A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus
... Pasceri, 1989; Yuge et al., 1990). Embryological experiments have also mapped the specification of endoderm (Wylie et al., 1987), the germ cell lineage (Whitington and Dixon, 1975) and mesoderm (Nieuwkoop, 1973) to the vegetal hemisphere. Of all these processes, only mesoderm induction has been char ...
... Pasceri, 1989; Yuge et al., 1990). Embryological experiments have also mapped the specification of endoderm (Wylie et al., 1987), the germ cell lineage (Whitington and Dixon, 1975) and mesoderm (Nieuwkoop, 1973) to the vegetal hemisphere. Of all these processes, only mesoderm induction has been char ...
Getting a grip on how DNA polymerases function
... occurs during partitioning between the polymerase and exonuclease sites. Overall, the multistep mechanism of polymerization and base excision by RB69 (family B) appears to be strikingly similar to DNA polymerases in family A. This is especially interesting because many family A polymerases with solv ...
... occurs during partitioning between the polymerase and exonuclease sites. Overall, the multistep mechanism of polymerization and base excision by RB69 (family B) appears to be strikingly similar to DNA polymerases in family A. This is especially interesting because many family A polymerases with solv ...
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... required for a recombination event during replication, so they are involved in lysis. b. The cIII gene, which is required for lysogeny, is also transcribed as a result of the lack of termination at tL1. c. The int and xis genes are also transcribed, but this read-through transcription extends past t ...
... required for a recombination event during replication, so they are involved in lysis. b. The cIII gene, which is required for lysogeny, is also transcribed as a result of the lack of termination at tL1. c. The int and xis genes are also transcribed, but this read-through transcription extends past t ...
Formation and nuclear export of tRNA, rRNA and mRNA is regulated
... nuclear export of several classes of RNA. To determine whether nuclear accumulation of rRNA, tRNA and mRNA in rsp5-3 cells is a consequence of defects in RNA maturation, the processing of representatives of each of these classes of RNA was analysed by northern hybridization (Fig. 3) and primer exten ...
... nuclear export of several classes of RNA. To determine whether nuclear accumulation of rRNA, tRNA and mRNA in rsp5-3 cells is a consequence of defects in RNA maturation, the processing of representatives of each of these classes of RNA was analysed by northern hybridization (Fig. 3) and primer exten ...
Protein Synthesis Notes
... Protein Synthesis Cartoon In groups of three or four, you will make a six-step cartoon of protein synthesis on the dry-erase board provided. All of the bold terms must be labeled on your cartoon. You may use analogies to represent the structures rather than the structure themselves. Once it is appr ...
... Protein Synthesis Cartoon In groups of three or four, you will make a six-step cartoon of protein synthesis on the dry-erase board provided. All of the bold terms must be labeled on your cartoon. You may use analogies to represent the structures rather than the structure themselves. Once it is appr ...
Introduction
... such as aptamers (a DNA molecule that specifically binds a small molecule or biomolecule), aptazymes (a DNA molecule that is comprised of an aptamer domain fused to a catalytic domain) and deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes, a DNA molecule with catalytic properties) [79]. This kind of design results in highly ...
... such as aptamers (a DNA molecule that specifically binds a small molecule or biomolecule), aptazymes (a DNA molecule that is comprised of an aptamer domain fused to a catalytic domain) and deoxyribozymes (DNAzymes, a DNA molecule with catalytic properties) [79]. This kind of design results in highly ...
Biochemical and functional characterization of Plasmodium
... DNA polymerase δ is an essential enzyme required for chromosomal DNA replication and repair, and therefore may be a potential target for anti-malarial drug development. However, little is known of the characteristics and function of this P. falciparum enzyme. Methods: The coding sequences of DNA po ...
... DNA polymerase δ is an essential enzyme required for chromosomal DNA replication and repair, and therefore may be a potential target for anti-malarial drug development. However, little is known of the characteristics and function of this P. falciparum enzyme. Methods: The coding sequences of DNA po ...
Cellular Pathophysiology of Insulin Resistance
... Poretsky LO, ed. New York, Springer,2009, p. 75-87. ...
... Poretsky LO, ed. New York, Springer,2009, p. 75-87. ...
