doc - National Bureau of Economic Research
... Ambulatory medical care is the predominant method of providing health care services in the United States (1). Since 1973, data on ambulatory patient visits to physicians' offices have been collected through the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). However, visits to hospital emergency an ...
... Ambulatory medical care is the predominant method of providing health care services in the United States (1). Since 1973, data on ambulatory patient visits to physicians' offices have been collected through the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS). However, visits to hospital emergency an ...
H • LAC Westbury
... Nonferatogenic Effects : Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent . The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomi ...
... Nonferatogenic Effects : Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent . The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomi ...
investigation of electrostatic charging phenomena in dry powder
... lung. Yet, the occurrence and origins of electrostatic charge on medicinal aerosol particles are poorly investigated and understood. The major physicochemical properties of two drugs (albuterol sulfate and budesonide) and a number of excipients (lactose, glucose and calcium phosphate) were assessed. ...
... lung. Yet, the occurrence and origins of electrostatic charge on medicinal aerosol particles are poorly investigated and understood. The major physicochemical properties of two drugs (albuterol sulfate and budesonide) and a number of excipients (lactose, glucose and calcium phosphate) were assessed. ...
Marijuana: The Facts - Drug Policy Alliance
... How strong is today’s marijuana? Those who have risk factors, such as a family history of mental health issues, should be cautious in their exposure to all substances that have any intoxicating effects. Unfortunately, in adolescence, teens are more likely to experiment with intoxicants and less like ...
... How strong is today’s marijuana? Those who have risk factors, such as a family history of mental health issues, should be cautious in their exposure to all substances that have any intoxicating effects. Unfortunately, in adolescence, teens are more likely to experiment with intoxicants and less like ...
Modeling Multi-typed Structurally Viewed Chemicals with the UMLS
... hydrolysis reaction) that undoes the original reaction used in the conjugate’s creation. On the other hand, mixtures are made of two or more chemicals, where the chemicals are not joined by covalent bonds. Therefore, they can be mixed at different proportions (i.e., the composition can be varied). W ...
... hydrolysis reaction) that undoes the original reaction used in the conjugate’s creation. On the other hand, mixtures are made of two or more chemicals, where the chemicals are not joined by covalent bonds. Therefore, they can be mixed at different proportions (i.e., the composition can be varied). W ...
The Making of a CYP3A Biomarker Panel for Guiding
... Inter-individual variability in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME), arising from both genetic and non-genetic factors, is a main cause of therapeutic failure or undesirable adverse effects. To optimize drug response, multiple strategies have been developed to tailor ind ...
... Inter-individual variability in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME), arising from both genetic and non-genetic factors, is a main cause of therapeutic failure or undesirable adverse effects. To optimize drug response, multiple strategies have been developed to tailor ind ...
bioequivalence guideline
... BCS based biowaiver is not acceptable for NTI drugs. It cannot be said upfront whether a drug substance is an NTI as there is no list of NTI drug substances agreed upon at EU level so far. Scientific Advice (EMA or National Agencies) is the appropriate tool to reach a decision. In the near future, s ...
... BCS based biowaiver is not acceptable for NTI drugs. It cannot be said upfront whether a drug substance is an NTI as there is no list of NTI drug substances agreed upon at EU level so far. Scientific Advice (EMA or National Agencies) is the appropriate tool to reach a decision. In the near future, s ...
DESCRIPTION: Brevoxyl-4 and Brevoxyl
... Benzoyl peroxide is an antibacterial agent with demonstrated activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The exact mode of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne vulgaris is not known. It is believed to act by slowly releasing active oxygen. Benzoyl peroxide improves both inflammatory and noninflammatory ...
... Benzoyl peroxide is an antibacterial agent with demonstrated activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The exact mode of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne vulgaris is not known. It is believed to act by slowly releasing active oxygen. Benzoyl peroxide improves both inflammatory and noninflammatory ...
Therapeutic and pharmacological potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill
... treating diseases (1,2). Nowadays medicinal herbs are good alternative to chemical drugs, one of the major reason for this is low side effect compared to chemical drugs (3,4). Plants have always played an important role in the health and treatment of human society (5). Medicinal herbs have fewer sid ...
