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Nipah Virus: Effects of Urbanization and Climate Change
Nipah Virus: Effects of Urbanization and Climate Change

... The neutralizing antibodies for NiV were also found in bat species in Australia, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, India, Bangladesh and Madagascar [8]. Though bats are the primary reservoir of the virus, it can be transferred to pigs that can act as vectors and transmit the disease to humans and dogs ...
West Nile Virus Disease Outbreak  Investigation: Maricopa County, AZ  Jessica Mack  Master’s of Public Health Special Project 
West Nile Virus Disease Outbreak  Investigation: Maricopa County, AZ  Jessica Mack  Master’s of Public Health Special Project 

... Since its introduction into the western hemisphere in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito‐ transmitted Flavivirus, has spread throughout North America, Mexico, Central and South America and  the Caribbean.  A June ‐ August 2010 focal outbreak of West Nile virus‐related illness in the East Valley ...
The Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Respiratory Syncytial
The Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Respiratory Syncytial

... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and the elderly. It accounts for approximately 50% of all pneumonia and upto 90% of the reported cases of bronchiolitis in infancy. RSV is a pathogenic Paramoxyvirus of the genus Pneumov ...
4-MERS-COV and other viruses transmitted through respiratory
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...  Lab diagnosis: Detection of the viral nucleic acid by PCR,& serology by detection of IgM , and by isolation of the virus from Nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA) by cell culture.  Treatment: No specific antiviral treatment. For severe cases, current treatment includes care to support vital organ fun ...
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... • Causes disease e.g. cold, cold sores, flu, measels, rubella, mumps, chickenpox, warts, hepatitis, viral meningitis, HIV(AIDS) • Some cancers are caused by viruses • Vaccines – immunisation against viral diseases ...
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... diseases, we can also combat their spread and thus improve human health or preserve biodiversity. ...
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Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
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... “keratitis”)—the cornea is the clear part of the eye, located in the front of the eyeball; often associated with feline herpesvirus and calicivirus infections • Long-term (chronic) kidney insufficiency due to immune-mediated damage to the kidneys • Persistent diarrhea, seen in 10–20% of cases • Long ...
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... E) Many are strictly human but some are carried by animals (ex. rabies) F) Many viruses take up permanent residence in the host and alternate between active and latent states (ex. herpes) G) Infants of infected mother’s are especially vulnerable to viral infection before and during birth C. General ...
viruses - skippysciences
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Ross River Fever and Barmah Forest Disease
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...  Ross River Fever and Barmah Forest Virus are two similar viral illnesses transmitted by mosquitoes  Characterised by fever, rash and joint pains  They can occur in epidemics associated with proliferation of mosquitoes  The incubation period is between 3–11 days  Ross River Fever does cause sig ...
Bats And Health Risks - NSW Department of Primary Industries
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... marked increase in the number of mummified and stillborn piglets, some of which had severe deformities. It is thought the virus was probably spread in faeces and urine, rather than by respiratory aerosols. Two piggery workers who developed severe influenza-like illness after working with the sick pi ...
Biological Agent Reference Sheet (BARS)
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... The information and contents of this Biological Agent Reference Sheet (including all text and graphics), whether available in print or electronic format (including any digital format, e-mail transmissions, or download from the website), shall be known hereinafter as “Reference Sheet Content”. The Re ...
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... Your birds will remain vulnerable to infection. In other lofts where the virus has gained entry, mortalities of up to 100% have occurred. 6. Will the vaccine strain of virus become established in our pigeons? Unlikely. It is very likely that the virus has entered our pigeon population in the past. ...
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... • Basic rules of virus architecture, structure, and assembly are the same for all families • Some structures are much more complex than others, and require complex assembly and dissassembly • The capsid (coat) protein is the basic unit of structure; functions that may be fulfilled by the capsid prot ...
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Nrsg 407 Infectious Disease
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... Endemic: serious systemic disease in health people Opportunistic: fatal systemic disease in immunosuppressed, or where indwelling catheters/medical hardware is present ...
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... Many other more localised epidemics attributable to emerging zoonoses, mostly in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, have occurred in the recent past caused by a variety of infectious agents (e.g. anthrax, Ebola-, Marburg-, Hendra-, Nipah-, bat lyssa- and Chikungunya viruses (Morens et a ...
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... ulcerated and discharge virus (early). Later, pustules broke down and discharged virus into the environment. ...
The_Hot_Zone - WBR Teacher Moodle
The_Hot_Zone - WBR Teacher Moodle

... A sign on the glass door says CASUALTY DEPT. Monet hands the driver some money and gets out of the taxi and opens the glass door and goes over to the reception window and indicates that he is very ill. He has difficulty speaking. The man is bleeding, and they will admit him in just a moment. He mus ...
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Henipavirus



Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing three established species: Hendra virus, Nipah virus and Cedar virus. The henipaviruses are naturally harboured by Pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes) and some microbat species. Henipavirus is characterised by a large genome, a wide host range, and their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans.In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known Henipaviruses were detected in Eidolon helvum (the African straw-colored fruit bat) in Ghana. The finding of these novel putative Henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of Henipaviruses extends to Africa.
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