Lecture 5: Applications in Biomolecular Simulation and Drug
... Gidalevitz T, Biswas C, Ding H, Schneidman-Duhovny D, Wolfson HJ, Stevens F, Radford S, Argon Y. J Biol Chem. 2004 ...
... Gidalevitz T, Biswas C, Ding H, Schneidman-Duhovny D, Wolfson HJ, Stevens F, Radford S, Argon Y. J Biol Chem. 2004 ...
Identification of proteins co-purifying with scrapie infectivity
... individuals have totally different biochemical features and are not comparable. As shown in Fig. 2, several proteins (including PrPSc) were detected in the infectious preparation after PK treatment. Experiments were performed three times and in each case the observed protein pattern was reproducible ...
... individuals have totally different biochemical features and are not comparable. As shown in Fig. 2, several proteins (including PrPSc) were detected in the infectious preparation after PK treatment. Experiments were performed three times and in each case the observed protein pattern was reproducible ...
Digestion of Proteins
... Amylose, the glucosyl residues form a straight chain linked via -1,4 glycosidic bonds; ...
... Amylose, the glucosyl residues form a straight chain linked via -1,4 glycosidic bonds; ...
The Guanine Nucleotide–Binding Switch in Three Dimensions
... thus creating structural changes that are inhibitory for binding of phosphates and the metal ion (Fig. 4). Although Mg2⫹ contributes to the tight binding of nucleotides, its removal accounts for only a part of the overall 105-fold rate enhancement observed for the GEFs of Ras (23), Ran (24), and Rho ...
... thus creating structural changes that are inhibitory for binding of phosphates and the metal ion (Fig. 4). Although Mg2⫹ contributes to the tight binding of nucleotides, its removal accounts for only a part of the overall 105-fold rate enhancement observed for the GEFs of Ras (23), Ran (24), and Rho ...
Sequence of events in formation of eukaryotic mRNA
... •What kind of processing must occur to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes? Where does this take place? •What happens to the RNA molecule if it does not undergo processing? •Purpose of each RNA processing step –What is a methyl guanine “cap”? –How is a polyA tail added? How does this tail contribute to the stabi ...
... •What kind of processing must occur to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes? Where does this take place? •What happens to the RNA molecule if it does not undergo processing? •Purpose of each RNA processing step –What is a methyl guanine “cap”? –How is a polyA tail added? How does this tail contribute to the stabi ...
RNA processing - Faculty Web Pages
... •What kind of processing must occur to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes? Where does this take place? •What happens to the RNA molecule if it does not undergo processing? •Purpose of each RNA processing step –What is a methyl guanine “cap”? –How is a polyA tail added? How does this tail contribute to the stabi ...
... •What kind of processing must occur to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes? Where does this take place? •What happens to the RNA molecule if it does not undergo processing? •Purpose of each RNA processing step –What is a methyl guanine “cap”? –How is a polyA tail added? How does this tail contribute to the stabi ...
rough ER
... either to GTP or GDP. Ran-GTP causes the NLS to dissociate from the Nuclear import receptor. •Ran-GAP is distinct from Ran but causes Ran to hydrolyze GTP. Hence, Ran-GAP promotes the conversion of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. •Ran-GEF is distinct from Ran but causes Ran to release GDP and bind a different m ...
... either to GTP or GDP. Ran-GTP causes the NLS to dissociate from the Nuclear import receptor. •Ran-GAP is distinct from Ran but causes Ran to hydrolyze GTP. Hence, Ran-GAP promotes the conversion of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP. •Ran-GEF is distinct from Ran but causes Ran to release GDP and bind a different m ...
Protein synthesis
... • 2) RNA elongation – RNA polymerase “slides” down DNA template creating mRNA as it goes by adding RNA nucleotides by correct base pairing rules (A to U and C to G) • As RNA synthesis continues, the RNA strand peels away from its DNA template and the two DNA strands come back together ...
... • 2) RNA elongation – RNA polymerase “slides” down DNA template creating mRNA as it goes by adding RNA nucleotides by correct base pairing rules (A to U and C to G) • As RNA synthesis continues, the RNA strand peels away from its DNA template and the two DNA strands come back together ...
8.4 Transcription
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
bio_ch08
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
8.4 Transcription KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule.
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
... – Nucleotides pair with one strand of the DNA. – RNA polymerase bonds the nucleotides together. – The DNA helix winds again as the gene is transcribed. DNA ...
