Spectra - jonsundqvist.com
... As energy is related to temperature, it is not hard to show that the hotter the object, the higher the energy of the emitted photons. For example, a star like the sun is about 6000 Kelvin (K), which peaks in the green-blue region of visible light. Hotter stars peak in the ultra-violet region, or eve ...
... As energy is related to temperature, it is not hard to show that the hotter the object, the higher the energy of the emitted photons. For example, a star like the sun is about 6000 Kelvin (K), which peaks in the green-blue region of visible light. Hotter stars peak in the ultra-violet region, or eve ...
The magnitudes of stars
... Apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude How bright a star looks when viewed from the Earth is given by its apparent magnitude. However this does not give a true impression of the actual brightness of a star. A nearby faint star may well look brighter than another star that is actually brighter but ...
... Apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude How bright a star looks when viewed from the Earth is given by its apparent magnitude. However this does not give a true impression of the actual brightness of a star. A nearby faint star may well look brighter than another star that is actually brighter but ...
X-Ray Astronomy Poster_Final
... Accreting Neutron Stars and Black Holes are brightest sources of X-rays. Solar type stars, remnants of supernovae, active galactic nuclei, diffuse hot gas in galaxies and clusters, gamma ray burst sources are among other prominent sources of X-rays ...
... Accreting Neutron Stars and Black Holes are brightest sources of X-rays. Solar type stars, remnants of supernovae, active galactic nuclei, diffuse hot gas in galaxies and clusters, gamma ray burst sources are among other prominent sources of X-rays ...
The Evening Sky Map
... Conjunction – An alignment of two celestial bodies such that they present the least angular separation as viewed from Earth. Constellation – A defined area of the sky containing a star pattern. Diffuse Nebula – A cloud of gas illuminated by nearby stars. Double Star – Two stars that appear close to ...
... Conjunction – An alignment of two celestial bodies such that they present the least angular separation as viewed from Earth. Constellation – A defined area of the sky containing a star pattern. Diffuse Nebula – A cloud of gas illuminated by nearby stars. Double Star – Two stars that appear close to ...
Exoplanet
... star's position in the sky and observing the ways in which its position changes over time. If the star has a planet, then the gravitational influence of the planet will cause the star to move in a tiny circle. ...
... star's position in the sky and observing the ways in which its position changes over time. If the star has a planet, then the gravitational influence of the planet will cause the star to move in a tiny circle. ...
Big Bear Valley Astronomical Society
... over the Bull, which was then placed in the heavens, but for his sacrilege the gods declared that the life of his best friend, Enkidu, should be taken as a forfeit. The chief star, Aldebaran is the 1st magnitude star referred to by Ptolemy as 'the Torch' on account of its bright, rose-colored lumin ...
... over the Bull, which was then placed in the heavens, but for his sacrilege the gods declared that the life of his best friend, Enkidu, should be taken as a forfeit. The chief star, Aldebaran is the 1st magnitude star referred to by Ptolemy as 'the Torch' on account of its bright, rose-colored lumin ...
A Star is Born worksheet and key
... 4. If a star is blue, what does that reveal about its temperature? It is extremely hot 5. How is the brightness of stars measured? By their magnitude 6. What is the lifespan of red dwarfs? Trillions of years 7. What is the lifespan of stars similar to the Sun? 10 billion years 8. How is a red giant/ ...
... 4. If a star is blue, what does that reveal about its temperature? It is extremely hot 5. How is the brightness of stars measured? By their magnitude 6. What is the lifespan of red dwarfs? Trillions of years 7. What is the lifespan of stars similar to the Sun? 10 billion years 8. How is a red giant/ ...
Patterns in the Night Sky
... Although we can mark out the same constellations our ancient ancestors saw thousands of years ago, their component stars are not in exactly the same location as they were then. Precise observations of stars reveal that they move relative to each other in space, but these changes in position occur s ...
