Communicable Diseases Information
... occasionally occur in children. The disease is usually more serious in adults than in children. How soon do symptoms appear? Symptoms commonly appear 14-16 days (range of 10-21 days) after exposure to someone with chickenpox or herpes zoster (shingles). When and for how long is a person able to spre ...
... occasionally occur in children. The disease is usually more serious in adults than in children. How soon do symptoms appear? Symptoms commonly appear 14-16 days (range of 10-21 days) after exposure to someone with chickenpox or herpes zoster (shingles). When and for how long is a person able to spre ...
infection control and tb
... stay home from work or school. Notify supervisor for medical help, report infection exposure. • When you are well stay a safe distance (2-3 feet) from those who are sick. • If you are given medication to treat an infection, be sure to finish your prescription. Stopping too soon may lead to resistanc ...
... stay home from work or school. Notify supervisor for medical help, report infection exposure. • When you are well stay a safe distance (2-3 feet) from those who are sick. • If you are given medication to treat an infection, be sure to finish your prescription. Stopping too soon may lead to resistanc ...
Infectious Contagious Disease and TB
... addition, if the serious disease affects their ability to perform their assigned duties, such employees are to be treated like other employees who have disabilities that limit their job performance. 3. Employees who have a serious disease are to provide the Human Resource Department with any pertine ...
... addition, if the serious disease affects their ability to perform their assigned duties, such employees are to be treated like other employees who have disabilities that limit their job performance. 3. Employees who have a serious disease are to provide the Human Resource Department with any pertine ...
world health organization
... the diagnosis and treatment of HIV+ children suspected of having TB. Participants represented leading agencies and included HIV experts, childhood TB experts, expert pediatricians, clinical researchers, appropriate staff from NTPs and NAPs in high HIV prevalent settings. After the workshop a writing ...
... the diagnosis and treatment of HIV+ children suspected of having TB. Participants represented leading agencies and included HIV experts, childhood TB experts, expert pediatricians, clinical researchers, appropriate staff from NTPs and NAPs in high HIV prevalent settings. After the workshop a writing ...
Tuberculosis, HIV seroprevalence and intravenous drug abuse in prisoners
... produced has been considered to be helpful for respiratory illnesses, and this may help to propagate and spread bacilli. ...
... produced has been considered to be helpful for respiratory illnesses, and this may help to propagate and spread bacilli. ...
![Principles of Infectious Disease Epidemiology [M.Tevfik DORAK]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008488754_1-76179ba19b00a930e9e3ebf379009450-300x300.png)
Principles of Infectious Disease Epidemiology [M.Tevfik DORAK]
... behaviour, accessibility of services ...
... behaviour, accessibility of services ...
Requirements for Preventing Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis
... U.S. population. These states also account for a large proportion of people with risk factors for the disease, notably, HIV infection and immigration from countries with a high prevalence of TB. According to the Institute of Medicine’s 2001 report, “Tuberculosis in the Workplace”, TB remains a threa ...
... U.S. population. These states also account for a large proportion of people with risk factors for the disease, notably, HIV infection and immigration from countries with a high prevalence of TB. According to the Institute of Medicine’s 2001 report, “Tuberculosis in the Workplace”, TB remains a threa ...
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa)
... Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria are commonly found in the nose and on the skin of healthy people. When staph is present on or in the body without causing illness, this is called colonization. Staph with resistance to some antibiotics (e.g., methicillin) are known as methicillin-resistant stap ...
... Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria are commonly found in the nose and on the skin of healthy people. When staph is present on or in the body without causing illness, this is called colonization. Staph with resistance to some antibiotics (e.g., methicillin) are known as methicillin-resistant stap ...
Principles of Communicable Diseases Epidemiology
... The starting point for the occurrence of a communicable disease is the existence of a reservoir or source of infection. The source of infection is defined as “the person, animal, object or substance from which an infectious agent passes or is disseminated to the host (immediate source). The rese ...
