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Red eye
Red eye

... Conjunctiva is often intensely hyperaemic and there maybe follicles, haemorrhages, inflammatory membranes and a preauricular node The most common cause is an adenoviral infection No specific therapy but cold compresses are helpful ...
ICIP Jul 05.qxp
ICIP Jul 05.qxp

Too sick for school?
Too sick for school?

... firm and round, with dimples in the middle. In children, occur mostly on the face, trunk, upper arms and legs. Symptoms can last 6 months to 2 years. ...
CIC bioGUNE researchers embark on work to
CIC bioGUNE researchers embark on work to

... strains are interrelated. Whilst the transgenic mice, designed to replicate Canadian deer prions, showed a stable propagation of each one of the prion strains, the transgenic mice designed to replicate prions from mule deer propagated an unstable mixture of CWD strains, preventing their separation t ...
Key Points to Infection Control
Key Points to Infection Control

... Prevention and Control program is to reduce the risk of endemic and epidemic nosocomial infections in patients, visitors and staff. ...
Information Cascade
Information Cascade

...  Question: How to select a subset of persons such that maximum number of persons can be influenced? ...
Chlamydial conjunctivitis: presentation and investigations
Chlamydial conjunctivitis: presentation and investigations

... on elevation. However, the conjunctival swabs indicated the presence of chlamydia, while other bacteriology and viral swabs were negative. The patient was referred to the genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic where genital swabs were taken and the patient was commenced on doxycycline 100 mg twice a da ...
epidemiology - Devon County Council
epidemiology - Devon County Council

... has never been recorded in the UK, but there may be some evidence of infection in birds. Many species of birds act as “maintenance” hosts and provide sources of infection, but horses and people are regarded as “dead end” hosts from which no further spread occurs. The majority of people who become in ...
INSTRUCTION SHEET: ABRASIONS University of North Carolina Wilmington Abrons Student Health Center
INSTRUCTION SHEET: ABRASIONS University of North Carolina Wilmington Abrons Student Health Center

... Abrasions are superficial (not deep) wounds; only the outer layers of skin are involved. As with any break in the skin, infection is possible. Infection in abrasions, however, is less common than with deeper wounds: Bacteria can’t hide and multiply as easily. Abrasions are typically painful, since n ...
Laboratory Testing for Lyme disease in Alberta
Laboratory Testing for Lyme disease in Alberta

... Available from the NML by special request, ProvLab MOC must be contacted prior to submission of samples. All samples submitted for molecular testing must have a companion blood sent for serologic testing, specifically for patients with a provisional diagnosis of neuroborreliosis and/or arthritis, to ...
Eastern Equine Encephalitis
Eastern Equine Encephalitis

... occurs in eastern and north central US and Canada and in scattered areas of Central and South America and in the Caribbean.(8) In most regions of the US where EEE is enzootic, transmission to humans usually occurs during May to October. A total of 200 cases of EEE have been reported in the US from 1 ...
AABP FACT SHEET
AABP FACT SHEET

... ■ Infection causes significant tissue necrosis that can involve joints if left untreated. ■ Lesions may be treated effectively with a range of parenteral antibiotics, provided they are administered early in the course of the disease. ■ Control is by a combination of hygiene, footbathing, medication ...
Active Immunization
Active Immunization

... Other Vaccine Constituents • Suspending Fluid - sterile water or saline, possibly with proteins or other components e.g. egg antigens, gelatin • Preservatives, Stabilizers, Antibiotics Mercurials, such as thimerosal, and antibiotics, such as neomycin and streptomycin, are often added to prevent bac ...
Disease Spread Gizmo
Disease Spread Gizmo

... Gizmo Warm-up When a person has a disease, his or her normal body functions are disrupted. Some diseases, such as diabetes and most cancers, are not spread from one person to another. But other diseases, such as the flu and strep throat, can be spread. These diseases are known as infectious diseases ...
Syphilis
Syphilis

... occur three months after contracting the infection mimic flu symptoms and may include hair loss (including eyebrows and eyelashes), muscle and joint pain, rashes (particularly on the palms and soles of the feet), and fever and swollen glands generally feel unwell and may lose weight these symptoms w ...
Clinical Pathology Conference
Clinical Pathology Conference

