Nature of Infectious Diseases
... Modes of Transmission May be transmitted through direct or indirect contact Direct contact: occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the reservoir Indirect contact: occcurs when a pathogen can withstand the environment outside its host for a long period of time before infecting a ...
... Modes of Transmission May be transmitted through direct or indirect contact Direct contact: occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the reservoir Indirect contact: occcurs when a pathogen can withstand the environment outside its host for a long period of time before infecting a ...
Introduction to infectious diseases
... • Unicellular organisms, usually a few micrometers long. • Most bacteria live in environment (or inside other organisms) and do not cause disease. • Estimated that human body has 10 times as many bacteria as human cells! • A small minority of bacterial species are pathogens and cause disease. • Evol ...
... • Unicellular organisms, usually a few micrometers long. • Most bacteria live in environment (or inside other organisms) and do not cause disease. • Estimated that human body has 10 times as many bacteria as human cells! • A small minority of bacterial species are pathogens and cause disease. • Evol ...
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... • Leading reason for liver transplants • 2% risk of infection by contaminated sharp ...
... • Leading reason for liver transplants • 2% risk of infection by contaminated sharp ...
Ring rot of potato
... Ring rot is caused by the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. It is found in parts of North America and is also established in northern and eastern Europe. Within the EC, there have been findings in most member states. There have also been outbreaks in a number of the countries t ...
... Ring rot is caused by the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. It is found in parts of North America and is also established in northern and eastern Europe. Within the EC, there have been findings in most member states. There have also been outbreaks in a number of the countries t ...
Ch 14 Principles of Disease and Epidemiology
... • Pathology: scientific study of disease • Etiology: cause of a disease • Pathogenesis: development of disease • Is this a type of symbiosis? ...
... • Pathology: scientific study of disease • Etiology: cause of a disease • Pathogenesis: development of disease • Is this a type of symbiosis? ...
How to spot foot and mouth disease
... – Contamination from the carcass of an infected animal. – Contamination from any place where an infected animal has been; from pastures and loading ramps, to markets and roads. – Contamination from other animals such as dogs, cats, poultry and foxes. These animals can carry infected material on thei ...
... – Contamination from the carcass of an infected animal. – Contamination from any place where an infected animal has been; from pastures and loading ramps, to markets and roads. – Contamination from other animals such as dogs, cats, poultry and foxes. These animals can carry infected material on thei ...
Foot and Mouth Disease - Fact Sheet 1
... – Contamination from the carcass of an infected animal. – Contamination from any place where an infected animal has been; from pastures and loading ramps, to markets and roads. – Contamination from other animals such as dogs, cats, poultry and foxes. These animals can carry infected material on thei ...
... – Contamination from the carcass of an infected animal. – Contamination from any place where an infected animal has been; from pastures and loading ramps, to markets and roads. – Contamination from other animals such as dogs, cats, poultry and foxes. These animals can carry infected material on thei ...
Infectious Diseases
... – An airborne disease where bacteria infiltrate the lungs and cause a chronic inflammatory reaction – Symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and spitting up blood ...
... – An airborne disease where bacteria infiltrate the lungs and cause a chronic inflammatory reaction – Symptoms include coughing, weight loss, fever and spitting up blood ...
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the skin and other soft tissues
... patients, the following isolations are carried out: M.marinum 50 % (7/14), M.chelonae 35,71% (5/14), M.abscessus 7,14% (1/14) and M.malmoense 7,14%(1/14).As predisposing factors: contact with marine animals in 14,26% of the cases (2/14), both because of M.marinum and 7,14% (1/14) immunosuppression b ...
... patients, the following isolations are carried out: M.marinum 50 % (7/14), M.chelonae 35,71% (5/14), M.abscessus 7,14% (1/14) and M.malmoense 7,14%(1/14).As predisposing factors: contact with marine animals in 14,26% of the cases (2/14), both because of M.marinum and 7,14% (1/14) immunosuppression b ...
S. aureus
... S. Pneumoniae • All pathogenic strains form large capsules – major virulence factor • Specific soluble substance (SSS) varies among types • 90 different capsular types have been identified • Causes pneumonia and otitis media ...
... S. Pneumoniae • All pathogenic strains form large capsules – major virulence factor • Specific soluble substance (SSS) varies among types • 90 different capsular types have been identified • Causes pneumonia and otitis media ...
