Motion - TPAYNTER
... Sexual selection drives change in the frequency of a trait based on the ability to attract a mate. Common in populations where males and females look significantly different Some qualities that enhance mating success reduce odds of survival. ...
... Sexual selection drives change in the frequency of a trait based on the ability to attract a mate. Common in populations where males and females look significantly different Some qualities that enhance mating success reduce odds of survival. ...
EVOLUTION IN ACTION
... -They share a recent common ancestor -compare homologous structures: similar body part but may have different functions ...
... -They share a recent common ancestor -compare homologous structures: similar body part but may have different functions ...
Evolution-Webquest-1ek8vq3 (1)
... In any population, some individuals will have more kids than other individuals (just by chance). Some of those individuals will be “lucky” and survive. Explain the cartoon and how it shows this idea. Genetic drift affects the genectic makeup of the population but, unlike natural selction, through an ...
... In any population, some individuals will have more kids than other individuals (just by chance). Some of those individuals will be “lucky” and survive. Explain the cartoon and how it shows this idea. Genetic drift affects the genectic makeup of the population but, unlike natural selction, through an ...
Lecture 3
... This mask says which genes must be flipped for generating the first child Make an inverse copy of the gene for the second child ...
... This mask says which genes must be flipped for generating the first child Make an inverse copy of the gene for the second child ...
Lecture 4 Environmental effects on behavior
... 1. For behaviors to evolve differences must be heritable (instead of completely learned). 2. While genes may influence many behaviors, genes alone do not produce behavior (nature vs. nurture) 3. Rarely does one gene alone code for a behavioral trait. But differences in behavior between two individua ...
... 1. For behaviors to evolve differences must be heritable (instead of completely learned). 2. While genes may influence many behaviors, genes alone do not produce behavior (nature vs. nurture) 3. Rarely does one gene alone code for a behavioral trait. But differences in behavior between two individua ...
Individuality in plants seems as obscure and
... fitness requires the ability to differentiate between generations. We need to know what it means for an individual to count as being of a new generation rather than a mere part of its parent, and we need to be able to tell the difference between having a single offspring and having many. There are t ...
... fitness requires the ability to differentiate between generations. We need to know what it means for an individual to count as being of a new generation rather than a mere part of its parent, and we need to be able to tell the difference between having a single offspring and having many. There are t ...
06Ch21PopulationGenetics2008
... don’t survive… Populations evolve Individuals reproduce or don’t… ...
... don’t survive… Populations evolve Individuals reproduce or don’t… ...
Population Genetics of Selection
... Mendelian genetics did not develop until the 1930’s with the development of theoretical population genetics (Fisher, Wright, Haldane). This led to the Modern Synthesis: Genes are physical entities carried on chromosomes. Heritable variation is produced by mutation and recombination. Continuous varia ...
... Mendelian genetics did not develop until the 1930’s with the development of theoretical population genetics (Fisher, Wright, Haldane). This led to the Modern Synthesis: Genes are physical entities carried on chromosomes. Heritable variation is produced by mutation and recombination. Continuous varia ...
Wooly Worms and a Case for Natural Selection Background
... traits (favorable genes) to its offspring. An example of adaptation is cryptic coloration, whereby an organism blends into its environment so well that it is difficult to detect. Cryptic coloration can help animals escape predators or capture unsuspecting prey. This “survival of the fittest” concept ...
... traits (favorable genes) to its offspring. An example of adaptation is cryptic coloration, whereby an organism blends into its environment so well that it is difficult to detect. Cryptic coloration can help animals escape predators or capture unsuspecting prey. This “survival of the fittest” concept ...
Chapter 3 Methods
... – Doves display to doves, flee from hawks • 50% chance of winning against dove, 0% against hawk, but no cost of fighting • Cost of display = D Payoff to ...
... – Doves display to doves, flee from hawks • 50% chance of winning against dove, 0% against hawk, but no cost of fighting • Cost of display = D Payoff to ...
File
... iv) Over many generations , the mean fur length continues to increase until it reaches 2.5 cm, which is ideal fur length for an environmental temperature of 15°C. The effect of directional selection will move the distribution of the characteristics, so that the mean coincides with the new environmen ...
... iv) Over many generations , the mean fur length continues to increase until it reaches 2.5 cm, which is ideal fur length for an environmental temperature of 15°C. The effect of directional selection will move the distribution of the characteristics, so that the mean coincides with the new environmen ...
b. geographic isolation
... sequence of DNA. May affect an organisms fitness (it’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment) b. Gene shuffling- most caused during production of gametes. (sexual reproduction major source of variation within many populations) ...
