Blueberry scorch carlavirus
... complete necrosis of flowers, partial necrosis of leaves, twig dieback, leading eventually to plant death. Others may show a total absence of symptoms. Marginal chlorosis of leaves is also observed on some cultivars. On cultivars expressing symptoms, there is often a latent period of up to two years ...
... complete necrosis of flowers, partial necrosis of leaves, twig dieback, leading eventually to plant death. Others may show a total absence of symptoms. Marginal chlorosis of leaves is also observed on some cultivars. On cultivars expressing symptoms, there is often a latent period of up to two years ...
The Ebola Virus and the Threat of Bioterrorism
... only suspected cases).20 While Al Qaeda has been actively seeking nuclear weapons to cause mass casualties within the western world,21 scholars have explained that the difficulties in attaining nuclear weapons and the cost of operating them are much greater than for biological agents.22 It follows t ...
... only suspected cases).20 While Al Qaeda has been actively seeking nuclear weapons to cause mass casualties within the western world,21 scholars have explained that the difficulties in attaining nuclear weapons and the cost of operating them are much greater than for biological agents.22 It follows t ...
now - ASCLS
... While the latest infectious disease outbreak (Ebola) raised a number of questions about the occupational health and safety risks faced by everyone in healthcare, we should all be familiar with how to protect ourselves and our patients from biological hazards presented by exposure to infectious agent ...
... While the latest infectious disease outbreak (Ebola) raised a number of questions about the occupational health and safety risks faced by everyone in healthcare, we should all be familiar with how to protect ourselves and our patients from biological hazards presented by exposure to infectious agent ...
Ebola virus outbreaks in Africa: Past and present
... populations via the handling of infected animal carcasses. In these cases, the first source of transmission is an animal found dead or hunted in the forest, followed by person-toperson transmission from index case to family members or health-care staff. Animal-to-human transmission occurs when peopl ...
... populations via the handling of infected animal carcasses. In these cases, the first source of transmission is an animal found dead or hunted in the forest, followed by person-toperson transmission from index case to family members or health-care staff. Animal-to-human transmission occurs when peopl ...
foot and mouth disease
... There has only been one recorded case of Foot and Mouth disease in a human being in Great Britain in 1966. All suspected cases, which arose during the crisis in 2001, proved to be false alarms. The general effects of the disease in the human case were similar to influenza with some blisters. It is a ...
... There has only been one recorded case of Foot and Mouth disease in a human being in Great Britain in 1966. All suspected cases, which arose during the crisis in 2001, proved to be false alarms. The general effects of the disease in the human case were similar to influenza with some blisters. It is a ...
Disease Eradication Programs
... The disease is commonly called Bangs disease after the Dutch scientist Bernhard Bang who discovered the bacteria in 1897. Cattle are infected through the mouth, the bacteria is located in the udder and reproductive system of the cow. When an infected cow gives birth or suffers and abortion milli ...
... The disease is commonly called Bangs disease after the Dutch scientist Bernhard Bang who discovered the bacteria in 1897. Cattle are infected through the mouth, the bacteria is located in the udder and reproductive system of the cow. When an infected cow gives birth or suffers and abortion milli ...
Where does H5N1 come from?
... Terms and Definitions • Nasal Mucosa – tissue lining the inside of the nasal cavity. • Necrosis – Death of cells or tissues through injury or disease, especially in a localized area of the body. • Neuraminidase – One of the major surface proteins on influenza virus particles; facilitates the releas ...
... Terms and Definitions • Nasal Mucosa – tissue lining the inside of the nasal cavity. • Necrosis – Death of cells or tissues through injury or disease, especially in a localized area of the body. • Neuraminidase – One of the major surface proteins on influenza virus particles; facilitates the releas ...
guidance guidelines - UNSW Research Gateway
... cell line or the animal will no longer contain virus but will continue to express the gene of interest. The safety features incorporated into replication defective, retroviral vectors prevent the virus from remobilising. Therefore, stably transfected cells lines or animals infected with replication ...
... cell line or the animal will no longer contain virus but will continue to express the gene of interest. The safety features incorporated into replication defective, retroviral vectors prevent the virus from remobilising. Therefore, stably transfected cells lines or animals infected with replication ...
Infectious Bursal Disease - Washington State University
... birds can include depression and ruffling of feathers, poor or lack of appetite, huddling, unsteady gate, reluctance to rise, and diarrhea (sometimes bloody). Immunosuppressed survivors may be affected with other disease agents, resulting in various secondary infections that can end in death, or m ...
... birds can include depression and ruffling of feathers, poor or lack of appetite, huddling, unsteady gate, reluctance to rise, and diarrhea (sometimes bloody). Immunosuppressed survivors may be affected with other disease agents, resulting in various secondary infections that can end in death, or m ...
Dealing with Post-market Issues: PCV Case Study
... B. Suspend further production until change in manufacturing process – alternative product on the market, however no safety concern based on available data C. Status quo – continue production as is D. Continue release of vaccine & use in current on-going clinical trials, but with commitment from manu ...