... Although we can mark out the same constellations our ancient ancestors saw thousands of years ago, their component stars are not in exactly the same location as they were then. Precise observations of stars reveal that they move relative to each other in space, but these changes in position occur s ...
CyclesOfTheSky
... Over a year, the Sun, Moon, and planets appear to move through the same 13 constellations, called the zodiac. When the stars of Leo for example are in the background of the Sun, we say the Sun is “in” Leo. Good diagram here: http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/en/kids/st6starfinder/st6starfinder2.shtml Demo ...
... Over a year, the Sun, Moon, and planets appear to move through the same 13 constellations, called the zodiac. When the stars of Leo for example are in the background of the Sun, we say the Sun is “in” Leo. Good diagram here: http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/en/kids/st6starfinder/st6starfinder2.shtml Demo ...
Astronomy Teleclass Webinar!
... Galaxies are stars that are pulled and held together by gravity. Globular clusters are massive groups of stars held together by gravity, using housing between tens of thousands to millions of stars (think New York City). Gravitational lensing is one way we can “see” a black hole. When light leave ...
... Galaxies are stars that are pulled and held together by gravity. Globular clusters are massive groups of stars held together by gravity, using housing between tens of thousands to millions of stars (think New York City). Gravitational lensing is one way we can “see” a black hole. When light leave ...
The Solar System - RHIG - Wayne State University
... the orbits of the planets were circular. His universe, too, was spherical, because it contains the most volume and is the most perfect of all shapes. But there was also an element of physics in Copernicus’ thinking. Those that argued against a spinning Earth claimed that it would fly apart. Copernic ...
... the orbits of the planets were circular. His universe, too, was spherical, because it contains the most volume and is the most perfect of all shapes. But there was also an element of physics in Copernicus’ thinking. Those that argued against a spinning Earth claimed that it would fly apart. Copernic ...
Set 2: Nature of Galaxies
... • History: as late as the early 1920’s it was not known that the “spiral nebula” were galaxies like ours • Debate between Shapley (galactic objects) and Curtis (extragalactic, or galaxies) in 1920 highlighted the difficulties distances in astrophysics difficult to measure - Shapley’s inferences base ...
... • History: as late as the early 1920’s it was not known that the “spiral nebula” were galaxies like ours • Debate between Shapley (galactic objects) and Curtis (extragalactic, or galaxies) in 1920 highlighted the difficulties distances in astrophysics difficult to measure - Shapley’s inferences base ...
supplemental educational materials PDF
... • The spring constellations include the zodiacal constellations of Virgo, the Virgin; Libra, the Scales; and Scorpius, the Scorpion, as well as Hercules, the Hero. • Summer constellations include the zodiacal constellations of Sagittarius, the Archer; Capricorn, the Sea Goat; and Aquarius, the Wate ...
... • The spring constellations include the zodiacal constellations of Virgo, the Virgin; Libra, the Scales; and Scorpius, the Scorpion, as well as Hercules, the Hero. • Summer constellations include the zodiacal constellations of Sagittarius, the Archer; Capricorn, the Sea Goat; and Aquarius, the Wate ...
Chapter 13: Interstellar Matter and Star Formation
... 2. As the protostar shrinks, it gets hotter, emits more radiation, and gradually blows away the outer portions of its cocoon. 3. T Tauri stars are a certain class of young stars that show rapid and erratic changes in brightness in the form of enormous flares; these flares are thought to play a part ...
... 2. As the protostar shrinks, it gets hotter, emits more radiation, and gradually blows away the outer portions of its cocoon. 3. T Tauri stars are a certain class of young stars that show rapid and erratic changes in brightness in the form of enormous flares; these flares are thought to play a part ...
plagiarism - things to know - Science Department
... our own sun. than our sun, and so big, if you were to put Betelgeuse in place of our sun, its How to use the info without plagiarizing: surface would reach all the way out to Everything has a temperature, and Jupiter. Betelgeuse's color is bright red. everything radiates light, and the two are On th ...
