TAXONOMY of VIRUSES
... • Can be achieved via fusion of envelope with host cell plasma membrane – Then viral nucleocapsid enters the cytoplasm ...
... • Can be achieved via fusion of envelope with host cell plasma membrane – Then viral nucleocapsid enters the cytoplasm ...
Biology and Ethics
... • Animals, plants, and bacteria are examples of living systems that share many properties distinguishing them from nonliving things. These properties are branched into ...
... • Animals, plants, and bacteria are examples of living systems that share many properties distinguishing them from nonliving things. These properties are branched into ...
Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Chapter 8, Part 1
... Inferred by curator Inferred from direct assay Inferred from electronic annotation Inferred from expression pattern Inferred from genetic interaction Inferred from mutant phenotype Inferred from physical interaction Inferred from sequence or structural similarity Non-traceable author statement No bi ...
... Inferred by curator Inferred from direct assay Inferred from electronic annotation Inferred from expression pattern Inferred from genetic interaction Inferred from mutant phenotype Inferred from physical interaction Inferred from sequence or structural similarity Non-traceable author statement No bi ...
Answers to Exam 2 multiple choice and TF questions
... c. Since the SRY protein regulates the transcription of genes required for testes formation, it must function in the nucleus where it binds with DNA. d. The mutation in SRY that was described in this paper results in a protein that can perform its transcriptional regulatory function, but which is mi ...
... c. Since the SRY protein regulates the transcription of genes required for testes formation, it must function in the nucleus where it binds with DNA. d. The mutation in SRY that was described in this paper results in a protein that can perform its transcriptional regulatory function, but which is mi ...
Genetic Transcription & Translation Lecture PowerPoint
... for a printable Word .doc of this assignment. ...
... for a printable Word .doc of this assignment. ...
Genetic Engineering and Gene Technology
... circular DNA molecule that is separate from the main chromosomal DNA. Plasmids occur naturally in bacteria and carry ‘extra, non essential’ genes that may give a bacteria a survival advantage (like a gene for antibiotic resistance). Bacteria can exchange plasmids and take up new DNA through a proc ...
... circular DNA molecule that is separate from the main chromosomal DNA. Plasmids occur naturally in bacteria and carry ‘extra, non essential’ genes that may give a bacteria a survival advantage (like a gene for antibiotic resistance). Bacteria can exchange plasmids and take up new DNA through a proc ...
Tasks Monday January 21st 2006
... Delete these sequences (e.g. E. coli) from your notepad file and reanalyse your sequences. The human and mouse genome both contain two clear photolyase homologs: cryptochrome 1 and 2. Describe which genes are likely to be orthologs and which are paralogs. ...
... Delete these sequences (e.g. E. coli) from your notepad file and reanalyse your sequences. The human and mouse genome both contain two clear photolyase homologs: cryptochrome 1 and 2. Describe which genes are likely to be orthologs and which are paralogs. ...
ppt - Sol Genomics Network
... Correcting for 3% euchromatin gaps (as in rice) results in 85% of total tomato gene space is anticipated to be recovered under the International Tomato Genome Sequencing Project. ...
... Correcting for 3% euchromatin gaps (as in rice) results in 85% of total tomato gene space is anticipated to be recovered under the International Tomato Genome Sequencing Project. ...
Sticky end in protein synthesis - The School of Molecular and
... It’s not clear what general level of accuracy is required in translating the genetic code. But the protective role of proof-reading is evident from a case in which a small mistake has a catastrophic effect. When protein production in a cell goes awry, abnormal deposits can form and contribute to var ...
... It’s not clear what general level of accuracy is required in translating the genetic code. But the protective role of proof-reading is evident from a case in which a small mistake has a catastrophic effect. When protein production in a cell goes awry, abnormal deposits can form and contribute to var ...
viral networks
... http://www.dnatube.com/video/993/Plasmid• Only need the sequenced genome (or sequence of Cloning interest) • Scalable, its possible to screen for interactions among many proteins creating a more high-throughput screen (ex. viral genome) • Protein/polypeptides can be from various sources; eukaryotes, ...