1 Lecture 6: Protein Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Structure +
... A few additional divisions in the above are also useful. For example, frequently found 2° structure patterns are termed “super secondary structures”; some proteins fold into one or more independent 3° structure “domains”; and the 4° structural association can occur between identical or dissimilar su ...
... A few additional divisions in the above are also useful. For example, frequently found 2° structure patterns are termed “super secondary structures”; some proteins fold into one or more independent 3° structure “domains”; and the 4° structural association can occur between identical or dissimilar su ...
Sample Preparation I (Protein Purification)
... (From ExPASy Biochemical Pathways; http://www.expasy.org/cgi-bin/show_thumbnails.pl?2) ...
... (From ExPASy Biochemical Pathways; http://www.expasy.org/cgi-bin/show_thumbnails.pl?2) ...
Proteins Animal By-Products Seed By
... The bodies of our livestock, pets, and ourselves have many uses for proteins. Enzymes, antibodies, many hormones, and substances that help the blood to clot, are all proteins. Proteins form part of muscles and many cell structures, including the cell membrane. During the process of digestion, protei ...
... The bodies of our livestock, pets, and ourselves have many uses for proteins. Enzymes, antibodies, many hormones, and substances that help the blood to clot, are all proteins. Proteins form part of muscles and many cell structures, including the cell membrane. During the process of digestion, protei ...
Cell Membrane
... We have discussed how the lipid bilayer acts as an efficient barrier by only allowing a very small number of non-polar molecules to freely enter or exit a cell. While for the most part this selectivity is a valuable function and allows the cell to maintain its integrity, cells ...
... We have discussed how the lipid bilayer acts as an efficient barrier by only allowing a very small number of non-polar molecules to freely enter or exit a cell. While for the most part this selectivity is a valuable function and allows the cell to maintain its integrity, cells ...
Genetics RNA and Protein Synthesis
... comes in. As the ribosome reads the nucleotide triplet (codon) of mRNA, a specific tRNA molecule matches up with the sequence and carries with it a specific amino acid. • The amino acid then binds to the growing amino acid (polypeptide) chain until the mRNA message comes to a stop and a protein is c ...
... comes in. As the ribosome reads the nucleotide triplet (codon) of mRNA, a specific tRNA molecule matches up with the sequence and carries with it a specific amino acid. • The amino acid then binds to the growing amino acid (polypeptide) chain until the mRNA message comes to a stop and a protein is c ...
Food Proteins and Enzymes
... technical director. He was acting chairman of the Codex Committee on Methods of Analysis and Sampling of the FAO/WHO Food Standard Program in the period 1975 – 1988. Dr Lasztity is a member of the Food Chemistry Division of the Federation of European Chemical Societies and a member of the editorial ...
... technical director. He was acting chairman of the Codex Committee on Methods of Analysis and Sampling of the FAO/WHO Food Standard Program in the period 1975 – 1988. Dr Lasztity is a member of the Food Chemistry Division of the Federation of European Chemical Societies and a member of the editorial ...
RNA:Structure, Function, Transcription, Translation
... a. What are the four nitrogen bases used to make RNA nucleotides? ...
... a. What are the four nitrogen bases used to make RNA nucleotides? ...
Molecular Genetics
... • This happens in the nucleus • Has three stages: (1) Initiation (2) Elongation (3) Termination ...
... • This happens in the nucleus • Has three stages: (1) Initiation (2) Elongation (3) Termination ...
Chapter 3 Topic: Biomolecules Main concepts: •In chemistry, the
... • In chemistry, the word organic refers to molecules that are made up of carbon and hydrogen. (The term “organically grown” or “organic” on food labels refers to agricultural practices.) • Plants and other photosynthetic organisms synthesize small organic molecules, referred to as monomers, from ino ...
... • In chemistry, the word organic refers to molecules that are made up of carbon and hydrogen. (The term “organically grown” or “organic” on food labels refers to agricultural practices.) • Plants and other photosynthetic organisms synthesize small organic molecules, referred to as monomers, from ino ...
Document
... – Absence of albumin (analbuminemia) might caused by mutation that affect splicing – It binds many ligands (free fatty acids, calcium, certain steroid hormones, bilirubin, tryptophan) – It binds and transport drugs (sulfonamides, penicillin G, dicumarol, aspirin) – It transports copper ...
... – Absence of albumin (analbuminemia) might caused by mutation that affect splicing – It binds many ligands (free fatty acids, calcium, certain steroid hormones, bilirubin, tryptophan) – It binds and transport drugs (sulfonamides, penicillin G, dicumarol, aspirin) – It transports copper ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.