... -fever, anemia, LFT abnormalities, nephrotic syndrome, low serum complement, polyarthritis, hypertension, LE purpura, CHF, CNS involvement ...
Ocular Manifestations of Rickettsial Disease
Ocular Manifestations of Rickettsial Disease

... Additional therapeutic agents may be required for ocular disease: topical antibiotics for conjunctivitis or keratitis, topical steroids and mydriatic drops for anterior uveitis, systemic steroids for severe ophthalmic involvement, such as extensive retinitis threatening the macula or optic disc, ser ...
Infectious Diseases in the 19th-Century City
Infectious Diseases in the 19th-Century City

... And so people believed that this stench itself, the smell itself, was the cause of disease. They believed that the garbage in the streets produced these miasmas -- that is, the stench that people smelled -- and these miasmas sort of polluted the air, spreading across the city, carrying disease with ...
Multifactorial incidence of early blight and its control
Multifactorial incidence of early blight and its control

... The infected potato plant(about 2 months old) was collected from a field of village Kamarhati, approximately 1 km away from the Saithia-Rampurhat state highway , West Bengal. The disease intensity was measured on the basis of leaf area infected and the average infection was approximately about 30% - ...
What is MRSA (Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)
What is MRSA (Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)

... What is MRSA (Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)? In layman’s words – it is a bacteria found in human noses and mouths, on human hands and on many surfaces in our environment that when given entry into an open wound causes a serious infection because the bacteria is resistant to many antib ...
Infection Prevention in the Classroom Setting USA Center for Rural
Infection Prevention in the Classroom Setting USA Center for Rural

... The USA Center for Rural Public Health Preparedness at Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Rural Public Health designed this train-the-trainer activity for teachers and their students. It provides information , ideas, and learning activities for the classroom to help keep children healthy and ...
Men-In-G-It-Is
Men-In-G-It-Is

Acute childhood exanthems
Acute childhood exanthems

... GianottieCrosti syndrome GianottieCrosti syndrome (papular acrodermatitis of childhood) was originally described in association with hepatitis B infection. The commonest cause, however, is EpsteineBarr virus (EBV), and other infectious agents have been implicated, including enteroviruses, various re ...
Kawasaki Disease and Hypertension in An Infant
Kawasaki Disease and Hypertension in An Infant

Leptospirosis presenting as respiratory distress with
Leptospirosis presenting as respiratory distress with

... interscapular regions with occasional wheeze. Fundus showed early papilledema. Investigations revealed a total leukocyte count of 4300 cells/cumm with a normal differential count and a platelet count of 90,000 cells/cumm. His serum creatinine phosphokinase was elevated. The chest radiograph, compute ...
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Onchocerciasis



Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness and Robles disease, is a disease caused by infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. Symptoms include severe itching, bumps under the skin, and blindness. It is the second most common cause of blindness due to infection, after trachoma.The parasite worm is spread by the bites of a black fly of the Simulium type. Usually many bites are required before infection occurs. These flies live near rivers, hence the name of the disease. Once inside a person, the worms create larvae that make their way out to the skin. Here they can infect the next black fly that bites the person. There are a number of ways to make the diagnosis including: placing a biopsy of the skin in normal saline and watching for the larva to come out, looking in the eye for larvae, and looking within the bumps under the skin for adult worms.A vaccine against the disease does not exist. Prevention is by avoiding being bitten by flies. This may include the use of insect repellent and proper clothing. Other efforts include those to decrease the fly population by spraying insecticides. Efforts to eradicate the disease by treating entire groups of people twice a year is ongoing in a number of areas of the world. Treatment of those infected is with the medication ivermectin every six to twelve months. This treatment kills the larva but not the adult worms. The medication doxycycline, which kills an associated bacterium called Wolbachia, appears to weaken the worms and is recommended by some as well. Removal of the lumps under the skin by surgery may also be done.About 17 to 25 million people are infected with river blindness, with approximately 0.8 million having some amount of loss of vision. Most infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa, although cases have also been reported in Yemen and isolated areas of Central and South America. In 1915, the physician Rodolfo Robles first linked the worm to eye disease. It is listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease.
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