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STI Overview - HIVAIDSUkraine
STI Overview - HIVAIDSUkraine

... - hand, mouth, or genital contacts with an infected person.  Infection may be spread through sharing drug injection needles with an infected person.  All pathogens prefer dark, moist, warm mucous membranes, especially those covering the linings of reproductive organs.  Some pathogens are suscepti ...
Tuberculosis: Commentary on a Reemergent Killer
Tuberculosis: Commentary on a Reemergent Killer

... 1969, the U.S. Surgeon General testified to Congress that it was time to "close the book on infectious diseases" (l). In fact, infectious diseases have not been eradicated but remain the largest cause of death in the world today, greater than cardiovascular disease or cancer (2). The World Health Or ...
褪黑激素抗埃博拉病毒感染的可行性:基因本体研究
褪黑激素抗埃博拉病毒感染的可行性:基因本体研究

... Dear Editor, the effective treatment of the present outbreak Ebola virus is the big challenge for the medical society. Several new therapeutic options are ongoing research. The development of new antiviral and vaccine is the hope for successful management of the infection. However, there are also ot ...
VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA
VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA

... serologically identifying the causative virus in an appropriate cell culture system (Jorgensen 1974). The VHS virus is similar to the agent of IHN in that it can be isolated only from fish during an active epizootic or from ovarian fluid from adult carriers at the time of spawning or shortly thereaf ...
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases - Jobs
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases - Jobs

... Research in the Immunology Unit centres on analysis of the host response to infection at the molecular, cellular and population levels. The goals are to develop a greater understanding of basic mechanisms of immunological protection versus pathology, and to apply this knowledge to the development of ...
Virus Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry
Virus Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry

... economically devastating. The outcome of these infections is determined by a variety of interacting factors not least of which are age and immune status of affected birds, and virulence of the involved virus(es). In field situations, these infections almost always are complicated by other infectious ...
Disease challenges facing the livestock industry in - IFAH
Disease challenges facing the livestock industry in - IFAH

... Picornaviridae, Aphtovirus (A, O, C, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, Asia1 strains) Distribution: endemic in Middle East (Turkey), Africa, India, Southeast Asia, free areas: Australia, NZ, Indonesia, Central and North America, Western Europe (2001 UK, 2013 Bulgaria) Susceptible species: all cloven-hoofed animals ...
Hand, foot and mouth disease in an immunocompetent adult
Hand, foot and mouth disease in an immunocompetent adult

... Hand, foot and mouth disease usually affects children Most of the time patients just undergo less than 10 years old and ensues in summer from June to October.1,2 Prodromal features can include symptomatic treatment as the disease is self-limiting. fever, myalgia, and the abdominal pain. Erythemato ...
Long-Term Care and Retirement Home Infection Control News
Long-Term Care and Retirement Home Infection Control News

... Professor, Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto Dr. McGeer trained in internal medicine and infectious diseases at the University of Toronto, then completed a fellowship in hospital epidemiology at Yale New Haven Hospital in 1989/90. She is currently ...
Ringworm (tinea) - National Health Care for the Homeless Council
Ringworm (tinea) - National Health Care for the Homeless Council

... Pregnant women who don’t know if they’ve had chicken pox should avoid any contact with an infected person. If they’ve had contact, they should inform their OB immediately. Same for those with impaired immune systems (eg., HIV). ...
Health in Shelters - National Health Care for the Homeless Council
Health in Shelters - National Health Care for the Homeless Council

... Ø Caused by viruses, bacteria, hepatitis A, parasites, food poisoning. Ø Generally very contagious, often by poor handwashing after using the bathroom or when handling soiled clothing or diapers. Ø Does not require exclusion, but extra carefulness with handwashing and hygiene. During an outbreak ...
Bulletin on Sexually Transmitted Infections
Bulletin on Sexually Transmitted Infections

