Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint
... G. Ingestion of microorganisms that produce toxins/enzymes/ immune suppression factors in situ (E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella). ...
... G. Ingestion of microorganisms that produce toxins/enzymes/ immune suppression factors in situ (E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella). ...
Document
... • Commonly occurs in patients in hospitals or nursing homes • C. diff spores survive cold, hot, or dry surfaces – killed by bleach • Per death certificates, 14,000 people died from C. diff last year in the U.S. • Some in CDC estimate that the true number may be 30K ...
... • Commonly occurs in patients in hospitals or nursing homes • C. diff spores survive cold, hot, or dry surfaces – killed by bleach • Per death certificates, 14,000 people died from C. diff last year in the U.S. • Some in CDC estimate that the true number may be 30K ...
Enterobacteriaceae (Intro and E. coli)
... Estimated 80,000 cases in US travelers annually (650 million worldwide) In small intestine; watery diarrhea, cramps, vomiting, fever Occurs in developing countries usually in children or travelers (traveler’s diarrhea) 1-2 day incubation, 3-4 duration Infectious dose is high so person to person spre ...
... Estimated 80,000 cases in US travelers annually (650 million worldwide) In small intestine; watery diarrhea, cramps, vomiting, fever Occurs in developing countries usually in children or travelers (traveler’s diarrhea) 1-2 day incubation, 3-4 duration Infectious dose is high so person to person spre ...
Chapter 22: The Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Defenses
... 3) Duodenal ulcer: lesion in the uppermost portion of the small intestine 4) Severe ulcers can be accompanied by bloody stools, vomiting, or both D) Infection can persist for years or life 1) Long-term infection with H. pylori might be a contributing factor to stomach cancer 4. Diarrheal Illnesses A ...
... 3) Duodenal ulcer: lesion in the uppermost portion of the small intestine 4) Severe ulcers can be accompanied by bloody stools, vomiting, or both D) Infection can persist for years or life 1) Long-term infection with H. pylori might be a contributing factor to stomach cancer 4. Diarrheal Illnesses A ...
ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS-REVISED
... person-to-person spread. Increased resistance now limits the effectiveness of trimethoprim– sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid, which were once considered optimal therapies for shigellosis. Clinical trials have established the efficacy of newer fluoroquinolones for adults with shigello ...
... person-to-person spread. Increased resistance now limits the effectiveness of trimethoprim– sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid, which were once considered optimal therapies for shigellosis. Clinical trials have established the efficacy of newer fluoroquinolones for adults with shigello ...
Survival of Selected Bacteria Causing Traveler`s Diarrhea in
... •The main aims of this project were to determine the survival of S. typhi and Sh. flexneri in different water and beverages and to measure pH of all drinks •As results indicate that some water and beverages were not bacteria friendly and bacteria die after either 30 min or 24 ...
... •The main aims of this project were to determine the survival of S. typhi and Sh. flexneri in different water and beverages and to measure pH of all drinks •As results indicate that some water and beverages were not bacteria friendly and bacteria die after either 30 min or 24 ...
Guide to Life-cycle, Pathology, Symptomatology, and Treatment of
... showing fewer than three trophozoites per high-powered field. It is often considered nonpathogenic. Infrequently, any of the following symptoms may occur: mild diarrhea (2-4 soft stools per day), abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, fatigue, bloating, cramps, or alternating diarrhea and constipation. T ...
... showing fewer than three trophozoites per high-powered field. It is often considered nonpathogenic. Infrequently, any of the following symptoms may occur: mild diarrhea (2-4 soft stools per day), abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, fatigue, bloating, cramps, or alternating diarrhea and constipation. T ...
Infection
... Bacteria spread throughout body in phagocytes 1–3% of recovered patients become chronic carriers ...
... Bacteria spread throughout body in phagocytes 1–3% of recovered patients become chronic carriers ...
Employee Health and Personal Hygiene
... after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment. • In some cases, though, the diarrhea may be so severe, the patient becomes dangerously dehydrated and must be hospitalized. ...
... after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts four to seven days, and most people recover without treatment. • In some cases, though, the diarrhea may be so severe, the patient becomes dangerously dehydrated and must be hospitalized. ...
polyethylene glycol (po-lee-eth-e-leenglye-kole)
... Contraindicated in: GI obstruction; Gastric retention; Toxic colitis; Megacolon; Bowel perforation. ...
... Contraindicated in: GI obstruction; Gastric retention; Toxic colitis; Megacolon; Bowel perforation. ...
Are we really what we eat? Listeria and foodborne illnesses
... • Antibiotics not used in those at low risk for complications • If bacteremia or infant < 3 months old, immunocompromised patient treat with: – Ampicillin, Septra (trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole), Ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin <18 ...