... The starting point for the occurrence of a communicable disease is the existence of a reservoir or source of infection. The source of infection is defined as “the person, animal, object or substance from which an infectious agent passes or is disseminated to the host (immediate source). The rese ...
Lung and AIDS: radiological pictures
... infectious <= immunodepression tumourous others • The ARV have modified the situation in wealthy countries, and also in developing countries, but, in these countries, lung diseases associated with AIDS remain frequent and severe, and their diagnosis and treatment continue to be difficult. ...
... infectious <= immunodepression tumourous others • The ARV have modified the situation in wealthy countries, and also in developing countries, but, in these countries, lung diseases associated with AIDS remain frequent and severe, and their diagnosis and treatment continue to be difficult. ...
SP08 STDs
... of delivery, or through breast feeding although most perinatal infection thought to occur after exposure during delivery Because HIV is harbored within lymphocytes, any exposure to infected blood cells results in a significant risk of infection Donated blood is tested for antibodies to HIV-1, HIV-2 ...
... of delivery, or through breast feeding although most perinatal infection thought to occur after exposure during delivery Because HIV is harbored within lymphocytes, any exposure to infected blood cells results in a significant risk of infection Donated blood is tested for antibodies to HIV-1, HIV-2 ...
Chapter 13
... Student discussion should be directed toward the principles of epidemiology and the importance of this science to society. This provides a good opportunity to present case studies for students. There are a number of excellent video documentaries that illustrate the epidemiological process. Students ...
... Student discussion should be directed toward the principles of epidemiology and the importance of this science to society. This provides a good opportunity to present case studies for students. There are a number of excellent video documentaries that illustrate the epidemiological process. Students ...
GIT Infections and Ulcers
... Tuberculosis of GIT • Major health problem in the developing world • Incidence increasing in association with AIDS • Earlier, there was high association between pulmonary and GI TB • Now GI tuberculosis may exist even with normal lung findings • GIT infection may occur by -Infected unpasteurized mi ...
... Tuberculosis of GIT • Major health problem in the developing world • Incidence increasing in association with AIDS • Earlier, there was high association between pulmonary and GI TB • Now GI tuberculosis may exist even with normal lung findings • GIT infection may occur by -Infected unpasteurized mi ...
Effects of introducing Xpert MTB/RIF test on multi
... earlier treatment initiation. Decentralisation in KZN resulted in an improved but still unacceptable time to treatment of 72 versus 93 days in centralised site [8]. Despite the fact that rifampicin resistance has been used as a surrogate marker for MDR-TB as more than 90% of these cases are associat ...
... earlier treatment initiation. Decentralisation in KZN resulted in an improved but still unacceptable time to treatment of 72 versus 93 days in centralised site [8]. Despite the fact that rifampicin resistance has been used as a surrogate marker for MDR-TB as more than 90% of these cases are associat ...
Environmental Hazards and Human Health
... 17-5 How Do We Perceive Risks and How Can We Avoid the Worst of Them? Concept 17-5 We can reduce the major risks ...
... 17-5 How Do We Perceive Risks and How Can We Avoid the Worst of Them? Concept 17-5 We can reduce the major risks ...
Diseases that Cause Concern
... Diseases that Cause Concern • As of 2002, and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are over 816,000 reported cases of people with AIDS in the US, and an estimated 5 million people were infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. • In the US, H ...
... Diseases that Cause Concern • As of 2002, and according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are over 816,000 reported cases of people with AIDS in the US, and an estimated 5 million people were infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. • In the US, H ...
“Global Health Meets Infection Biology” LSS2012 Program
... the top infection biologists across the globe. Infectious diseases which claim 18 million human lives each year and account for half of the deaths in the developing world is still the least understood. Prof. Stewart Cole (GHI, EPFL), gave a brief overview of the status of various infectious diseases ...
... the top infection biologists across the globe. Infectious diseases which claim 18 million human lives each year and account for half of the deaths in the developing world is still the least understood. Prof. Stewart Cole (GHI, EPFL), gave a brief overview of the status of various infectious diseases ...
