LEP 2.1.01 Measuring the velocity of light
... 1. First of all, the mirror is placed as close to the operating unit as possible (zero point on the scale). A Lissajous figure appears on the oscilloscope (XY-operation) and is transformed into a straight line using the ‘phase’ knob on the operating unit. The mirror is then slid along the graduated ...
... 1. First of all, the mirror is placed as close to the operating unit as possible (zero point on the scale). A Lissajous figure appears on the oscilloscope (XY-operation) and is transformed into a straight line using the ‘phase’ knob on the operating unit. The mirror is then slid along the graduated ...
Relativity1
... thrown forward, we would measure a different velocity for the light depending on whether we were in the car or on the sidewalk. Also, Maxwell’s Equations would have to be modified to account for a velocity different than c for all reference frames other than the one it apparently describes (does it ...
... thrown forward, we would measure a different velocity for the light depending on whether we were in the car or on the sidewalk. Also, Maxwell’s Equations would have to be modified to account for a velocity different than c for all reference frames other than the one it apparently describes (does it ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI
... 4. Two electromagnetic waves of amplitudes ‘a’ and ‘2a’ constructively interfere with each other. What is the Intensity of the resultant wave produced? 5. How is a grating made? 6. What is a zone plate? In what way it is different from a convex lens? 7. For a wavelength 540 nm, if the difference bet ...
... 4. Two electromagnetic waves of amplitudes ‘a’ and ‘2a’ constructively interfere with each other. What is the Intensity of the resultant wave produced? 5. How is a grating made? 6. What is a zone plate? In what way it is different from a convex lens? 7. For a wavelength 540 nm, if the difference bet ...
The world through a spinning window
... an angle given by β = v/c. Our initial approach to measuring this effect was to rotate a 20cm glass bar at approximately 200Hz using a geared system built on a washing machine motor. The predicted value for the image rotation is on the order of a few microradians. The noise in the current system, ho ...
... an angle given by β = v/c. Our initial approach to measuring this effect was to rotate a 20cm glass bar at approximately 200Hz using a geared system built on a washing machine motor. The predicted value for the image rotation is on the order of a few microradians. The noise in the current system, ho ...
Measuring Zeta Potential – Laser Doppler Electrophoresis
... This is done in practice using a pair of mutually coherent laser beams derived from a single source and following similar path lengths. One of ...
... This is done in practice using a pair of mutually coherent laser beams derived from a single source and following similar path lengths. One of ...
Numberical Problem
... Theory of Relativity Length contraction Q.1: a rod of 1 m length is mooving along its length with a velocity of 0.6c .calculate its length as it appears on the earth & also observed by an observer moving with the rod? Q.2: how fast could a rocket have to go related to an observer for its length to b ...
... Theory of Relativity Length contraction Q.1: a rod of 1 m length is mooving along its length with a velocity of 0.6c .calculate its length as it appears on the earth & also observed by an observer moving with the rod? Q.2: how fast could a rocket have to go related to an observer for its length to b ...
Title: Real Fringes in the Michelson Interferometer
... of fringes is important to understand since they may be used to measure wavelength, very fine measurements, and the study of spectral lines. Although virtual fringes are used for most measurements, it is important to understand when real fringes are obtained in order since the calculations do change ...
... of fringes is important to understand since they may be used to measure wavelength, very fine measurements, and the study of spectral lines. Although virtual fringes are used for most measurements, it is important to understand when real fringes are obtained in order since the calculations do change ...
Pyroelectric and ferroelectric semiconductors
... Possible applications include: optical phase sensors, real-time, non-contact altitude determination, vibrometry, non-destructive testing with pulsed laser acoustics, biomedical acousto-photonic imaging, optical communication, and optical data storage (DoD). This work is supported through the DoD and ...
... Possible applications include: optical phase sensors, real-time, non-contact altitude determination, vibrometry, non-destructive testing with pulsed laser acoustics, biomedical acousto-photonic imaging, optical communication, and optical data storage (DoD). This work is supported through the DoD and ...
The Michelson Interferometer
... beam is properly retro-reflected. Initially, you will see two bright spots on the screen. Adjust the angle of the fixed mirror until these two spots overlap. You can use lenses to expand the beam if necessary. Note, take care when moving M2 as the interference is very sensitive to its alignment. As ...
... beam is properly retro-reflected. Initially, you will see two bright spots on the screen. Adjust the angle of the fixed mirror until these two spots overlap. You can use lenses to expand the beam if necessary. Note, take care when moving M2 as the interference is very sensitive to its alignment. As ...
The Michelson Interferometer
... In the following experiments, you will calibrate the movement of M1 with the HeNe laser and use the interferometer to accurately measure the wavelengths of the fine structure doublet of the sodium D line, a consequence of the spin of the electron. ...
... In the following experiments, you will calibrate the movement of M1 with the HeNe laser and use the interferometer to accurately measure the wavelengths of the fine structure doublet of the sodium D line, a consequence of the spin of the electron. ...
The Michelson Interferometer
... beam is properly retro-reflected. Initially, you will see two bright spots on the screen. Adjust the angle of the fixed mirror until these two spots overlap. You can use lenses to expand the beam if necessary. Note, take care when moving M2 as the interference is very sensitive to its alignment. As ...
... beam is properly retro-reflected. Initially, you will see two bright spots on the screen. Adjust the angle of the fixed mirror until these two spots overlap. You can use lenses to expand the beam if necessary. Note, take care when moving M2 as the interference is very sensitive to its alignment. As ...
Sagnac effect
The Sagnac effect (also called Sagnac interference), named after French physicist Georges Sagnac, is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is elicited by rotation. The Sagnac effect manifests itself in a setup called a ring interferometer. A beam of light is split and the two beams are made to follow the same path but in opposite directions. To act as a ring the trajectory must enclose an area. On return to the point of entry the two light beams are allowed to exit the ring and undergo interference. The relative phases of the two exiting beams, and thus the position of the interference fringes, are shifted according to the angular velocity of the apparatus. This arrangement is also called a Sagnac interferometer.A gimbal mounted mechanical gyroscope remains pointing in the same direction after spinning up, and thus can be used as a rotational reference for an inertial navigation system. With the development of so-called laser gyroscopes and fiber optic gyroscopes based on the Sagnac effect, the bulky mechanical gyroscope is replaced by one having no moving parts in many modern inertial navigation systems.The principles behind the two devices are different, however. A conventional gyroscope relies on the principle of conservation of angular momentum whereas the sensitivity of the ring interferometer to rotation arises from the invariance of the speed of light for all inertial frames of reference.