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2006-2010 Communicable Disease in Peel
2006-2010 Communicable Disease in Peel

... Over the course of the last half-century, once-familiar diseases have become increasingly less common. This is due mainly to the success of public health measures such as vaccination. With new infectious diseases emerging and ‘older’ diseases resurfacing, vigilance is important. As Ontario’s second ...
Tuberculosis: Treatment-related Problems and Future Facets
Tuberculosis: Treatment-related Problems and Future Facets

... tuberculosis (TB), is the major cause of mortalities caused by infection worldwide and roughly two million people die annually because of infection with Mtb (one person dies every 10 seconds). The world health organization (WHO) has estimated that one-third of the world’s population is infected with ...
Infectious Diseases Policy - Girraween Activities Centre
Infectious Diseases Policy - Girraween Activities Centre

...  Parents or emergency contact of all children in care will be informed about the occurrence of an infectious disease in the ...
Checklist for Healthcare coalitions for Ebola Preparedness
Checklist for Healthcare coalitions for Ebola Preparedness

... Healthcare coalitions should encourage their members to review infection control policies and procedures, and suggest that their members incorporate plans for administrative, environmental, and communication measures. Healthcare coalitions should also define, along with their members, work practices ...
Infectious Mononucleosis.
Infectious Mononucleosis.

... • In developing countries -80-100% of children becoming infected by 3-6 yrs of age -clinically silent or mild disease. • In developed countries -occurs later in life, 10-30 years of age -induce clinically mononucleosis syndrome (U.S.college students : 50-75% associated with primary EBV infection) ...
Disease risks posed by poorly fermented silages
Disease risks posed by poorly fermented silages

... feeds including silage. Dairy cattle that ingest feed or water contaminated with feces from animals shedding the organism can result in infection. Clinical disease often presents as an acute fever progressing into severe watery, foul-smelling diarrhea possibly containing blood. Affected animals are ...
Cat Health: Vaccinations
Cat Health: Vaccinations

... absolute protection against a disease. Sometimes, they only reduce the severity of symptoms if a cat becomes infected. It is best to consult with your cat’s veterinarian to come up with the best vaccination schedule for your feline companions. There are no viable alternatives to vaccines. What Are V ...
Canine Respiratory Disease Complex
Canine Respiratory Disease Complex

... discharge (rhinitis and sinusitis), and sometimes lower respiratory and/or systemic disease (fever) Canine Bordetella: dry hacking cough, watery nasal discharge, sneezing. In severe cases- dogs can have fevers, lethargy, breathing difficulties and anorexia. Canine Influenza: coughing, nasal discharg ...
Hendra virus - NSW Department of Primary Industries
Hendra virus - NSW Department of Primary Industries

... Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is based on knowledge and understanding at the time of writing (June 2014). However, because of advances in knowledge, users are reminded of the need to ensure that information upon which they rely is up to date and to check currency of the i ...
Toxoplasmapdf - East Padden Animal Hospital
Toxoplasmapdf - East Padden Animal Hospital

... is probably due to eating undercooked infected meat, particularly lamb and pork. People also become infected by eating unwashed fruits and vegetables. The organism can sometimes be present in some unpasteurized dairy products, such as goat’s milk. Toxoplasma gondii can also be transmitted directly f ...
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Interim Sample Collection and Submission Guide
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Interim Sample Collection and Submission Guide

... and prior to the onset of symptoms. Person-to-person transmission can occur, primarily through direct contact with blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions of someone who is sick, or through indirect contact with material contaminated with these substances. Ebola virus is not an airborne pathog ...
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Natural Disaster
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Natural Disaster

... associated with increased virulence have spread across Southeast Asia and elsewhere3. There are four serologically distinct strains of the dengue virus, referred to as dengue-1, -2, -3, and -4; all four are endemic in Indonesia, including West Sumatra. All four have similar characteristics and are c ...
Gianotti Crosti Syndrome: What does it mean for a
Gianotti Crosti Syndrome: What does it mean for a