Modeling RNA Molecules
... the number of ncRNAs has exploded and appears to scale with biological complexity (Taft et al. 2007). Evidence is building that many of these ncRNAs, like those involved in splicing and translation, which have been known for many years, function at least in part by forming complex 3D structures to i ...
... the number of ncRNAs has exploded and appears to scale with biological complexity (Taft et al. 2007). Evidence is building that many of these ncRNAs, like those involved in splicing and translation, which have been known for many years, function at least in part by forming complex 3D structures to i ...
Protein Biosynthesis Translation
... 3. Newly synthesized proteins need to be further Post-translational modified to have correct structure and perform function. 4. Inhibitors of protein synthesis like antibiotics are usually used to treat diseases in clinic. ...
... 3. Newly synthesized proteins need to be further Post-translational modified to have correct structure and perform function. 4. Inhibitors of protein synthesis like antibiotics are usually used to treat diseases in clinic. ...
Ribosomes: Cashing in on crystals
... however, the mechanistic details of how proteins are made have remained elusive. The structural complexity of the ribosome — which comprises two non-equivalent subunits containing RNA and protein — and other components of the translation machinery reflect a process that is both complicated and highl ...
... however, the mechanistic details of how proteins are made have remained elusive. The structural complexity of the ribosome — which comprises two non-equivalent subunits containing RNA and protein — and other components of the translation machinery reflect a process that is both complicated and highl ...
Ricinus communis - Scientific Research Publishing
... promote embryogenesis, seed storage accumulation and establishment of dormancy [11]. Recently, WRINKLED 1 (WRI1) transcription factor has been identified to be an important regulator for a set of carbohydrate metabolism and FAS in maturing Arabidopsis seed [8,12]. TAGs contents in the WRI1 mutant se ...
... promote embryogenesis, seed storage accumulation and establishment of dormancy [11]. Recently, WRINKLED 1 (WRI1) transcription factor has been identified to be an important regulator for a set of carbohydrate metabolism and FAS in maturing Arabidopsis seed [8,12]. TAGs contents in the WRI1 mutant se ...
The chicken lysozyme chromatin domain contains a
... database. To our surprise, high percentage identity to human glioma-amplified sequence (GAS41, GenBank accession no. NM_006530) was observed at several discrete sequences in the 3′ half of the lysozyme domain. The finding that each region of homology corresponded to individual human GAS41 exons sugg ...
... database. To our surprise, high percentage identity to human glioma-amplified sequence (GAS41, GenBank accession no. NM_006530) was observed at several discrete sequences in the 3′ half of the lysozyme domain. The finding that each region of homology corresponded to individual human GAS41 exons sugg ...
EF-G-GTP
... acid/base catalysis by a universally conserved adenosine of the 23S rRNA of the large ribosomal subunit. No protein is found adjacent to the active site adenosine. (Recall Chime exercise on the large ribosomal subunit.) ...
... acid/base catalysis by a universally conserved adenosine of the 23S rRNA of the large ribosomal subunit. No protein is found adjacent to the active site adenosine. (Recall Chime exercise on the large ribosomal subunit.) ...
Chromium Incorporated in RNA and DNA
... number of Cr atoms bound to DNA molecules were significantly greater than bound to RNA and was 5.12 ð 0.30/1000 and 1.80 ð 0.11/1000 nucleotides for 10 µm potassium dichromate or chromium chloride and 7.74 ð 0.44/1000 nucleotides and 3.70 ð 0.25 for 100 µm respectively. Under the same conditions to ...
... number of Cr atoms bound to DNA molecules were significantly greater than bound to RNA and was 5.12 ð 0.30/1000 and 1.80 ð 0.11/1000 nucleotides for 10 µm potassium dichromate or chromium chloride and 7.74 ð 0.44/1000 nucleotides and 3.70 ð 0.25 for 100 µm respectively. Under the same conditions to ...
Biochemists Break the Code
... This RNA transcript has two possible alternating codons: UGU GUG UGU GUG In a translation extract you should get a protein with 2 alternating amino acids Ribosome binding assay devised by Nirenberg and Leder Took a cell-free translation extract (ribosomes and tRNAs charged with their specific amino ...
... This RNA transcript has two possible alternating codons: UGU GUG UGU GUG In a translation extract you should get a protein with 2 alternating amino acids Ribosome binding assay devised by Nirenberg and Leder Took a cell-free translation extract (ribosomes and tRNAs charged with their specific amino ...
