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PARASITIC DISEASES
PARASITIC DISEASES

... Leishmaniasis refers to a collection of clinical manifestations that are the result of a protozoal infection by members of the Leishmania family. Leishmaniasis generally does not spread from person to person; rather, infections are transmitted to people when they are bitten by an infected female san ...
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... the thigh scarring. She should be examined by a local Doctor in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation to assess that potential problem. Her foot problem resulted in some disability and decreased exercise and therefore weight gain. Usually if a borderline diabetic loses some of their excess weight, th ...
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... A VECTOR is any organism that carries an infectious agent such as a bacterium, a virus, or a protozoan from one organism to another. You can think of a vector much like a taxi or airplane. It is a transmission vehicle for pathogens. Ticks, flies, lice, fleas, and mosquitoes are examples of vectors. ...
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... and the microbes that cause infectious diseases are collectively referred to as pathogens. • Infection is commonly used as a synonym for infectious disease (e.g., an ear infection is an infectious disease of the ear). • Microbiologists reserve the word infection to mean colonization by a pathogen; t ...
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... Women who have chlamydia may also be more likely to get HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, from a person who is infected with HIV. Because of the symptoms associated with chlamydia, infected individuals have a three- to five-fold increase in the risk of acquiring HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) if ex ...
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... Women who have chlamydia may also be more likely to get HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, from a person who is infected with HIV. Because of the symptoms associated with chlamydia, infected individuals have a three- to five-fold increase in the risk of acquiring HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) if ex ...
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... THE TEXAS GUIDE TO SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMS Used Needles, Syringes, and Other Sharp Objects Make arrangements to dispose of used needles, syringes, and other sharp objects at a local medical facility or health department. Needles, syringes, and other sharp objects should be placed immediately after u ...
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Sexually transmitted infection



Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sex, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex. Most STIs initially do not cause symptoms. This results in a greater risk of passing the disease on to others. Symptoms and signs of disease may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain. STIs acquired before or during birth may result in poor outcomes for the baby. Some STIs may cause problems with the ability to get pregnant.More than 30 different bacteria, viruses, and parasites can cause STIs. Bacterial STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis among others. Viral STIs include genital herpes, HIV/AIDS, and genital warts among others. Parasitic STIs include trichomoniasis among others. While usually spread by sex, some STIs can also be spread by non-sexual contact with contaminated blood and tissues, breastfeeding, or during childbirth. STI diagnostic tests are easily available in the developed world, but this is often not the case in the developing world.The most effective way of preventing STIs is by not having sex. Some vaccinations may also decrease the risk of certain infections including hepatitis B and some types of HPV. Safer sex practices such as use of condoms, having a smaller number of sexual partners, and being in a relationship where each person only has sex with the other also decreases the risk. Circumcision in males may be effective to prevent some infections. Most STIs are treatable or curable. Of the most common infections, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis are curable, while herpes, hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS, and HPV are treatable but not curable. Resistance to certain antibiotics is developing among some organisms such as gonorrhea.In 2008, it was estimated that 500 million people were infected with either syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia or trichomoniasis. At least an additional 530 million people have genital herpes and 290 million women have human papillomavirus. STIs other than HIV resulted in 142,000 deaths in 2013. In the United States there were 19 million new cases of sexually transmitted infections in 2010. Historical documentation of STIs date back to at least the Ebers papyrus around 1550 BC and the Old Testament. There is often shame and stigma associated with these infections. The term sexually transmitted infection is generally preferred over the terms sexually transmitted disease and venereal disease, as it includes those who do not have symptomatic disease.
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