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Math 120 – Introduction to Statistics – Mr. Toner`s
Math 120 – Introduction to Statistics – Mr. Toner`s

... when the data are listed in numerical order. If n is odd, the median is the middle data value. If n is even, the median is the mean (average) of the two middle data values. D. The midrange of a data set is found by calculating the mean of the maximum and minimum values of the data set: ...
Sample Exam #1
Sample Exam #1

... 2. b. c is wrong because it might be t*, not z*. d is wrong because  might not be known. 3. b. c is wrong because there is not just one value for beta, among other things. d has nothing to do with the problem, and e is wrong. 4. b. Raising the confidence level would widen the interval. Increasing t ...
Methods for a Single Numeric Variable – Hypothesis Testing We`ve
Methods for a Single Numeric Variable – Hypothesis Testing We`ve

standard deviations and standard errors
standard deviations and standard errors

day3-E2005
day3-E2005

... Why ”change the data to fit the method”? – instead of ”change the method to fit the data”? For simple problems a simple solution is OK: Use sample percentiles as descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests for statistical inference. Transformation of data For more complicated problems the method ...
Class Notes
Class Notes

Confidence Interval Estimation - University of San Diego Home Pages
Confidence Interval Estimation - University of San Diego Home Pages

... or moderate-sized data sets and frequency distributions and histograms for large data sets. Compute measures of central tendency (mean and median) and compare with the theoretical and practical properties of the normal distribution. Compute the interquartile range. Does it approximate the 1.33 times ...
Chapter 1 Exercises
Chapter 1 Exercises

... 33- Lifetime of an electronic device is a (an) ………… variable. A) Discrete B) Continuous C) Ordinal ...
Hypothesis Testing
Hypothesis Testing

... _ _ 95% confidence interval for  2  1 is  y  x   z / 2 1  2 =(15.16 , 16.84) m n ...
Experiment 2 Random Error and Basic Statistics
Experiment 2 Random Error and Basic Statistics

... equations in the summary on uncertainties. Here, in accord with standard statistical notation, t has the meaning of the number of the standard deviations of the mean needed to cover the difference between the mean and expected times. In this equation, t is not a time: it has no units since both the ...
TM 720 Lecture 07: Cont. Variable Charts, ARL & OC
TM 720 Lecture 07: Cont. Variable Charts, ARL & OC

Document
Document

... A newspaper periodically runs an ad in its own advertising section offering a free month’s subscription. In this way, management can get an idea of how many people read the classifieds. Over a period of two years the mean number of responses was x  525 with a sample standard deviation of s = 30. a. ...
When is a conjunction not a conjunction?
When is a conjunction not a conjunction?

3.1 Measures of Central Tendency
3.1 Measures of Central Tendency

Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)
Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)

Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive Statistics

...  Calculating a Standard Deviation • The standard deviation is nonnegative because deviations around the mean are squared. • When every observation is exactly equal to the mean, the standard deviation is zero. • Standard deviations can be large or small, depending on the units of measure. • Compare ...
Part 3. Executing the program
Part 3. Executing the program

... If the MTB> prompt is not displayed in the session window, place the cursor in the session window and from the menu, select Editor>Enable Commands. When the MTB> prompt is present, Minitab will show the commands used to generate the output in the session window. In other words, all the actions that ...
unit powerpoint
unit powerpoint

study guide for final exam
study guide for final exam

... What are the different types of nonsampling errors? Given the description of study be able to identify the following: - target population - study population (and whether it is the same as the target population based on the sampling scheme used) - variables being measured (e.g. gender, smoking status ...
Essential Statistics 1/e
Essential Statistics 1/e

Directions for
Directions for

Quadrat Sampling in Population Ecology
Quadrat Sampling in Population Ecology

... 8. Examine the effect of changing plot size and shape on our estimates of the mean density and on precision. We’ll concern ourselves only with hobblebush in this part of the exercise. First, test what happens when we change plot size keeping everything else constant. Change the sampling parameters s ...
Ch7 - Statistics
Ch7 - Statistics

Sampling Distribution
Sampling Distribution

... If we were to repeat the sampling procedure many times, the sample proportion would be within 3 percentage points of the true proportion in 95% of the intervals. b) State and interpret the 95% confidence interval. (.63, .69) We are 95% confident that the interval from .63 to .69 captures the true pr ...
Lecture 8 10192016
Lecture 8 10192016

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Misuse of statistics

Statistics are supposed to make something easier to understand but when used in a misleading fashion can trick the casual observer into believing something other than what the data shows. That is, a misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy.The false statistics trap can be quite damaging to the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives.Misuses can be easy to fall into. Professional scientists, even mathematicians and professional statisticians, can be fooled by even some simple methods, even if they are careful to check everything. Scientists have been known to fool themselves with statistics due to lack of knowledge of probability theory and lack of standardization of their tests.
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