homologous to the hippocampus of mammals) is medial. Most of dorsal cortex receives visual inputs, while a small ...
L21-Cerebral Hemisph..
... Situated in Brodmann’s area 5 & 7 of the central cortex located in the parietal cortex behind SI area. It plays an important role in translating the sensory information that enters the somatosensory areas. When damaged it loses the ability to recognize complex objects on the opposite side of the bod ...
... Situated in Brodmann’s area 5 & 7 of the central cortex located in the parietal cortex behind SI area. It plays an important role in translating the sensory information that enters the somatosensory areas. When damaged it loses the ability to recognize complex objects on the opposite side of the bod ...
Neural Basis of Emotion - Caltech Division of Humanities and Social
... association learning deficit is present when the associations must be learned from a previously neutral stimulus (e.g., the sight of an object) to a primary reinforcing stimulus (such as the taste of food). Further evidence linking the amygdala to reinforcement mechanisms is that monkeys will work i ...
... association learning deficit is present when the associations must be learned from a previously neutral stimulus (e.g., the sight of an object) to a primary reinforcing stimulus (such as the taste of food). Further evidence linking the amygdala to reinforcement mechanisms is that monkeys will work i ...
Neural Basis of Emotion
... similar behavior as monkeys with temporal lobectomy • Have flattened emotions, don’t feel happy, sad etc ...
... similar behavior as monkeys with temporal lobectomy • Have flattened emotions, don’t feel happy, sad etc ...
Cerebral Cortex and Corpus Callosum
... sensations and body location information from a different body part. The entire body is mapped on the cortex. The top of the cortex begins with your toes and each body part has a location along the cortex until it reaches the face and tongue. The sensory cortex on the right side of the brain receive ...
... sensations and body location information from a different body part. The entire body is mapped on the cortex. The top of the cortex begins with your toes and each body part has a location along the cortex until it reaches the face and tongue. The sensory cortex on the right side of the brain receive ...
Ch5slides - Blackwell Publishing
... cortex and the secondary olfactory cortex. In this brain region, neurons respond to the sight, taste and smell of food, but only if hunger is present. The orbitofrontal cortex is the first stage of processing at which the reward or hedonic aspects of food is represented. It is the crucial site in th ...
... cortex and the secondary olfactory cortex. In this brain region, neurons respond to the sight, taste and smell of food, but only if hunger is present. The orbitofrontal cortex is the first stage of processing at which the reward or hedonic aspects of food is represented. It is the crucial site in th ...
Orbitofrontal cortex
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a prefrontal cortex region in the frontal lobes in the brain which is involved in the cognitive processing of decision-making. In non-human primates it consists of the association cortex areas Brodmann area 11, 12 and 13; in humans it consists of Brodmann area 10, 11 and 47The OFC is considered anatomically synonymous with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Therefore the region is distinguished due to the distinct neural connections and the distinct functions it performs. It is defined as the part of the prefrontal cortex that receives projections from the magnocellular, medial nucleus of the mediodorsal thalamus, and is thought to represent emotion and reward in decision making. It gets its name from its position immediately above the orbits in which the eyes are located. Considerable individual variability has been found in the OFC of both humans and non-human primates. A related area is found in rodents.