... • Antibiotics not used in those at low risk for complications • If bacteremia or infant < 3 months old, immunocompromised patient treat with: – Ampicillin, Septra (trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole), Ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin <18 ...
Disorders of the Digestive System
... bones more likely warm -Osteoporosis Stomach: Mouth: -Stomach may swell following -Enamel erosion eating or binging (causes -Loss of teeth discomfort and bloating) -Gum disease -Gastric rupture due to severe -“Chipmunk cheeks”- swollen binge eating (gastric rupture has salivary glands from vomiting ...
... bones more likely warm -Osteoporosis Stomach: Mouth: -Stomach may swell following -Enamel erosion eating or binging (causes -Loss of teeth discomfort and bloating) -Gum disease -Gastric rupture due to severe -“Chipmunk cheeks”- swollen binge eating (gastric rupture has salivary glands from vomiting ...
Document
... the population. Infections in the U.S. are more prevalent in warm weather months. Shellfish-related outbreaks have been reported in Japan. • Plesiomonas gastroenteritis in humans usually presents as mild watery diarrhea. • Patients who are immunosuppressed or who have GI malignancies, may develop a ...
... the population. Infections in the U.S. are more prevalent in warm weather months. Shellfish-related outbreaks have been reported in Japan. • Plesiomonas gastroenteritis in humans usually presents as mild watery diarrhea. • Patients who are immunosuppressed or who have GI malignancies, may develop a ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... • ID 3-50 bacilli • Bubonic – bacillus multiplies in flea bite, enters lymph, causes necrosis and swelling called a bubo in groin or axilla • Septicemic – progression to massive bacterial growth; virulence factors cause intravascular coagulation subcutaneous hemorrhage and purpura – black ...
... • ID 3-50 bacilli • Bubonic – bacillus multiplies in flea bite, enters lymph, causes necrosis and swelling called a bubo in groin or axilla • Septicemic – progression to massive bacterial growth; virulence factors cause intravascular coagulation subcutaneous hemorrhage and purpura – black ...
Escherichia coli is a bacterium, which inhabits the intestinal tract of
... other enteric bacteria not necessarily of the same species. ...
... other enteric bacteria not necessarily of the same species. ...
Infectious Diarrhea
... Infectious Diarrhea A. Introduction Acute gastrointestinal illnesses rank second only to acute respiratory illnesses as the most common disease worldwide. In children less than 5 years old, attack rates range from 2-3 illnesses per child per year in developed countries to 10-18 illnesses per child p ...
... Infectious Diarrhea A. Introduction Acute gastrointestinal illnesses rank second only to acute respiratory illnesses as the most common disease worldwide. In children less than 5 years old, attack rates range from 2-3 illnesses per child per year in developed countries to 10-18 illnesses per child p ...
Chapter 22: The Gastrointestinal Tract and Its Defenses
... 3) Duodenal ulcer: lesion in the uppermost portion of the small intestine 4) Severe ulcers can be accompanied by bloody stools, vomiting, or both D) Infection can persist for years or life 1) Long-term infection with H. pylori might be a contributing factor to stomach cancer 4. Diarrheal Illnesses A ...
... 3) Duodenal ulcer: lesion in the uppermost portion of the small intestine 4) Severe ulcers can be accompanied by bloody stools, vomiting, or both D) Infection can persist for years or life 1) Long-term infection with H. pylori might be a contributing factor to stomach cancer 4. Diarrheal Illnesses A ...
Case Study - Cell Transport and Diarrhea
... When food exits the stomach, it moves into the small intestine where digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs. At this point, the waste that remains in the small intestine contains quite a bit of water. Once this waste reaches the large intestine, most of this water is absorbed through cells in ...
... When food exits the stomach, it moves into the small intestine where digestion and absorption of nutrients occurs. At this point, the waste that remains in the small intestine contains quite a bit of water. Once this waste reaches the large intestine, most of this water is absorbed through cells in ...
GI Disorders
... of blood through the liver and slows the processing of nutrients, hormones, drugs, and naturally produced toxins. It also slows the production of proteins and other substances made by the liver. ...
... of blood through the liver and slows the processing of nutrients, hormones, drugs, and naturally produced toxins. It also slows the production of proteins and other substances made by the liver. ...
microbiology ch 53 [9-4
... Nitazoxanide has activity against cryptosporidia in immunocompetent hosts, but doesn’t help compromised o Supportive therapy w/rehydration and antimotility agents is mainstay of immunocompromised; successful treatment w/antiretroviral therapy and restoration of cell-mediated immunity can improve C ...
... Nitazoxanide has activity against cryptosporidia in immunocompetent hosts, but doesn’t help compromised o Supportive therapy w/rehydration and antimotility agents is mainstay of immunocompromised; successful treatment w/antiretroviral therapy and restoration of cell-mediated immunity can improve C ...