... our own sun. than our sun, and so big, if you were to put Betelgeuse in place of our sun, its How to use the info without plagiarizing: surface would reach all the way out to Everything has a temperature, and Jupiter. Betelgeuse's color is bright red. everything radiates light, and the two are On th ...
Uranometria 2000.0`s Dark Nebulae Database
... Milky Way. On the other hand, the well-known Horsehead Nebula (cataloged as Barnard 33 on Chart 116) is much more typical. It is a difficult object because of its small size and because it lies in front of a rather faint background object, emission nebula IC 434. In this case the resulting contrast ...
... Milky Way. On the other hand, the well-known Horsehead Nebula (cataloged as Barnard 33 on Chart 116) is much more typical. It is a difficult object because of its small size and because it lies in front of a rather faint background object, emission nebula IC 434. In this case the resulting contrast ...
ppt
... All of them are bright compared with the majority of the stars. Some – Venus, Mars, and Jupiter – can outshine the brightest stars in the sky. ...
... All of them are bright compared with the majority of the stars. Some – Venus, Mars, and Jupiter – can outshine the brightest stars in the sky. ...
SW - Calculating Magnitudes
... apparent brightness of a star varies in relation to its distance from Earth. However, in order to determine how bright an object is relative to other objects in the Universe, we must account for the object’s distance from Earth. To do this, astronomers hypothetically place all objects at an equal di ...
... apparent brightness of a star varies in relation to its distance from Earth. However, in order to determine how bright an object is relative to other objects in the Universe, we must account for the object’s distance from Earth. To do this, astronomers hypothetically place all objects at an equal di ...
What are constellations? - Red Hook Central Schools
... Ancient people did not have much light pollution so they could see lots of stars Stars do not have a pattern, but ancient people thought they saw patterns They associated patterns with traditions and legends that were a part of their culture Scientists today have divided the sky into 88 regions, wit ...
... Ancient people did not have much light pollution so they could see lots of stars Stars do not have a pattern, but ancient people thought they saw patterns They associated patterns with traditions and legends that were a part of their culture Scientists today have divided the sky into 88 regions, wit ...
File
... •Stars twinkle because the light is distorted by Earth’s atmosphere. •All stars have one thing in common, the way they produce energy. •The energy comes from nuclear reactions that change hydrogen into helium. It is as if millions of atomic bombs were going off every second inside the star. •Unlike ...
... •Stars twinkle because the light is distorted by Earth’s atmosphere. •All stars have one thing in common, the way they produce energy. •The energy comes from nuclear reactions that change hydrogen into helium. It is as if millions of atomic bombs were going off every second inside the star. •Unlike ...
Observational astronomy
Observational astronomy is a division of the astronomical science that is concerned with recording data, in contrast with theoretical astrophysics, which is mainly concerned with finding out the measurable implications of physical models. It is the practice of observing celestial objects by using telescopes and other astronomical apparatus.As a science, the study of astronomy is somewhat hindered in that direct experiments with the properties of the distant universe are not possible. However, this is partly compensated by the fact that astronomers have a vast number of visible examples of stellar phenomena that can be examined. This allows for observational data to be plotted on graphs, and general trends recorded. Nearby examples of specific phenomena, such as variable stars, can then be used to infer the behavior of more distant representatives. Those distant yardsticks can then be employed to measure other phenomena in that neighborhood, including the distance to a galaxy.Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the heavens and recorded what he saw. Since that time, observational astronomy has made steady advances with each improvement in telescope technology.A traditional division of observational astronomy is given by the region of the electromagnetic spectrum observed: Optical astronomy is the part of astronomy that uses optical components (mirrors, lenses and solid-state detectors) to observe light from near infrared to near ultraviolet wavelengths. Visible-light astronomy (using wavelengths that can be detected with the eyes, about 400 - 700 nm) falls in the middle of this range. Infrared astronomy deals with the detection and analysis of infrared radiation (this typically refers to wavelengths longer than the detection limit of silicon solid-state