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Bacterial diseases of finfish - Department of Agriculture and Water
Bacterial diseases of finfish - Department of Agriculture and Water

... tshawytscha) infected with R. salmoninarum. Most of the small, rod-shaped R. salmoninarum are visible within the cytoplasm of macrophages. Note that the bacteria are purple-blue in this Giemsa-stained preparation, in contrast to the black ...
Revised: December 2010 AN: 01349/2010 SUMMARY OF
Revised: December 2010 AN: 01349/2010 SUMMARY OF

... Active immunisation of cats to reduce mortality and clinical signs of disease caused by feline enteritis (panleucopaenia) virus, to reduce clinical signs of disease caused by feline rhinotracheitis virus and to prevent clinical signs of disease and reduce infection caused by feline calicivirus. Onse ...
True or False statements. MARK T for true or F for
True or False statements. MARK T for true or F for

... 34. _____ AIDS can be transmitted by: a. vaginal, oral, anal intercourse b. sharing needles c. infected mother’s milk d. all of the above 35. _____ Universal infection control precautions include: a. barrier protection b. personal hygiene c. sterilization and disinfection d. all of the above 36. __ ...
BEIJING CONSENSUS[CONCLUSION OF BEIJING SYMPOSIUM]
BEIJING CONSENSUS[CONCLUSION OF BEIJING SYMPOSIUM]

... Action Plan on SARS, Health Security Initiative, APEC Initiative on Fighting against HIV/AIDS, and Leaders’ Initiative on Preparing for and Mitigating an Influenza Pandemic. Additionally, APEC is committed to working cooperatively with other relevant multi-lateral and international organizations. In ...
Measles with a possible 23 day incubation period
Measles with a possible 23 day incubation period

... Regional Office of the World Health Organization). Comparison of N and H gene sequences of the case strain and strains from New South Wales (N and H sequences) and the Philippines (N gene only) were consistent with importation from the Philippines. As sequencing of MV genes other than N and H become ...
Infectious disease dynamics: what characterizes a successful invader?
Infectious disease dynamics: what characterizes a successful invader?

... others' (M. L. Cohen 2000)ömade their appearance in humans. But arguably more important is the question of how HIV has established itself and developed as an epidemic within human populations, at di¡erent speeds in di¡erent places. ...
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H1N1 Guidelines in Power Point Show (PPS format)

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Jenkin_TB_PBL

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One health: the importance of companion animal vector
One health: the importance of companion animal vector

... available in Brazil and should form an important part of the control strategy. Data have already been published that show that where vaccination is widely practiced, the prevalence of both canine and human infection decreases due to reduced transmission of the organism [14]. A major concern is the e ...
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H1N1_Compliance Directive Webinar

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Released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America

... - the attached tick can be reliably identified as an Ixodes scapularis tick that is estimated to have been attached for 36 hours or longer; - preventive treatment can be started within 72 hours of the time the tick was removed; - ecologic information indicates that the local rate of infection of the ...
Notifiable animal diseases in NSW
Notifiable animal diseases in NSW

... preventing disease spread to animals and possibly to humans. ...
Phase 0, Level 3: Pandemic Alert
Phase 0, Level 3: Pandemic Alert

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Effect of lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (Lasota) on low
Effect of lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (Lasota) on low

... Lasota and B1 are the most commonly used strains of NDV which are used in live and killed lNDV vaccines for the prevention of vNDV outbreaks in developed and developing countries [1]. Similarly, LPAIVs produce very mild respiratory infections in SPF experimental chickens but co-infections with other ...
CueFinal_BWC_2014 IntlEpidemicLecture
CueFinal_BWC_2014 IntlEpidemicLecture

... • The more antibiotics are used, the more chances bacteria have to become resistant to them. • Major causes of antibiotic resistance include using antibiotics when they are not needed • not taking antibiotics at the doses and times that a doctor prescribes — this allows time for the bacteria in your ...
Health transition and emerging cardiovascular diseases in
Health transition and emerging cardiovascular diseases in

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Bali fact sheet

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Development of Dot – Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for

... old specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs by chorioallantoic membrane route (CAM) and in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cultures obtained from SPF eggs. The virus material has produced characteristic lesions in embryos by 3 to 5 days and the harvest was further adapted to CEF cultur ...
Laboratory Diagnostics, Specimen Collection, and Biosafety
Laboratory Diagnostics, Specimen Collection, and Biosafety

Chapter 22
Chapter 22

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Legislation for control of Equine Diseases in UK
Legislation for control of Equine Diseases in UK

... conditions applicable for equine trade and movement within the EU and the health conditions applicable for the import of equines from third countries. Under this Directive, equines may only move between Member States if they come from premises which have not been restricted on account of a number of ...
Pathogenesis of infection
Pathogenesis of infection

... apparently healthy individual, it is clearly aggressively pathogenic. If it is normally incapable of causing disease but can do so only when the human body is compromised in some way, it is said to be opportunist. Opportunist infections are of particular importance in hospital patients and in people ...
Incidence functions and population thresholds
Incidence functions and population thresholds

... R0 has been the central concept in epidemic dynamics since ~1980, thanks largely to the work of Anderson & May. (see the history of R0 by Heesterbeek 2002, Acta Biotheoretica) ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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