... 1st Stage (ca. 3 Weeks after the Infection) A knot or painless sore develops at the entry point of the pathogen. These signs of the disease will disappear after some time without treatment even through the disease is progressing and can severely compromise one’s health. 2nd Stage (ca. 8 Weeks to 2 ...
Resurgence of Schmallenberg virus in Belgium after 3 - ORBi
Resurgence of Schmallenberg virus in Belgium after 3 - ORBi

... lesions are not specific to SBV infection, or (ii) the virus was no longer present in the foetus ...
CHAPTER 7 COMMUNICABLE DISEASE Article 1: Definitions
CHAPTER 7 COMMUNICABLE DISEASE Article 1: Definitions

... Sec. 7-111 “Outbreak” means cases of disease occurring in a community, region, or particular population at a rate clearly in excess of that which is normally expected. Sec. 7-112 “Quarantine” means the restriction of the activities or confinement of well persons or animals who have, or may have been ...
Hepatomagaly in children - Prof. Dr. Cengiz Canpolat
Hepatomagaly in children - Prof. Dr. Cengiz Canpolat

... • Metabolizing many medications, such as barbiturates, sedatives, and amphetamines • Storing iron, copper, vitamins A and D, and several of the B vitamins • Making important proteins like albumin that regulate fluid transport in the blood and kidneys • Helping break down and recycle red blood cells ...
Recreational Activities and Risk of Mosquito Borne Diseases
Recreational Activities and Risk of Mosquito Borne Diseases

... have contact with eyes or mouth. Never use repellents on wounds or irritated skin. Wash repellent-treated skin after coming indoors. This year, some areas of Massachusetts are considered to have a high risk for human infection with mosquito-borne disease. Contact your local board of health concernin ...
Antimicrobial Resistance and Aging: Beginning of the End of the
Antimicrobial Resistance and Aging: Beginning of the End of the

... in the United States.9 The skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents are generally very old (mean age 80–85) and frail, often cognitively impaired, physically dependent, and highly vulnerable to infections. Moreover, the setting of an SNF is favorable for regular exposure to microorganisms because of ...
Salmonella Lecture
Salmonella Lecture

...  Many species of salmonella can cause this (eg. S. typhimurium) except S. typhi ...
PCS Bloodborne Training
PCS Bloodborne Training

...  The HIV virus will not survive long outside of the human body. HIV particles are reduced by 90-99% within several hours upon drying.  Employees providing first aid or medical care involving fresh blood are at-risk.  Transmission may occur through accidental needle-sticks, sexual contact, open cu ...
Nanomedicine and infectious diseases
Nanomedicine and infectious diseases

... signalling pathways [9] . They identified a DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and they have demonstrated novel antimicrobial activities of this DNA-PK that play a role in host defence against virus infection. Pierre Talbot (INRS, Université D’avant-garde, QC, Canada) presented work on emerging c ...
What do you think is the leading cause of death among
What do you think is the leading cause of death among

... there are also some factors that can contribute. However, we do have not ...
Research Training - Jobs at LSHTM
Research Training - Jobs at LSHTM

... excellence in public and global health research, education and translation of knowledge into policy and practice. Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases The Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases encompasses all of the laboratory-based research in the School as well as that on the clinical ...
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease

... Canine influenza virus emerged in the United States from Florida as a result of a mutation of equine influenza virus H3N8, and has spread to dog populations across the United States. The infection has also been identified in England and Australia, although dog-to-dog transmission in those countries ...
The difference between Incidence and Prevalence
The difference between Incidence and Prevalence

... occurring Queensland, in Australia, had an incidence of 2.8/100,000 in one year (Ward et al 2000). Because incidence is expressed as a rate, it does not matter that the population of Queensland, at about 3.5 million people, is ...
sequential hematological study of experimental infectious bursal
sequential hematological study of experimental infectious bursal

... value of 27.7 x 103/µl to 17.33 x 103/µl (p < 0.05) at 24 h pi (Figure 1). It subsequently increased above the preinfection level and peaked at 120 h pi with a value of 66.83 x 103/µl (p < 0.05), followed by 50.5 x 103/µl at 144 h pi. In poults, there was a general decrease in leukocyte counts from ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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