... patients [5]. In the pediatric population, GCS affects males and females with equal frequency unlike adults where it affects almost exclusively female, with five documented cases affecting men [5,6]. The disease is an eruption consisting of monomorphic red-brown to pink papules and vesicles distribu ...
Entitlement Eligibility Guidelines
Entitlement Eligibility Guidelines

... abdominal pain, arthralgia, myalgia, or diarrhoea. The classical Malaria paroxysm with fever spikes, chills and rigours occurring at regular intervals are rare. Many clinical abnormalities have been described in acute Malaria. Most uncomplicated infections have few abnormal findings other than mild ...
Vaccine-preventable Diseases in Colorado`s Children, 2014
Vaccine-preventable Diseases in Colorado`s Children, 2014

... prolonged coughing illness - for good reason it is called the “hundred day cough”. Pertussis is often transmitted from older children or adults to infants who are at the greatest risk. In infants (who depend on older children and adults around them for protection from exposure to pertussis), it can ...
Dementias and Neurological Diseases
Dementias and Neurological Diseases

...  Indirect costs – 80.6%, or $9.241 billion, accounts for indirect expenses such as productivity loss due to inability to work; limitation in the amount or type of work; and premature mortality  Direct medical costs – 10.2%, or $1.175 billion, includes physician visits, prescription medications, in ...
this PDF file
this PDF file

... infected with plague. Outbreaks in people still occur in rural communities or in cities. They are usually associated with infected rats and rat fleas that live in the home. In the United States, the last urban plague epidemic occurred in Los Angeles in 1924-25. Since then, human plague in the United ...
Kidney Failure and Cardiovascular Disease
Kidney Failure and Cardiovascular Disease

... disease across the spectrum of renal disease.1 Chronic kidney disease is present in far more people than is commonly recognized, including those over 60 years of age with serum creatinine values over 1.2 mg/dL.2 Moreover, the presence of chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for the d ...
Review on Ebola Virus Disease: Its Outbreak and
Review on Ebola Virus Disease: Its Outbreak and

... Ebola virus disease (EVD) were verified, mostly caused by Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV) in Equatorial Africa. Most outbreaks have been small, but the virus captured the attention of the world due to death rates that can be as high as 90% as well as the visceral manner in which it kills [1- 3]. In March ...
Biosafety in Research Laboratories Refresher Training Post-Test
Biosafety in Research Laboratories Refresher Training Post-Test

... PI/Supervisor: ...
Update on bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Update on bovine spongiform encephalopathy

... TSE's is an incompletely characterized infectious agent known as an unconventional virus or prion. BSE Epidemic ...
Pregnancy and Lyme disease
Pregnancy and Lyme disease

... IgM antibodies to B. burgdorferi are present within 2-4 weeks after the tick bite. IgG antibodies appear after 6-8 weeks but unlike the IgM antibodies, the IgG antibodies remain elevated indefinitely.7 It is important to note that although these tests may indicate the presence of antibodies to this ...
Lyme Disease - BC Centre for Disease Control
Lyme Disease - BC Centre for Disease Control

... practice guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2. Other symptoms that are, or have been suggested to be, associated with Lyme disease (including those of socalled “chronic” Lyme disease and post Lyme disease syndromes) are considered too non-specific to define cases for surveillan ...
Understanding Microbes in Sickness and in Health
Understanding Microbes in Sickness and in Health

... A healthy person can carry germs and pass them to others The story of “Typhoid Mary” is a famous example from medical history about how a person can pass germs to others, yet not be affected by those germs. The germs in this case were Salmonella typhi bacteria, which cause typhoid fever and are usua ...
Selection of rainbow trout resistant to viral haemorrhagic
Selection of rainbow trout resistant to viral haemorrhagic

... and could be used again in December 1984 for the fertilization of the ova of 6 other females from the Neuville strain. At the age of 4.5 months, groups of 100 fish were formed and infected. The mortality ranged from 42 to 96% (table I, 1985a). No mortality was observed in the non-infected controls a ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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