At least 2 million people each year become infected with antibiotic
... Too many farm animals in Maryland, however, are fed a daily dose of antibiotics, not to treat illness but to avoid “potential” disease that is not present, and which is better avoided by eliminating unsanitary conditions. Antibiotics also have been misused to help animals gain weight faster. The FDA ...
... Too many farm animals in Maryland, however, are fed a daily dose of antibiotics, not to treat illness but to avoid “potential” disease that is not present, and which is better avoided by eliminating unsanitary conditions. Antibiotics also have been misused to help animals gain weight faster. The FDA ...
Ranavirus Disease - gardenwildlifehealth.org
... Great Britain, we initially discovered the disease in southern and south east England in the early 1990s. Since then, scientists at the Zoological Society of London and Froglife have continued to investigate the emergence and spread of amphibian ranavirus disease in Great Britain. The disease is tho ...
... Great Britain, we initially discovered the disease in southern and south east England in the early 1990s. Since then, scientists at the Zoological Society of London and Froglife have continued to investigate the emergence and spread of amphibian ranavirus disease in Great Britain. The disease is tho ...
CHAPTER 23 INFECTIONS OF THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM
... groups of bumps in the genital area There is no treatment for the virus itself, but there are treatments for the diseases that HPV can cause Visible genital warts can be removed by the patient him or herself with medications. Cervical cancer (caused by HPV) is most treatable when it is diagnos ...
... groups of bumps in the genital area There is no treatment for the virus itself, but there are treatments for the diseases that HPV can cause Visible genital warts can be removed by the patient him or herself with medications. Cervical cancer (caused by HPV) is most treatable when it is diagnos ...
Chapter 1- history of microbio
... streptomycin he called these two new substances “Antibiotics”. • Antibiotics: Are defined as any chemicals produced naturally from bacteria and fungi that act against other microorganisms. ...
... streptomycin he called these two new substances “Antibiotics”. • Antibiotics: Are defined as any chemicals produced naturally from bacteria and fungi that act against other microorganisms. ...
file
... IGRAs no better: improved specificity not relevant and still doesn’t predict future active TB Crude treatment: most would receive potentially dangerous drugs un-necessarily Cost: many screened & treated for few cases avoided ...
... IGRAs no better: improved specificity not relevant and still doesn’t predict future active TB Crude treatment: most would receive potentially dangerous drugs un-necessarily Cost: many screened & treated for few cases avoided ...
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB (short for tubercle bacillus), in the past also called phthisis, phthisis pulmonalis, or consumption, is a widespread, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough, sneeze, or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis. About one in ten latent infections eventually progresses to active disease which, if left untreated, kills more than 50% of those so infected.The classic symptoms of active TB infection are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss (the last of these giving rise to the formerly common term for the disease, ""consumption""). Infection of other organs causes a wide range of symptoms. Diagnosis of active TB relies on radiology (commonly chest X-rays), as well as microscopic examination and microbiological culture of body fluids. Diagnosis of latent TB relies on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or blood tests. Treatment is difficult and requires administration of multiple antibiotics over a long period of time. Household, workplace and social contacts are also screened and treated if necessary. Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem in multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) infections. Prevention relies on early detection and treatment of cases and on screening programs and vaccination with the bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine.One-third of the world's population is thought to have been infected with M. tuberculosis, and new infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2007, an estimated 13.7 million chronic cases were active globally, while in 2013, an estimated 9 million new cases occurred. In 2013 there were between 1.3 and 1.5 million associated deaths, most of which occurred in developing countries. The total number of tuberculosis cases has been decreasing since 2006, and new cases have decreased since 2002. The rate of tuberculosis in different areas varies across the globe; about 80% of the population in many Asian and African countries tests positive in tuberculin tests, while only 5–10% of the United States population tests positive. More people in the developing world contract tuberculosis because of a poor immune system, largely due to high rates of HIV infection and the corresponding development of AIDS.