... B. Suspend further production until change in manufacturing process – alternative product on the market, however no safety concern based on available data C. Status quo – continue production as is D. Continue release of vaccine & use in current on-going clinical trials, but with commitment from manu ...
Infectious Disease Process
... bloodborne pathogens such as Hepatitis B Virus or HIV when infected blood or body fluid is allowed to enter the body by means of penetration. Exposure may occur through: a needlestick a cut or break in the skin contact with mucous membranes such as the eye, nose, or mouth ...
... bloodborne pathogens such as Hepatitis B Virus or HIV when infected blood or body fluid is allowed to enter the body by means of penetration. Exposure may occur through: a needlestick a cut or break in the skin contact with mucous membranes such as the eye, nose, or mouth ...
Orthomyxoviruses (Influenza virus)
... Occurs when maternal viraemia placenta and foetus ► In infected foetus, growth rate is reduced, results in deranged/hypoplastic organ development. The earlier in the pregnancy infection occurs, the greater the damage to the foetus. ► Newborn will have cardiac abnormalities, deafness, rash, hepatosp ...
... Occurs when maternal viraemia placenta and foetus ► In infected foetus, growth rate is reduced, results in deranged/hypoplastic organ development. The earlier in the pregnancy infection occurs, the greater the damage to the foetus. ► Newborn will have cardiac abnormalities, deafness, rash, hepatosp ...
DRAFTFINAL - Human Swine Flu Q A for parents
... have allowed the current strain to infect humans. Usually, H1N1 flu cases are not common in Canada with only one case per year being reported over the past few years. The symptoms of the H1N1 flu virus are similar to seasonal influenza and include high fever, cough, headache, general aches, fatigu ...
... have allowed the current strain to infect humans. Usually, H1N1 flu cases are not common in Canada with only one case per year being reported over the past few years. The symptoms of the H1N1 flu virus are similar to seasonal influenza and include high fever, cough, headache, general aches, fatigu ...
STI
... chlamydia, gonorrhea or other bacteria. • Symptoms: • Some women have no symptoms. • Others have pain in the lower abdomen, fever, smelly vaginal discharge, irregular bleeding or pain during intercourse. • Treatment: • Early treatment is important – waiting too long increases the risk of infertility ...
... chlamydia, gonorrhea or other bacteria. • Symptoms: • Some women have no symptoms. • Others have pain in the lower abdomen, fever, smelly vaginal discharge, irregular bleeding or pain during intercourse. • Treatment: • Early treatment is important – waiting too long increases the risk of infertility ...
an introduction to viruses
... -there are 99 recognized types of rhinoviruses that differ based on their varying surface proteins. ...
... -there are 99 recognized types of rhinoviruses that differ based on their varying surface proteins. ...
Text S3: Probability of extinction Our results show that long
... together we conclude that any symptomatic influenza cases in patients on long-term prophylaxis are likely resistant cases, either through direct transmission or de novo mutation. Increased dosing in these patients may more rapidly eliminate the circulating sensitive virus, but would be ineffective a ...
... together we conclude that any symptomatic influenza cases in patients on long-term prophylaxis are likely resistant cases, either through direct transmission or de novo mutation. Increased dosing in these patients may more rapidly eliminate the circulating sensitive virus, but would be ineffective a ...
Chapter 17 Human Health and Environmental Risks
... • Its main aim was to ensure that employers provide their workers with an environment free from dangers to their safety and health, such as exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress or unsanitary conditions ...
... • Its main aim was to ensure that employers provide their workers with an environment free from dangers to their safety and health, such as exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress or unsanitary conditions ...
SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF EPIZOOTIC HAEMORRHAGIC
... and has been particularly associated with disease in white – tailed deer of North America. EHD is an infectious non – contagious viral disease transmitted by Culicoides. The virus belongs to the family Reoviridae, genus Orbivirus and currently 8 or more serotypes are recognised and Ibaraki virus whi ...
... and has been particularly associated with disease in white – tailed deer of North America. EHD is an infectious non – contagious viral disease transmitted by Culicoides. The virus belongs to the family Reoviridae, genus Orbivirus and currently 8 or more serotypes are recognised and Ibaraki virus whi ...
Viral haemorrhagic fever in children - Spiral
... Gabon[3]. The most devastating epidemic to date is the recent epidemic centred in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, which has affected over 28,000 people with more than 11,000 deaths.[26] See figure 1 for regions of the world known to be at risk from Ebola viruses. Zaire, Sudan and Bundibugyo ebolav ...
... Gabon[3]. The most devastating epidemic to date is the recent epidemic centred in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, which has affected over 28,000 people with more than 11,000 deaths.[26] See figure 1 for regions of the world known to be at risk from Ebola viruses. Zaire, Sudan and Bundibugyo ebolav ...