... treating diseases (1,2). Nowadays medicinal herbs are good alternative to chemical drugs, one of the major reason for this is low side effect compared to chemical drugs (3,4). Plants have always played an important role in the health and treatment of human society (5). Medicinal herbs have fewer sid ...
L04 Hard Gelatin Capsule
... be used for closing and ejection. The capsules upon ejection =r2FYbmwV_iU are collected through the chute into a collector. Palletized or For video granular material can be filled on this machine, however, it is desirable to remove the auger from the hopper in order to avoid crushing. It may also be ...
... be used for closing and ejection. The capsules upon ejection =r2FYbmwV_iU are collected through the chute into a collector. Palletized or For video granular material can be filled on this machine, however, it is desirable to remove the auger from the hopper in order to avoid crushing. It may also be ...
Quantitative Comparison of the Hydrogen Bond
... globular than the native state. Nevertheless, certain secondary elements can be clearly detected. In the N-terminal part, the first antiparallel β-hairpin β1/β2 (residues M1 to V17) and the central R-helix R (residues I23 to G35) of the native state preserve their secondary conformation in the A-sta ...
... globular than the native state. Nevertheless, certain secondary elements can be clearly detected. In the N-terminal part, the first antiparallel β-hairpin β1/β2 (residues M1 to V17) and the central R-helix R (residues I23 to G35) of the native state preserve their secondary conformation in the A-sta ...
Phenytoin: A Guide to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
... Because of the long half-life of phenytoin during long-term administration, the diurnal fluctuation in its plasma concentration is relatively small. The timing of blood samples in relation to the time of dosing is therefore of little importance for correctly interpreting the plasma concentration4. L ...
... Because of the long half-life of phenytoin during long-term administration, the diurnal fluctuation in its plasma concentration is relatively small. The timing of blood samples in relation to the time of dosing is therefore of little importance for correctly interpreting the plasma concentration4. L ...
Reynolds-Psych-Panels-11-20-12
... Patients who are homozygous for the CYP1A2*1F/*1F genotype may exhibit even higher rates of CYP1A2 enzymatic activity and have been described as ultra-rapid metabolizers for olanzapine. As an example, carriers of CY1A2*1F with the hyperinduction phenotype may exhibit as much as 50% lower than expect ...
... Patients who are homozygous for the CYP1A2*1F/*1F genotype may exhibit even higher rates of CYP1A2 enzymatic activity and have been described as ultra-rapid metabolizers for olanzapine. As an example, carriers of CY1A2*1F with the hyperinduction phenotype may exhibit as much as 50% lower than expect ...
A UNIQUELY OPTIMIZED, HIGHLY CONCENTRATED POWDERED
... A uniquely optimized, highly concentrated powdered blend of glycerol and silica, made for easy inclusion in readyto-mix and capsule applications, HydroMax® from Glanbia Nutritionals offers all the benefits of glycerol without the drawbacks. In rigorous studies glycerol has been shown to improve athl ...
... A uniquely optimized, highly concentrated powdered blend of glycerol and silica, made for easy inclusion in readyto-mix and capsule applications, HydroMax® from Glanbia Nutritionals offers all the benefits of glycerol without the drawbacks. In rigorous studies glycerol has been shown to improve athl ...
Quinine toxicity identified after 40 years
... time she finally admitted that she once had a self-induced abortion shortly before the episode of visual decrease. She could not remember any features of cinchonism but she did have severe systemic upset after the abortion. She did not know what drug she took for the abortion, but she claimed that i ...
... time she finally admitted that she once had a self-induced abortion shortly before the episode of visual decrease. She could not remember any features of cinchonism but she did have severe systemic upset after the abortion. She did not know what drug she took for the abortion, but she claimed that i ...
Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of Paliperidone, a New
... 0.25-ml aliquots were diluted with distilled water up to 1 ml and mixed with 10 ml of Ultima Gold as a scintillation cocktail. The fecal residues were air-dried and weighed. The dried residues were ground to a fine powder in an Ultra Centrifugal Mill ZM100. Four weighed subsamples of approximately 1 ...