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea
... following discharge from hospital, please review this information on antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Why Can Diarrhea Occur with Antibiotics? One of the most common side effects of antibiotics is diarrhea, which is usually mild Clostridium difficile is one of many germs (bacteria) that can be found ...
... following discharge from hospital, please review this information on antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Why Can Diarrhea Occur with Antibiotics? One of the most common side effects of antibiotics is diarrhea, which is usually mild Clostridium difficile is one of many germs (bacteria) that can be found ...
Zoonotic Disease Potentials of Poultry Eggs
... Staphylococcus aureus infections in poultry may cause diseases ranging from skin infections to generalized septicemia. Symptoms in man are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Contaminated eggs can be a source of infection. Wear gloves and follow hygienic procedures when handling eggs and ...
... Staphylococcus aureus infections in poultry may cause diseases ranging from skin infections to generalized septicemia. Symptoms in man are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Contaminated eggs can be a source of infection. Wear gloves and follow hygienic procedures when handling eggs and ...
Shigellae
... IP of 1-4 days symptoms begin with fever and abdominal camps watery diarrhea caused by action of exotoxin on small intestine then diarrhea will be less liquid containing blood and mucus. Severity of disease depend on 2 factors: -Species of shigella ↘ → Sh.dysenteriae is the most sever Sh.sonnei ...
... IP of 1-4 days symptoms begin with fever and abdominal camps watery diarrhea caused by action of exotoxin on small intestine then diarrhea will be less liquid containing blood and mucus. Severity of disease depend on 2 factors: -Species of shigella ↘ → Sh.dysenteriae is the most sever Sh.sonnei ...
Diarrhea - Carnegie Hill Endoscopy
... reason may be a change in how quickly food moves through the digestive system after stomach surgery or an increase in bile in the colon that can occur after gallbladder surgery. In many cases, the cause of diarrhea cannot be found. As long as diarrhea goes away on its own, an extensive search for th ...
... reason may be a change in how quickly food moves through the digestive system after stomach surgery or an increase in bile in the colon that can occur after gallbladder surgery. In many cases, the cause of diarrhea cannot be found. As long as diarrhea goes away on its own, an extensive search for th ...
Neisseria and Enterobacteraceae
... • Family of bacteria with 4 genera, 2 are strictly pathogenic and the other 2 are normal flora—we are only going to look at 1 of them • Gram negative cocci, typically arranged in ...
... • Family of bacteria with 4 genera, 2 are strictly pathogenic and the other 2 are normal flora—we are only going to look at 1 of them • Gram negative cocci, typically arranged in ...
Diarrhea
Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and changes in personality. This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe. Loose but non watery stools in babies who are breastfed, however, may be normal.The most common cause is an infection of the intestines due to either a virus, bacteria, or parasite; a condition known as gastroenteritis. These infections are often acquired from food or water that has been contaminated by stool, or directly from another person who is infected. It may be divided into three types: short duration watery diarrhea, short duration bloody diarrhea, and if it lasts for more than two weeks, persistent diarrhea. The short duration watery diarrhea may be due to an infection by cholera. If blood is present it is also known as dysentery. A number of non-infectious causes may also result in diarrhea, including hyperthyroidism, lactose intolerance, inflammatory bowel disease, a number of medications, and irritable bowel syndrome. In most cases stool cultures are not required to confirm the exact cause.Prevention of infectious diarrhea is by improved sanitation, clean drinking water, and hand washing with soap. Breastfeeding for at least six months is also recommended as is vaccination against rotavirus. Oral rehydration solution (ORS), which is clean water with modest amounts of salts and sugar, is the treatment of choice. Zinc tablets are also recommended. These treatments have been estimated to have saved 50 million children in the past 25 years. When people have diarrhea it is recommended that they continue to eat healthy food and babies continue to be breastfeed. If commercial ORS are not available, homemade solutions may be used. In those with severe dehydration, intravenous fluids may be required. Most cases; however, can be managed well with fluids by mouth. Antibiotics, while rarely used, may be recommended in a few cases such as those who have bloody diarrhea and a high fever, those with severe diarrhea following travelling, and those who grow specific bacteria or parasites in their stool. Loperamide may help decrease the number of bowel movement but is not recommended in those with severe disease.About 1.7 to 5 billion cases of diarrhea occur per year. It is most common in developing countries, where young children get diarrhea on average three times a year. Total deaths from diarrhea are estimated at 1.26 million in 2013 – down from 2.58 million in 1990. In 2012, it is the second most common cause of deaths in children younger than five (0.76 million or 11%). Frequent episodes of diarrhea are also a common cause of malnutrition and the most common cause in those younger than five years of age. Other long term problems that can result include stunted growth and poor intellectual development.