... http://www.dnatube.com/video/993/Plasmid• Only need the sequenced genome (or sequence of Cloning interest) • Scalable, its possible to screen for interactions among many proteins creating a more high-throughput screen (ex. viral genome) • Protein/polypeptides can be from various sources; eukaryotes, ...
DNA and the Genome
... paternity testing and evolutionary biology. Disease diagnosis: DNA sequences that are known to indicate certain genetic disorders or diseases are amplified using PCR for the purposes of diagnosis. Archaeological analysis: Ancient DNA, degraded over the years, can be amplified and used in archaeologi ...
... paternity testing and evolutionary biology. Disease diagnosis: DNA sequences that are known to indicate certain genetic disorders or diseases are amplified using PCR for the purposes of diagnosis. Archaeological analysis: Ancient DNA, degraded over the years, can be amplified and used in archaeologi ...
Activation sites and enhancer proteins
... because each mutant lacks a certain enzyme needed to produce a certain amino acid – Conclusion: Broken gene = non-functional enzyme ...
... because each mutant lacks a certain enzyme needed to produce a certain amino acid – Conclusion: Broken gene = non-functional enzyme ...
NLM Informatics Training Conference - 2016
... Activation Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) is required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) of the B cell receptor during normal immune responses. Mistargeting of AID can lead to mutation of non-immunoglobulin genes and has been proposed as a contributing factor of tumorigenesis. Through large-scale seq ...
... Activation Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) is required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) of the B cell receptor during normal immune responses. Mistargeting of AID can lead to mutation of non-immunoglobulin genes and has been proposed as a contributing factor of tumorigenesis. Through large-scale seq ...
Explain the importance of gene regulation in both prokaryotes and
... the glucose level is high, cAMP is low. Therefore, CAP is not activated and transcription is not stimulated. ¾ In addition, high glucose inhibits transport of lactose into the cell. Low lactose allows the lac repressor to bind to the operator and block transcription. This mechanism, called inducer e ...
... the glucose level is high, cAMP is low. Therefore, CAP is not activated and transcription is not stimulated. ¾ In addition, high glucose inhibits transport of lactose into the cell. Low lactose allows the lac repressor to bind to the operator and block transcription. This mechanism, called inducer e ...
Lecture 2: Fundamentals in Molecular Evolution
... CAI (Codon Adaptation Index) measures how optimal a gene’s codons are, relative to the tRNA pool in the cell. ...
... CAI (Codon Adaptation Index) measures how optimal a gene’s codons are, relative to the tRNA pool in the cell. ...
Supplementary Methods of Chain et al
... Simulations were performed to test whether phylogenetic inertia (an ancestral bias towards more or less conservative substitutions) could account for the observed proportion of radical and conservative substitutions at each stage of duplicate gene evolution. A maximum likelihood estimate of the ance ...
... Simulations were performed to test whether phylogenetic inertia (an ancestral bias towards more or less conservative substitutions) could account for the observed proportion of radical and conservative substitutions at each stage of duplicate gene evolution. A maximum likelihood estimate of the ance ...
Control of Gene Expression
... Individuals can inherit oncogenes or mutant alleles of tumor-suppressor genes Inherited mutations in the tumor-suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli are common in individuals with colorectal cancer Mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene are found in at least half of inherited breast cancers, and ...
... Individuals can inherit oncogenes or mutant alleles of tumor-suppressor genes Inherited mutations in the tumor-suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli are common in individuals with colorectal cancer Mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene are found in at least half of inherited breast cancers, and ...
Chapter 1
... Traits affected by genes and by environment •genes may affect many traits •traits may be affected by many genes •some traits also affected by environment ...
