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Detection of alien viruses and viroids in plants by siRNA
Detection of alien viruses and viroids in plants by siRNA

... Jari Valkonen Helsinki 02.10.2012 ...
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I. Arabidopsis Is a Model Organism

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... • Smaller ribosomal subunits (30S and 50S) • Prokaryotic translation occurs co-transcriptionally and often there are several open reading frames in a single mRNA i.e. polycistronic mRNAs • During initiation the ribosome directly interacts with the mRNA via the Shine Delgarno sequence (directly upst ...
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... • The enzyme RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA sequence to be transcribed and then strings together the chain of RNA nucleotides that is complementary to it. ...
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... (A) The cloverleaf structure, a convention used to show the complementary base-pairing (red lines). The ANTICODON is the sequence of three nucleotides that base-pairs with a CODON in mRNA. The amino acid matching the codon/anticodon pair is attached at the 3′ end of the tRNA. tRNAs contain some unus ...
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... called a transcription unit and encodes at least one gene. • If the gene transcribed encodes for a protein, the result of transcription is messenger RNA (mRNA). • This mRNA will be used to create that protein via the process of translation. • Alternatively, the transcribed gene may encode for either ...
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... erythropoiesis and are involved in the later stages of megakaryopoiesis by insuring that transcription of the correct DNA sequences occurs at the appointed time. Because of the highly conserved nature of the proteins, determining the interactions of GATA-1 and FOG-1 may lead to clarification of othe ...
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How is DNA*s Genetic Code Used to Make Proteins?

... •mRNA travels out of the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm •The ribosome holds the mRNA in place RNA •tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome •The nucleotides on mRNA are divided into groups of 3 (“triplets”) •Each set of 3 nucleotides on mRNA is called a CODON •One codon is the “code” for one ...
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RNA polymerase II holoenzyme

RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists of RNA polymerase II, a subset of general transcription factors, and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins.
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