Translation is simply the decoding of nucleotide sequences on
... ribosome, forming a dipeptide tRNA at this position, and leaving the uncharged initiator tRNA at the P site. The next step in elongation is translocation, which requires another elongation factor known as translocase (or EF-G in prokaryotes), and is again coupled to GTP hydrolysis. During translocat ...
... ribosome, forming a dipeptide tRNA at this position, and leaving the uncharged initiator tRNA at the P site. The next step in elongation is translocation, which requires another elongation factor known as translocase (or EF-G in prokaryotes), and is again coupled to GTP hydrolysis. During translocat ...
P - GMC Surat
... Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases Required for attachment of amino acids to their corresponding t-RNA. Carboxyl group of an amino acid to the 3′-end of t-RNA. Require ATP. Extreme specificity High fidelity of translation of the genetic message. Enzyme also have a “proofreading” or “editing” a ...
... Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases Required for attachment of amino acids to their corresponding t-RNA. Carboxyl group of an amino acid to the 3′-end of t-RNA. Require ATP. Extreme specificity High fidelity of translation of the genetic message. Enzyme also have a “proofreading” or “editing” a ...
Highly Efficient Micro RNA Enrichment
... to 40 nucleotides, and the majority of the miRNA is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides. Most of the commercially available miRNA extraction protocols co-purify the miRNA and total RNA. Therefore, the extracted samples still contain ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA with only a low percentage of ...
... to 40 nucleotides, and the majority of the miRNA is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides. Most of the commercially available miRNA extraction protocols co-purify the miRNA and total RNA. Therefore, the extracted samples still contain ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA with only a low percentage of ...
The role of IRES trans-acting factors in regulating translation initiation
... of, and binding to, the methylguanosine cap at the 5’ end of the mRNA, by a set of protein factors termed eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors). However, many of the eIFs involved in this process are modified and become less active under a number of pathophysiological stress conditions, including amin ...
... of, and binding to, the methylguanosine cap at the 5’ end of the mRNA, by a set of protein factors termed eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors). However, many of the eIFs involved in this process are modified and become less active under a number of pathophysiological stress conditions, including amin ...
Activity of ribosomes and tmRNA of Streptomyces aureofaciens
... GDPNP can substitute GTP in the binding of fMet-tRNA to ribosomes, but increasing concentrations of UTP had no stimulation effect. To investigate whether the stimulatory effect of UTP possibly influences the correct position of fMet-tRNA on ribosome, the transfer of fMet-tRNA from 70S ribosomes to p ...
... GDPNP can substitute GTP in the binding of fMet-tRNA to ribosomes, but increasing concentrations of UTP had no stimulation effect. To investigate whether the stimulatory effect of UTP possibly influences the correct position of fMet-tRNA on ribosome, the transfer of fMet-tRNA from 70S ribosomes to p ...
11.7 Repressor binds cooperatively at each operator using a helix
... phage of the same type from infecting a cell. It results from the synthesis of phage repressor by the prophage genome. Induction refers to the ability of bacteria (or yeast) to synthesize certain enzymes only when their substrates are present; applied to gene expression, refers to switching on trans ...
... phage of the same type from infecting a cell. It results from the synthesis of phage repressor by the prophage genome. Induction refers to the ability of bacteria (or yeast) to synthesize certain enzymes only when their substrates are present; applied to gene expression, refers to switching on trans ...
Somatotropic axis
... – Incorporation of sulfur into the epiphyseal cartilage • Sulfation factor • Indirect action of GH (delayed response) ...
... – Incorporation of sulfur into the epiphyseal cartilage • Sulfation factor • Indirect action of GH (delayed response) ...
20.6 NnV mx
... such as why nematodes have operons and whether they are the only animals that do. Blumenthal et al. cautiously suggest that some of the operons could serve the same purpose as their counterparts in prokaryotes: to group functionally related genes together. This clearly appears to be true for some ge ...
... such as why nematodes have operons and whether they are the only animals that do. Blumenthal et al. cautiously suggest that some of the operons could serve the same purpose as their counterparts in prokaryotes: to group functionally related genes together. This clearly appears to be true for some ge ...