... Traits affected by genes and by environment •genes may affect many traits •traits may be affected by many genes •some traits also affected by environment ...
Introduction, some basic concepts, patterns in data
... • Homology: similarity that is the result of inheritance from a common ancestor • The identification and analysis of homologies is central to phylogenetics (the study of the evolutionary history of genes and species) • Similarity and homology are not be the same thing although they are often and wro ...
... • Homology: similarity that is the result of inheritance from a common ancestor • The identification and analysis of homologies is central to phylogenetics (the study of the evolutionary history of genes and species) • Similarity and homology are not be the same thing although they are often and wro ...
FLPe Expression Plasmids for E. coli
... plasmid (s. Table 1 on page 3). If you modify episomal DNA (BACs, plasmids, cosmids) you also have to add the antibiotic the respective backbone confers resistance to (e.g. Chloramphenicol for a pBACe3.6 based construct or Ampicillin for pBAD24 derivative). No additional antibiotic is needed in the ...
... plasmid (s. Table 1 on page 3). If you modify episomal DNA (BACs, plasmids, cosmids) you also have to add the antibiotic the respective backbone confers resistance to (e.g. Chloramphenicol for a pBACe3.6 based construct or Ampicillin for pBAD24 derivative). No additional antibiotic is needed in the ...
Bioterrorism and the Fermi Paradox
... is a (sexually transmitted) human pathogen, the elucidation of whose genome may be something of a Pandora’s box. ...
... is a (sexually transmitted) human pathogen, the elucidation of whose genome may be something of a Pandora’s box. ...
Chapter 13
... Any other sugar must be converted to glucose before it can enter the glycolysis pathway & this takes energy. It is advantageous to have the potential to utilize other sugars (carbon sources), but want to only synthesize the proteins necessary for utilization of these sugars only when glucose is abse ...
... Any other sugar must be converted to glucose before it can enter the glycolysis pathway & this takes energy. It is advantageous to have the potential to utilize other sugars (carbon sources), but want to only synthesize the proteins necessary for utilization of these sugars only when glucose is abse ...
Supplementary Information (doc 38K)
... Mixtures containing 6 g of pGADD45-Luc that harbor either the wild-type or mutant GADD45 promoter (nucleotides –812 to +289) and 3 g of pRL-SV40 or 6 g of pRL-TK as an internal control were transfected into p53-/- or p53-/-Atf-2-/- MEFs by using Lipofectamine Plus (Invitrogen). The transfected ...
... Mixtures containing 6 g of pGADD45-Luc that harbor either the wild-type or mutant GADD45 promoter (nucleotides –812 to +289) and 3 g of pRL-SV40 or 6 g of pRL-TK as an internal control were transfected into p53-/- or p53-/-Atf-2-/- MEFs by using Lipofectamine Plus (Invitrogen). The transfected ...
Figures and figure supplements
... DNA binding regions of the control ZFN protein. The translation stop codon of the CLTA open reading frame is highlighted in red for reference. Middle: schematic diagram of the sgRNA expression construct. The RNA is expressed under the control of the U6 Pol III promoter and a poly(T) tract that serve ...
... DNA binding regions of the control ZFN protein. The translation stop codon of the CLTA open reading frame is highlighted in red for reference. Middle: schematic diagram of the sgRNA expression construct. The RNA is expressed under the control of the U6 Pol III promoter and a poly(T) tract that serve ...
Gene Expression and Basic Transformation
... Gene: strach branching enzyme (SBE) isoform 1 Function: adds branch chains to starch Mutation in short allele: transposon insertion Effect of mutation: no SBE activity; less starch, more sucrose, more water; during maturation seed looses more water and wrinkles ...
... Gene: strach branching enzyme (SBE) isoform 1 Function: adds branch chains to starch Mutation in short allele: transposon insertion Effect of mutation: no SBE activity; less starch, more sucrose, more water; during maturation seed looses more water and wrinkles ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.