Theileria parva infections
... carriers. For this reason, the treatment of Theileria parva infections in some countries, like South Africa, has been prohibited. Corridor disease responds to treatment with buparvaquone and halofuginone, but as the course of the disease is usually short it may be difficult to institute treatment in ...
... carriers. For this reason, the treatment of Theileria parva infections in some countries, like South Africa, has been prohibited. Corridor disease responds to treatment with buparvaquone and halofuginone, but as the course of the disease is usually short it may be difficult to institute treatment in ...
Health Advisory: NTM Infections Following hCG Injections
... hCG obtained from weight loss clinics. CDC had also received notification from another state health department of a patient with a similar infection who also self-administered hCG injections for weight loss. NTM infections were confirmed in 3 of the 5 patients. All of these hCG products likely origi ...
... hCG obtained from weight loss clinics. CDC had also received notification from another state health department of a patient with a similar infection who also self-administered hCG injections for weight loss. NTM infections were confirmed in 3 of the 5 patients. All of these hCG products likely origi ...
Infectious Disease
... • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things. ...
... • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things. ...
BBP Power Point PDF
... It is your responsibility to treat every student or employee as if they were infected with a BBP, no matter how unbelievable it may seem. ...
... It is your responsibility to treat every student or employee as if they were infected with a BBP, no matter how unbelievable it may seem. ...
Tropical Diseases
... reducing the impact of cholera and other waterborne diseases. • Oral cholera vaccines are considered an additional means to control cholera, but should not replace conventional control measures. ...
... reducing the impact of cholera and other waterborne diseases. • Oral cholera vaccines are considered an additional means to control cholera, but should not replace conventional control measures. ...
Chapter 6: Infection Control
... It promotes public health and safety through education and tries to control and prevent disease. ...
... It promotes public health and safety through education and tries to control and prevent disease. ...
Streptococcus pneumoniae
... Virulent strains of S. pneumoniae are covered with a complex polysaccharide capsule. It is these polysaccharides that are used for the serologic classification of strains; currently, 90 serotypes are recognized. Purified capsular polysaccharides from the most commonly isolated serotypes are used in ...
... Virulent strains of S. pneumoniae are covered with a complex polysaccharide capsule. It is these polysaccharides that are used for the serologic classification of strains; currently, 90 serotypes are recognized. Purified capsular polysaccharides from the most commonly isolated serotypes are used in ...
M. tuberculosis
... But if many bacilli are present, cellular immune response (over-reactive, impaired) results in formation of large, necrotic or caseous granulomas encapsulated with fibrin, which protect bacteria from macrophage killing (latent), thus may be reactivated years later when patients’ immunologic responsi ...
... But if many bacilli are present, cellular immune response (over-reactive, impaired) results in formation of large, necrotic or caseous granulomas encapsulated with fibrin, which protect bacteria from macrophage killing (latent), thus may be reactivated years later when patients’ immunologic responsi ...
Onchocerciasis
Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness and Robles disease, is a disease caused by infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. Symptoms include severe itching, bumps under the skin, and blindness. It is the second most common cause of blindness due to infection, after trachoma.The parasite worm is spread by the bites of a black fly of the Simulium type. Usually many bites are required before infection occurs. These flies live near rivers, hence the name of the disease. Once inside a person, the worms create larvae that make their way out to the skin. Here they can infect the next black fly that bites the person. There are a number of ways to make the diagnosis including: placing a biopsy of the skin in normal saline and watching for the larva to come out, looking in the eye for larvae, and looking within the bumps under the skin for adult worms.A vaccine against the disease does not exist. Prevention is by avoiding being bitten by flies. This may include the use of insect repellent and proper clothing. Other efforts include those to decrease the fly population by spraying insecticides. Efforts to eradicate the disease by treating entire groups of people twice a year is ongoing in a number of areas of the world. Treatment of those infected is with the medication ivermectin every six to twelve months. This treatment kills the larva but not the adult worms. The medication doxycycline, which kills an associated bacterium called Wolbachia, appears to weaken the worms and is recommended by some as well. Removal of the lumps under the skin by surgery may also be done.About 17 to 25 million people are infected with river blindness, with approximately 0.8 million having some amount of loss of vision. Most infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa, although cases have also been reported in Yemen and isolated areas of Central and South America. In 1915, the physician Rodolfo Robles first linked the worm to eye disease. It is listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease.