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Rheumatic Diseases: Cost, Impact, and
Rheumatic Diseases: Cost, Impact, and

... Due to the current shortage of specialists trained to provide rheumatology care, including pediatric rheumatologists, many patients experience long wait or travel times to see a rheumatologist. ...
HIV - Australian Doctor
HIV - Australian Doctor

... To date there is no cure for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection. However, a range of medications are available which aim to control the infection and allow the immune system to recover. These are delivered as a ‘cocktail’ of different types of antiretrovirals. Different people will be pres ...
INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA (CAMPYLOBACTER, SALMONELLA
INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA (CAMPYLOBACTER, SALMONELLA

... INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA (CAMPYLOBACTER, SALMONELLA, SHIGELLA, E. COLI) What Is It? Infectious diarrhea is caused by ingestion of bacteria such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, or E. Coli. Fire fighters may acquire the infection following contact with an infected person. How can you get it? Infect ...
Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
Vaccines and Antiviral Agents

... infections) to several months or years (HIV, HBV and HCV infections), depending on whether we are dealing with an acute (primary (i.e. influenza) or recurrent (i.e. HSV, VZV) infection or chronic, persistent (i.e. HIV, HBV, HCV) infection. For HIV infections it is still being evaluated whether long- ...
Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Vol. 2011 (2011), No. 155,... ISSN: 1072-6691. URL:  or
Electronic Journal of Differential Equations, Vol. 2011 (2011), No. 155,... ISSN: 1072-6691. URL: or

... suppression) are prone to increased risk of death and ICU admission [25, 38]. In the Canadian province of Manitoba, Aboriginals and people residing in remote and isolated communities are at increased risk of severe illness due to the pandemic H1N1 infection [40]. Like in the case of seasonal flu, th ...
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

... infection with MPV is generally exhibited as lower respiratory tract disease, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, tracheobronchitis, or upper respiratory tract illness. Common clinical symptoms include rhinorrhea, sneezing, cough, pharyngitis, bronchitis, headache, fatigue, and fever. MPV infections usually b ...
The use of animals in the study of human disease
The use of animals in the study of human disease

... Creutzfeld–Jakob disease (CJD), which occurs sporadically in the human population, with an annual incidence of about one person per million.15 Kuru was the first human TSE that was shown to be transmissible and this was achieved by injecting brain material from patients into chimpanzees. A similar a ...
Epidemic Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Survey
Epidemic Disease Detection and Forecasting: A Survey

... diseases well before they occur. With numerous cases of widespread outbreaks of epidemics being reported in densely populated areas, these methodologies can help restrict the outbreak only to a small confined area. This would ensure that a better coping mechanism is provided to study the spread of i ...
PEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS UPDATE
PEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS UPDATE

... Summary of Epidemiology of TB • Cases and case rates are on the decline • Foreign born persons account for more than 50% of U.S. cases • TB in children: – Highest risk for disease: • <5 years of age • Foreign born children – 60% of cases develop within 18 months of arrival in U.S. – Varies dependin ...
FEVER
FEVER

... • Normal body temperature = 37  C ( 98.6  F). •Rectal temperature = Oral temp. + 0.6  C (1  F). •Rectal Temperature = Axillary temp. + 1.1  C (2  F). ...
hVIVO notes the initiation of a Phase
hVIVO notes the initiation of a Phase

... Unlike other vaccines targeting specific mosquito-borne diseases, the AGS-v candidate is designed to trigger an immune response to mosquito saliva rather than to a specific virus or parasite carried by mosquitoes. The test vaccine contains four synthetic proteins from mosquito salivary glands. The p ...
Bloodborne Pathogens - PUR-O-ZONE
Bloodborne Pathogens - PUR-O-ZONE

... to prevent Hepatitis C. Newly approved drugs that fight viruses have been effective in some people who have contracted the infection. ...
Teens and HIV: A Growing Concern
Teens and HIV: A Growing Concern

... felt healthy. Plus, he had been an honor student at his Detroit high school. When Martinez tried to enlist in the Air Force at age 18, however, he learned that he was HIV-positive. HIV is human immunodeficiency virus. Infection with HIV leads to AIDS, which is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. If ...
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE COLLECTION AND REFERRAL OF SPECIMENS
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE COLLECTION AND REFERRAL OF SPECIMENS

... international organizations in response to an outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa, which was first reported in late March 2014. For the latest information on the outbreak, please see the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa highlights on the CDC website. EVD is one of several known vi ...
Intro to Epidemiology
Intro to Epidemiology

Infectious disease risks from dead bodies following natural disasters
Infectious disease risks from dead bodies following natural disasters

... Historically, epidemics resulting in mass casualties have only occurred from a few diseases, including plague, cholera, typhoid, tuberculosis, anthrax, and smallpox (2). As previously noted, such infections are no more likely to be present in disaster victims than in the general population. Furtherm ...
Association of Tonate Virus (Subtype IIIB of the Venezuelan Equine
Association of Tonate Virus (Subtype IIIB of the Venezuelan Equine

... Although Tonate virus was first isolated 125 years ago, very little is known about its virulence. This first reported fatal case of encephalitis due to Tonate virus demonstrates that this virus may be neurovirulent and that it should not be considered, as it used to be [3], as being responsible for ...
What do you know about SARS
What do you know about SARS

... can still contract SARS. ...
Health and medicine
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... characterized by a pustular eruption that often leaves permanent pits or scars: eradicated ...
Zika can infect adult brain cells, not just fetal cells, study suggests By
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... adult neurons are believed to be resistant to Zika, which could explain why adults seem less at risk from the virus's most devastating effects. But some neural progenitor cells remain in adults, where they replenish the brain's neurons over the course of a lifetime. These pockets of stem cells ar ...
One Health: It`s a Small World Health After All
One Health: It`s a Small World Health After All

... • Prepatent period 9 weeks • Eggs take >11 day to reach infectious stage and can persist in the environment for > 6 yrs • Intermediate hosts such as rodents, lagomorphs and some birds can be infectious if ingested by raccoons ...
tackling emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
tackling emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases

... §  Brief history §  First isolated in Zika forest in 1947 with limited human infections in Africa and SE Asia through 2006 §  Emerged in Micronesia in 2007, and French Polynesia in 2008 §  Current outbreak began in Brazil in 2015 §  Currently found in over 60 countries and territories worldwide §  W ...
Preface - South Carolina Hospital Association
Preface - South Carolina Hospital Association

... HR.01.01 - Review existing policies to see if they address: vaccination of HCWs (to include contract staff), attendance, cross-training, changes to job descriptions, reassignments, and staff availability for those designated as essential personnel. HR.01.02 - Review conditions that are not normally ...
Viruses of Humans
Viruses of Humans

... regarded it as a modification of smallpox. ...
Herpes Viruses - Infectious Diseases
Herpes Viruses - Infectious Diseases

... A)To stop the epidemic spread of genital herpes. HSV is quickly and silently spreading at varying rates across Canada and not just in the high risk populations B)To permit high risk groups to be able to protect themselves better. HSV has been shown to increase the chance of acquiring HIV by two to t ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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