detectors, about 1 μm wavelength). The most common tool is the reflecting telescope but with a detector sensitive to infrared wavelengths. Space telescopes are used at certain wavelengths where the atmosphere is opaque, or to eliminate noise (thermal radiation from the atmosphere). Radio astronomy detects radiation of millimetre to dekametre wavelength. The receivers are similar to those used in radio broadcast transmission but much more sensitive. See also Radio telescopes. High-energy astronomy includes X-ray astronomy, gamma-ray astronomy, and extreme UV astronomy, as well as studies of neutrinos and cosmic rays.Optical and radio astronomy can be performed with ground-based observatories, because the atmosphere is relatively transparent at the wavelengths being detected. Observatories are usually located at high altitudes so as to minimise the absorption and distortion caused by the Earth's atmosphere. Some wavelengths of infrared light are heavily absorbed by water vapor, so many infrared observatories are located in dry places at high altitude, or in space.The atmosphere is opaque at the wavelengths used by X-ray astronomy, gamma-ray astronomy, UV astronomy and (except for a few wavelength ""windows"") far infrared astronomy, so observations must be carried out mostly from balloons or space observatories. Powerful gamma rays can, however be detected by the large air showers they produce, and the study of cosmic rays is a rapidly expanding branch of astronomy.For much of the history of observational astronomy, almost all observation was performed in the visual spectrum with optical telescopes. While the Earth's atmosphere is relatively transparent in this portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, most telescope work is still dependent on seeing conditions and air transparency, and is generally restricted to the night time. The seeing conditions depend on the turbulence and thermal variations in the air. Locations that are frequently cloudy or suffer from atmospheric turbulence limit the resolution of observations. Likewise the presence of the full Moon can brighten up the sky with scattered light, hindering observation of faint objects.For observation purposes, the optimal location for an optical telescope is undoubtedly in outer space. There the telescope can make observations without being affected by the atmosphere. However, at present it remains costly to lift telescopes into orbit. Thus the next best locations are certain mountain peaks that have a high number of cloudless days and generally possess good atmospheric conditions (with good seeing conditions). The peaks of the islands of Mauna Kea, Hawaii and La Palma possess these properties, as to a lesser extent do inland sites such as Llano de Chajnantor, Paranal, Cerro Tololo and La Silla in Chile. These observatory locations have attracted an assemblage of powerful telescopes, totalling many billion US dollars of investment.The darkness of the night sky is an important factor in optical astronomy. With the size of cities and human populated areas ever expanding, the amount of artificial light at night has also increased. These artificial lights produce a diffuse background illumination that makes observation of faint astronomical features very difficult without special filters. In a few locations such as the state of Arizona and in the United Kingdom, this has led to campaigns for the reduction of light pollution. The use of hoods around street lights not only improves the amount of light directed toward the ground, but also helps reduce the light directed toward the sky.Atmospheric effects (astronomical seeing) can severely hinder the resolution of a telescope. Without some means of correcting for the blurring effect of the shifting atmosphere, telescopes larger than about 15–20 cm in aperture can not achieve their theoretical resolution at visible wavelengths. As a result, the primary benefit of using very large telescopes has been the improved light-gathering capability, allowing very faint magnitudes to be observed. However the resolution handicap has begun to be overcome by adaptive optics, speckle imaging and interferometric imaging, as well as the use of space telescopes.Astronomers have a number of observational tools that they can use to make measurements of the heavens. For objects that are relatively close to the Sun and Earth, direct and very precise position measurements can be made against a more distant (and thereby nearly stationary) background. Early observations of this nature were used to develop very precise orbital models of the various planets, and to determine their respective masses and gravitational perturbations. Such measurements led to the discovery of the planets Uranus, Neptune, and (indirectly) Pluto. They also resulted in an erroneous assumption of a fictional planet Vulcan within the orbit of Mercury (but the explanation of the precession of Mercury's orbit by Einstein is considered one of the triumphs of his general relativity theory).