... sequence of DNA. May affect an organisms fitness (it’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment) b. Gene shuffling- most caused during production of gametes. (sexual reproduction major source of variation within many populations) ...
Evolution of Populations
... Genetics Joins Evolutionary Theory Darwin’s original ideas can now be understood in genetic terms. ▶ Researchers discovered that traits are controlled by genes and that many genes have at least two forms, or alleles. The combination of different alleles is an individual’s genotype. Natural selection ...
... Genetics Joins Evolutionary Theory Darwin’s original ideas can now be understood in genetic terms. ▶ Researchers discovered that traits are controlled by genes and that many genes have at least two forms, or alleles. The combination of different alleles is an individual’s genotype. Natural selection ...
Natural and artificial selection and suffering and well-being
... Hybrids. Domestic species are sometimes the result of hybridization between different species or subspecies adapted to different niches. Such hybrids are sometimes not in harmony within their own physiology (for instance, neurology). Well-known examples are the hybrids between love bird species made ...
... Hybrids. Domestic species are sometimes the result of hybridization between different species or subspecies adapted to different niches. Such hybrids are sometimes not in harmony within their own physiology (for instance, neurology). Well-known examples are the hybrids between love bird species made ...
Biology is immature Biosemiotics. Epilogue
... grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have ...
... grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have ...
READING ASSIGNMENTS AND HOMEWORK in EVOLUTION Reading assignments and homework required for Evolution:
... 4. A species of aphid has an effective alarm signal (release of a pheromone that is detected by the aphids but not the predator) with limited risk to the signaler [donor]. However, there is a cost in producing, storing, and releasing the pheromone (We will consider the cost as 0.05 decrease in fitn ...
... 4. A species of aphid has an effective alarm signal (release of a pheromone that is detected by the aphids but not the predator) with limited risk to the signaler [donor]. However, there is a cost in producing, storing, and releasing the pheromone (We will consider the cost as 0.05 decrease in fitn ...
V p
... between related and unrelated individuals or between individuals with different degrees of relatedness. ...
... between related and unrelated individuals or between individuals with different degrees of relatedness. ...
instructions - Indiana University Bloomington
... algebraic approach to other degrees of dominance and modes of selection. This algebraic method can be very cumbersome, and perhaps intuitively unappealing to some in that it does not take into consideration the frequencies of the different kinds of mating or the fitness of their offspring. For insta ...
... algebraic approach to other degrees of dominance and modes of selection. This algebraic method can be very cumbersome, and perhaps intuitively unappealing to some in that it does not take into consideration the frequencies of the different kinds of mating or the fitness of their offspring. For insta ...
PowerPoint Lecture Chapter 11
... Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, there is an Amish population of about 12,000 people who have a unique lifestyle and marry other members of their community. By chance, at least one of the original 30 Amish settlers in this community carried a recessive allele that results in short arms and legs and e ...
... Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, there is an Amish population of about 12,000 people who have a unique lifestyle and marry other members of their community. By chance, at least one of the original 30 Amish settlers in this community carried a recessive allele that results in short arms and legs and e ...
: Classical, Balance and Neutral theories of evolution Introduction
... maintained by overdominant selection. Individuals who are homozygous for the sickle-cell allele, Hbs, develop sickle cell anaemia. Selection against sickle-cell anaemia is intense, as roughly 80% die before reproduction. However, in some parts of the world individuals homozygous for the “normal” all ...
... maintained by overdominant selection. Individuals who are homozygous for the sickle-cell allele, Hbs, develop sickle cell anaemia. Selection against sickle-cell anaemia is intense, as roughly 80% die before reproduction. However, in some parts of the world individuals homozygous for the “normal” all ...
Chapter 14
... populations living in different cages to simulate geographic isolation. Half of the populations lived on maltose-based food, and the other populations lived on starch-based foods. After many generations, the flies were tested to see which flies they preferred to mate with. Dodd found that some repro ...
... populations living in different cages to simulate geographic isolation. Half of the populations lived on maltose-based food, and the other populations lived on starch-based foods. After many generations, the flies were tested to see which flies they preferred to mate with. Dodd found that some repro ...
Lesson Overview
... What conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium? According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, five conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium: (1) The population must be very large; (2) there can be no mutations; (3) there must be random mating; (4) there can be no movement i ...
... What conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium? According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, five conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium: (1) The population must be very large; (2) there can be no mutations; (3) there must be random mating; (4) there can be no movement i ...
CH # 17-2
... What conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium? According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, five conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium: (1) The population must be very large; (2) there can be no mutations; (3) there must be random mating; (4) there can be no movement i ...
... What conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium? According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, five conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium: (1) The population must be very large; (2) there can be no mutations; (3) there must be random mating; (4) there can be no movement i ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.