... 0.25-ml aliquots were diluted with distilled water up to 1 ml and mixed with 10 ml of Ultima Gold as a scintillation cocktail. The fecal residues were air-dried and weighed. The dried residues were ground to a fine powder in an Ultra Centrifugal Mill ZM100. Four weighed subsamples of approximately 1 ...
Central Nervous System Permeation of Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen and
... ventricular and subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), both act as physical, metabolic and efflux barriers. In addition, they express several influx transporters and receptors. As a consequence, the BBB and the BCSFB can regulate extremely efficiently the CNS transport of both small and large molec ...
... ventricular and subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), both act as physical, metabolic and efflux barriers. In addition, they express several influx transporters and receptors. As a consequence, the BBB and the BCSFB can regulate extremely efficiently the CNS transport of both small and large molec ...
Determination of Buprenorphine
... Drug-free urine and hair samples spiked with different concentrations of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine were used for method validation. Positive urine and hair samples were collected from patients who had just been included in a methadone program or who were hospitalized for a withdrawal treatm ...
... Drug-free urine and hair samples spiked with different concentrations of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine were used for method validation. Positive urine and hair samples were collected from patients who had just been included in a methadone program or who were hospitalized for a withdrawal treatm ...
Lethal Injection for Execution: Chemical Asphyxiation?
... that the five-dose regimen of Protocol B slightly prolonged time to death, but more importantly, they indicate that the addition of potassium chloride did not hasten death overall. In contrast to clinical use of these same drugs, jurisdictions invariably specify mass quantities for injection rather t ...
... that the five-dose regimen of Protocol B slightly prolonged time to death, but more importantly, they indicate that the addition of potassium chloride did not hasten death overall. In contrast to clinical use of these same drugs, jurisdictions invariably specify mass quantities for injection rather t ...
Exploring morphology and drug interactions in pancreatic cancer
... olamine and the anti-protozoal agent, maduramicin. A number of established chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as compounds with previously unreported activity, were examined in combination studies for possible synergistic anti-cancer effects. The automated and highly miniaturised 1536-well 3D cell cult ...
... olamine and the anti-protozoal agent, maduramicin. A number of established chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as compounds with previously unreported activity, were examined in combination studies for possible synergistic anti-cancer effects. The automated and highly miniaturised 1536-well 3D cell cult ...
Public Assessment Report Mutual Recognition Procedure DALSAN
... Therapeutic indications: treatment of depressive disorders and panic disorders with or without agarophobia. The dosage should be set individually depending on the nature and severity of the disease, as well as the patient’s condition and age. Citalopram was a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor ( ...
... Therapeutic indications: treatment of depressive disorders and panic disorders with or without agarophobia. The dosage should be set individually depending on the nature and severity of the disease, as well as the patient’s condition and age. Citalopram was a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor ( ...
IMC Analysis Pfizer`s Zoloft 1 IMC ANALYSIS
... its development of the break-through male impotence drug Viagra, which became the world's fastestselling pharmaceutical product (until overtaken by another Pfizer brand). However, despite their leadership and revenues they are facing tougher times, which have been felt starting in 2005 with the effe ...
... its development of the break-through male impotence drug Viagra, which became the world's fastestselling pharmaceutical product (until overtaken by another Pfizer brand). However, despite their leadership and revenues they are facing tougher times, which have been felt starting in 2005 with the effe ...
Purification and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Fractions from the
... charide, was essential for toxicity; but a more recent investigation of endotoxins from rough Salmonella strains led them to suggest more strongly that the lipid moiety ('lipid A') was 'the factor decisive for at least some endotoxic effects' (Liideritz & Westphal, 1966). They also believe that, wit ...
... charide, was essential for toxicity; but a more recent investigation of endotoxins from rough Salmonella strains led them to suggest more strongly that the lipid moiety ('lipid A') was 'the factor decisive for at least some endotoxic effects' (Liideritz & Westphal, 1966). They also believe that, wit ...
Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody and Related Substances using a
... Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody and Related Substances using a New Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) Column mAb therapeutics.2 Therefore it is critical to monitor oxidation to ...
... Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody and Related Substances using a New Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) Column mAb therapeutics.2 Therefore it is critical to monitor oxidation to ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.