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View/Download in RTF Format - The International Society of Travel
View/Download in RTF Format - The International Society of Travel

... The ISTM Body of Knowledge for the Practice of Travel Medicine, revised 2012 Introduction The field of travel medicine has grown dramatically as greater numbers of people travel to exotic and remote destinations. Almost a billion travelers cross international borders annually. However, studies sugge ...
Urbanisation, climate change, and leptospirosis: environmental
Urbanisation, climate change, and leptospirosis: environmental

... animals, and the environment. Severe flooding has recently emerged as a major driver of epidemics around the world (Easton 1999; Ko et al. 1999; Maskey et al. 2006; Pappachan, Sheela & Aravindan 2004; Vanasco et al. 2008). Apart from displacing people from their homes and increasing their environmen ...
Nororvirus Fact Sheet
Nororvirus Fact Sheet

... Norovirus is a highly contagious infection also known as Norwalk virus. It is a common cause of vomiting and diarrhea each winter and is often referred to as 'winter vomiting disease' or 'stomach flu' (although it is not caused by the influenza virus). Norovirus infections have been linked to outbre ...
the mathematics of infectious diseases
the mathematics of infectious diseases

... The first major epidemic which we can find in the records of historians and scholars is the Plague of Athens (430 - 428 BC). The most precise description is provided by the first scientific historian - Thucydides (460 - 400 BC) - including the symptoms, disease progression and numbers of deaths. Hip ...
KOZLENKO T
KOZLENKO T

... serologic reactions. Analysis of main research and publications where a solution of the problem is initiated. Many foreign researchers show virus resistance to ether, chloroform, pH 4.0, as well as to heat. Inactivation of the virus occurs at 50 °C for 30 min. At 60 °C – 10 min. (in this case, the i ...
management of chickenpox (varicella)
management of chickenpox (varicella)

... severe complications. If a woman catches chickenpox shortly before or after giving birth, their newborn may develop severe infections. If a pregnant woman that has not had chickenpox believes they have been exposed to VZV, it is recommended they contact their physician as soon as possible. The physi ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (JDMS)

... hospital,Mahatma Gandhi Medical College,Kamothe,Navi Mumbai with the chief compliant of nasal mass in bilateral nostrils, progressive nasal obstruction and impaired sense of smell since the past 2 years.She also noticed nodular lesions over the palate causing difficulty in eating and swallowing sinc ...
Infections
Infections

... useful in the LTCF. Lindsay highlights the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of fever in nursing home patients, and discusses typical and atypical febrile responses and their infectious and noninfectious sources. Also included is the Practice Guideline for Evaluation of Fever and Infection in LTC ...
NHQI Overview
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... useful in the LTCF. Lindsay highlights the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of fever in nursing home patients, and discusses typical and atypical febrile responses and their infectious and noninfectious sources. Also included is the Practice Guideline for Evaluation of Fever and Infection in LTC ...
Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Standard Operating
Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Standard Operating

... equipment or items in the care environment that could have become contaminated. ...
PHS 801 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
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... • Application of epidemiological methods to study infectious diseases • How epidemiologic characteristics of infectious diseases are utilized to prevent and control their spread. • Causes and distribution of current epidemics including newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases. • Impact of i ...
Protozoans
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... a) Starts with a mature cyst that is ingested & travels to small intestine b) Traveling into small intestine there is transformation back into trophozites that multiply & are excreted in the small intestine c) Main stages of trophozites are diagnosed either in stool as mature cysts or as trophozites ...
Genotype Analysis of Measles Viruses, 2002
Genotype Analysis of Measles Viruses, 2002

... shaken thoroughly, and placed under 37℃, in 5% CO2 culture box for one hour, added DMEM culture medium containing 2% FBS and 1x antibiotics (maintenance medium), placed under 37℃, 5% CO2 culture box. They were observed every day for cytopathic effects (CPE). B95a cells grew fast; if no CPE was seen ...
Foreign Born - UNT Digital Library
Foreign Born - UNT Digital Library

... Foreign-born patients were significantly more likely than were US-born patients to be Hispanic or Asian and have traveled outside of the United States in the last 6 months preceding the onset of tuberculosis. Foreign-born patients were significantly less likely that US-born patients to smoke, to use ...
HIV - MULTIWEBCAST
HIV - MULTIWEBCAST

... • Patients treated with blood products can be exposed to blood-borne pathogens • PWH historically have been affected by blood-borne viruses • HCV and HIV are susceptible to viral inactivation steps used to produce factor concentrates • Improvements in blood donor screening and viral safety measures ...
Becoming Oldest-Old: Evidence from Historical US Data
Becoming Oldest-Old: Evidence from Historical US Data

... differences in infant mortality rates by income • Chapin (1924): large different mortality rates those with taxable property and those without • SES little effect on mortality: Steckel (1988), Preston and Haines (1991) • SES effect on mortality by cause: Ferrie (2003) • SES effects increased with kn ...
DRAFT Dynamic Transmission Modeling
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... intervention impacts disease transmission (1, 2). A static model is acceptable if eligible target groups for intervention ...
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS)
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS)

... spinal cord. As ALS advances, the brain loses its ability to control the muscles in the body. This affects the muscles involved with voluntary movement (such as walking and mobility) as well as muscles utilized for respiration and swallowing. ALS generally occurs between 40 and 70 years of age, howe ...
Outbreak Investigation and Control
Outbreak Investigation and Control

Chapter 8: Infectious Disease
Chapter 8: Infectious Disease

... years. These infections are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Individuals are often unaware that they are infected as many STI’s have mild or delayed symptoms, but left untreated they can lead to infertility, chronic pain, and even death. Infection during pregnancy can result ...
bloodborne_path - Multi-County Counseling, Inc.
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... AIDS, or acquired immune deficiency syndrome, is caused by a virus called the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. Once a person has been infected with HIV, it may be many years before AIDS actually develops. HIV attacks the body's immune system, weakening it so that it cannot fight other deadly di ...
Management Guidelines for Short Febrile Illness including ILI
Management Guidelines for Short Febrile Illness including ILI

... and exhaustion due to lack of food/ fluids, often enforced by care givers at home, or due to ignorance about the vital role of supportive care in any viral fever. • Not taking adequate rest in a viral illness often is a cause of significant morbidity, and even mortality. Likewise, any patient with a ...
Key Recommendations on Pandemic (H1N1) 2009
Key Recommendations on Pandemic (H1N1) 2009

... ‘influenza-like illness’ circulated to Emergency Departments ...
Simultaneous detection of vaccinal and field infectious bursal
Simultaneous detection of vaccinal and field infectious bursal

... These viruses do not cause an inflammatory reaction in the bursa during infection but severe atrophy of the bursa and immune suppression are observed. Serotype 2 viruses found in turkeys are not pathogenic for chickens or turkeys (Lasher and Shane, 1994). Vaccination and good farm management are the ...
Pathology Kikuchi`s Disease
Pathology Kikuchi`s Disease

... Kikuchi’s disease also referred to as Kikuchi­Fujimoto disease and Kikuchi’s histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare and benign condition that has been mainly described in women younger than 40 years of age. It has been described in all ethnic groups. Although it mainly affects woman, it has ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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