BIOTERRORISM: - South Carolina Area Health Education
... fever and Hantaviral disease), and Flaviviruses Symptoms: vary from one type to the next. They include: sudden onset of fever, muscle aches, headache, followed by vomiting, diarrhea, and rash and internal bleeding Complications: In severe forms, multiorgan failure occurs, primarily due to hemorrhagi ...
... fever and Hantaviral disease), and Flaviviruses Symptoms: vary from one type to the next. They include: sudden onset of fever, muscle aches, headache, followed by vomiting, diarrhea, and rash and internal bleeding Complications: In severe forms, multiorgan failure occurs, primarily due to hemorrhagi ...
Feline Vaccinations
... Rabies is a disease nearly everyone has heard of. It is contracted when an animal is bitten by another animal that has been infected. The disease is carried in the saliva. Rabies vaccinations are required in many states for cats. Even if you have an indoor cat, they should be vaccinated in case they ...
... Rabies is a disease nearly everyone has heard of. It is contracted when an animal is bitten by another animal that has been infected. The disease is carried in the saliva. Rabies vaccinations are required in many states for cats. Even if you have an indoor cat, they should be vaccinated in case they ...
Infectious bursal disease virus – addressing the global
... broilers is due to factors relating to immunosuppression caused by subclinical IBD. Acute disease and death is due to the necrotizing effect of these viruses on the host tissues. Kidney failure is a common cause of mortality. If the bird survives and recovers from this phase of the disease, it remai ...
... broilers is due to factors relating to immunosuppression caused by subclinical IBD. Acute disease and death is due to the necrotizing effect of these viruses on the host tissues. Kidney failure is a common cause of mortality. If the bird survives and recovers from this phase of the disease, it remai ...
Spring 2015-Chapter 21
... The upper respiratory tract contains a variety of normal microflora that help prevent infection by pathogens that may be inhaled. In addition, mucus from the membranes that line the nasal cavity and pharynx traps microoganisms and most particles of debris, preventing them from passing beyond the ph ...
... The upper respiratory tract contains a variety of normal microflora that help prevent infection by pathogens that may be inhaled. In addition, mucus from the membranes that line the nasal cavity and pharynx traps microoganisms and most particles of debris, preventing them from passing beyond the ph ...
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) - Boston Public Health Commission
... come into direct contact with the infected animal/insect, or their urine, fecal matter, saliva, or other bodily fluids. Many of these viruses can also spread from person to person either by direct contact with the infected person, or their body fluids. In some cases, the disease can spread by breath ...
... come into direct contact with the infected animal/insect, or their urine, fecal matter, saliva, or other bodily fluids. Many of these viruses can also spread from person to person either by direct contact with the infected person, or their body fluids. In some cases, the disease can spread by breath ...
Ebola virus disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD; also Ebola hemorrhagic fever, or EHF), or simply Ebola, is a disease of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. Then, vomiting, diarrhea and rash usually follow, along with decreased function of the liver and kidneys. At this time some people begin to bleed both internally and externally. The disease has a high risk of death, killing between 25 and 90 percent of those infected, with an average of about 50 percent. This is often due to low blood pressure from fluid loss, and typically follows six to sixteen days after symptoms appear.The virus spreads by direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, of an infected human or other animals. This may also occur through contact with an item recently contaminated with bodily fluids. Spread of the disease through the air between primates, including humans, has not been documented in either laboratory or natural conditions. Semen or breast milk of a person after recovery from EVD may still carry the virus for several weeks to months. Fruit bats are believed to be the normal carrier in nature, able to spread the virus without being affected by it. Other diseases such as malaria, cholera, typhoid fever, meningitis and other viral hemorrhagic fevers may resemble EVD. Blood samples are tested for viral RNA, viral antibodies or for the virus itself to confirm the diagnosis.Control of outbreaks requires coordinated medical services, alongside a certain level of community engagement. The medical services include rapid detection of cases of disease, contact tracing of those who have come into contact with infected individuals, quick access to laboratory services, proper healthcare for those who are infected, and proper disposal of the dead through cremation or burial. Samples of body fluids and tissues from people with the disease should be handled with special caution. Prevention includes limiting the spread of disease from infected animals to humans. This may be done by handling potentially infected bush meat only while wearing protective clothing and by thoroughly cooking it before eating it. It also includes wearing proper protective clothing and washing hands when around a person with the disease. No specific treatment or vaccine for the virus is available, although a number of potential treatments are being studied. Supportive efforts, however, improve outcomes. This includes either oral rehydration therapy (drinking slightly sweetened and salty water) or giving intravenous fluids as well as treating symptoms.The disease was first identified in 1976 in two simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, and the other in Yambuku, a village near the Ebola River from which the disease takes its name. EVD outbreaks occur intermittently in tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Between 1976 and 2013, the World Health Organization reports a total of 24 outbreaks involving 1,716 cases. The largest outbreak is the ongoing epidemic in West Africa, still affecting Guinea and Sierra Leone. {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|casesasof}}, this outbreak has {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|cases}} reported cases resulting in {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|deaths}} deaths.{{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|caserefs}}