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IV Drug Calculations
IV Drug Calculations

... There are two basic issues that we need to think about for piggyback infusions. The first is calculating drip rates for medication in milligrams (mg), e.g., lidocaine, Procainamide, and Bretylium, which are common medications used in ACLS and in the field. The second issue is calculating IV infusion ...
Metabolomics Research Core
Metabolomics Research Core

... Metabolomics involves the analysis of the low molecular weight complement of cells, tissues, or biological fluids. Metabolomics makes it feasible to uniquely profile (metabotyping) the biochemistry of an individual or system apart from or in addition to the genome. Metabolomics has come to the foref ...
Complete Drug Facts
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... LEGAL STATUS: Most amphetamines are Class B, Schedule 2 drugs. This means that, unless produced, supplied or possessed under Home Office licence, offences would be committed under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Amphetamines, like other class B drugs, are counted as Class A drugs when prepared for inj ...
Irritability (Cont`d)
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... autism spectrum disorders Common side effects: EPS and nausea/vomiting if given at too high a starting dose. Akathisia. Occasionally transient sedation or activation. Not associated with significant weight gain or prolactin elevation ...
IV and Drug Calculations for Busy Paramedics
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... There are two basic issues that we need to think about for piggyback infusions. The first is calculating drip rates for medication in milligrams (mg), e.g., lidocaine, Procainamide, and Bretylium, which are common medications used in ACLS and in the field. The second issue is calculating IV infusion ...
Matter and Measurement
Matter and Measurement

... Section 1.5 All measured quantities are inexact to some extent. The precision of a measurement indicates how closely different measurements of a quantity agree with one another. The accuracy of a measurement indicates how well a measurement agrees with the accepted or "true" value. The significant f ...
stimulants
stimulants

... CX717 have been developed but are still in clinical trials and have not yet been sold commercially. Another compound with similar effects to these drugs is carphedon, which is sold as a general stimulant in Russia under the brand name Phenotropil. ...
Parasite * Prolonged Activity - Veterinary Medicines Directorate
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... Compounds of this class may also interact with other ligand-gated chloride channels, such as those gated by the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The margin of safety for compounds of this class is attributable to the fact that mammals do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels; th ...
9th International Workshop on Clinical
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... including a one-compartment distribution model, an absorption transit compartment model and a MichaelisMenten relationship for the nonlinear concentrationdependent clearance, described exposure in all dose groups and at the two occasions (days 7 and 14). Clearance and volume of distribution were sca ...
FDA Update: FDA`s increasing expectations, Ways to address and
FDA Update: FDA`s increasing expectations, Ways to address and

... effectiveness in drugs intended to treat lifethreatening and contagious diseases, and those with irreversible morbidity (e.g., heart attack), where approved therapies already exist, on safety grounds • Articulated in 60 Fed. Reg. 29180 (Aug. 1, 1995) – Acknowledged that superiority to placebo is the ...
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... difficulties. When tartaric acid is used as the sole acid, the resulting granules readily lose their firmness and crumble. Citric acid alone results in a sticky mixture difficult to granulate. Effervescent granules are prepared by two general methods: (a) the dry or fusion method and (b) the wet met ...
Naming Compounds - Kowenscience.com
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... non-polar MOLECULES • Sometimes the bonds within a molecule are polar and yet the molecule is non-polar because its shape is symmetrical. H ...
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... Medicinal plant is defined as any substance with one or more of its organ containing properties that can be used for therapeutic purposes or which can be used as precursors for the synthesis of various drugs [1]. Plants have contributed lot of medicinal compounds being used today to treat diseases l ...
Prodrugs—from Serendipity to Rational Design
Prodrugs—from Serendipity to Rational Design

... inhibits irreversibly cyclooxygenase, the enzyme responsible for formation of the key biological mediators, prostaglandins and thromboxanes, by acetylating one hydroxyl group of serine residue (Ser 530) in the active site of the enzyme, while the parent drug, salicylic acid, is a weak reversible inh ...
Egg residue considerations during the treatment of backyard poultry
Egg residue considerations during the treatment of backyard poultry

... meat, eggs, offal (ie, internal organs of an animal that are used as food), by-products (ie, feathers), or manure to directly or indirectly enter or influence any portion of the human food chain. Legalities of Treating Backyard Hens Generally, eggs produced by the hens of backyard flocks are not sub ...
Marijuana Concentrates
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... (agitation and temperature) do not pose the same risks and can be done by almost anybody in a residence without danger. Next, there is a need for education about the high potency of marijuana concentrates. As mentioned, concentrates can contain up to 90 percent THC, whereas raw marijuana tops out at ...
So you want to be a Forensic Scientist?
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... NIJ recommends these schools require a BS in chemistry or biology to enter the program ...
Selective mutation in ATP-binding site reduces affinity of drug to the
Selective mutation in ATP-binding site reduces affinity of drug to the

... 10 kinase domains of PKC isoforms. LY333531 was used as a ligand to determine inhibitor interacting residues. Docking studies identified 14 residues which are critical for the interactions (Table S1) and these residues are also well conserved within the family (Fig. 1F). Then, we determined whether ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Human factors (HF) is the study of how people use technology. The interaction of human abilities, expectations, and limitations, with work environments and system design. The term “human factors engineering” (HFE) refers to the application of human factors principles to the design of devices and sys ...
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... linked mechanistically to altered drug handling, altered physiological reserve, and pharmacodynamic responses. Parenteral loading doses need only be adjusted for body weight as volumes of distribution are little changed, whereas oral loading doses in some ...
PCF Guidelines: Palliative sedation in the imminently dying
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... Generally given only if it is intended to reduce a patient’s level of consciousness: • start with 25mg SC stat and q1h p.r.n. (12.5mg in the elderly) • if necessary, titrate dose according to response • maintain with 50–300mg/24h CSCI Although high-dose levomepromazine (≥100mg/24h) is generally best ...
Investigation of quantum-chemical properties of paracetamol
Investigation of quantum-chemical properties of paracetamol

... Paracetamol is a widely used drug in medical practice. We have studied the quantum-chemical properties of paracetamol,which are vital for understanding of mechanisms of biological and pharmacological activity at a molecular level. The geometry optimization for paracetamol molecule was performed by P ...
Nixon,  Haqpave, Devans  23~ Doyle Attorneys
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... open the administrative record in the Over-the-Counter Drug Review of Drug Products (Docket No. 76N-0052N) to accept the enclosed materials ...
Drugs of Abuse - Americans for Safe Access
Drugs of Abuse - Americans for Safe Access

... The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) places all substances which were in some manner regulated under existing federal ...
Drugs of Abuse - Southwestern University
Drugs of Abuse - Southwestern University

... The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) places all substances which were in some manner regulated under existing federal ...
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Drug discovery



In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.
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